Tiếng Anh - 10 - Chuyên Hưng Yên - Hưng Yên Đề Thi
Tiếng Anh - 10 - Chuyên Hưng Yên - Hưng Yên Đề Thi
TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN HƯNG YÊN KHU VỰC DH&ĐB BẮC BỘ NĂM 2024
ĐỀ THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH - LỚP 10
(Đề thi đề xuất) Thời gian: 180 phút
(Đề thi gồm có 22 trang, 4 câu)
Part 2. You will hear a woman talking about the layers of the Earth. For
questions 6-10, decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (10 points)
6. There exist some underground cities in the crust like a city in Switzerland.
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7. Locals say to have heard the screams of tortured souls coming from the deepest
hole ever excavated in the world.
8. The effort to drill into the mantle of the Earth made by a group of scientists
brought a positive outcome.
9. Professor Otto Lidenbrock discovers an entire underground world in Jules
Verne's beloved novel Journey to the Center of the Earth, filled with prehistoric
plants.
10. The pressure in the final layer, known as the inner core, is so great that the
metals have crystallized and formed a solid sphere in the planet's center.
Your answers:
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 3. For questions 11-15, you will hear an interview in which two students
called Bella and Tom discussed an article they have read about a woman
astronaut. Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what
you hear. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
(10 points)
11. The speakers agree that being an astronaut
A. requires a specific personality type.
B. is not a career that appeals to them.
C. is an unexpected job for a woman.
D. would be very challenging work.
12. Bella particularly admires the astronaut Ellen Ochoa because of
A. her ability to put her experiences into words.
B. her determination to fulfil a childhood dream.
C. her scientific and technical skills.
D. her attitude towards her colleagues.
13. Tom was surprised to learn that people who want to become astronauts
should
A. have experience as aeroplane pilots.
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B. have more than one university degree.
C. be a specific height.
D. be good at sports.
14. What does Bella think is the most interesting part of Ellen's life?
A. spacewalking
B. working in mission control
C. coping with unexpected problems
D. working in conditions of weightlessness
15. Tom and Bella both now decide to
A. do a project on Ellen Ochoa as part of their coursework.
B. do a study of the first people in space.
C. find out more about the current state of space research.
D. go to some talks on space travel in films and literature.
Your answers:
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
Part 4: You will listen to a recording about a famous canal. For questions 16-
25, complete the summary by writing NO MORE THAN FOUR WORDS in each
gap. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (20
points)
In March 2021, powerful winds blew a container ship from its intended part.
While such an event might be considered insignificant in many locations, it turned
out to be a (16) ________________ in the Suez Canal.
To facilitate the transportation of goods from Asia to the Mediterranean
Basin, merchants had to (17) ____________________ the narrow isthmus dividing
the Red Sea and the Nile.
Making a (18) ______________________ connecting the Indian Ocean and
the Mediterranean Sea would eliminate the need for such a journey.
The whole Europe took notice when interest in (19) _________________
was rekindled in 1798.
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The plan from the (20) _____________________________ French
diplomat, Ferdinand de Lesseps, was approved by Sa’id Pasha, who came to power
in 1854.
Signed in the same year and 1856, two agreements granted de Lesseps the
authority to form the Suez Canal Company and fund it by selling shares to (21)
___________________________.
In 1864, despite pressing forward with the construction of Suez Canal,
Isma’il Pasha, the new ruler put an end to the (22) _______________________.
Due to the infrastructure needed to (23) _______________________ and
other necessities to the enormous labor force, a flourishing economy of restaurants,
brothels, and smuggled items was created.
On (24) ______________________, the completed canal was officially
inaugurated.
Depsite the impressive volume of traffic on Suez Canal these days, the
incident of the Ever Given is still a (25) ____________________ of manmade
system’s fragility.
Your answers:
16. 17.
18. 19.
20. 21.
22. 23.
24. 25.
Part 2. For questions 56-65, fill each gap with the correct form of the words in
brackets. Write your answer in the boxes provided. (10 points)
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56. She is very active and sociable, so it is surprising that she dates such a quiet
and ___________ man like Khoi. (ASSUME)
57. After just 3 days, Donald has been able to dive ___________ into the pool.
(HEAD)
58. Most homeless people in the US are ___________, they are all around cafes
and restaurants ready to pick up wasted food or leftovers. (FREE)
59. The sandwich shop she's opening is a ___________ alternative to the town's
male-dominated coffee shop culture. (STAFF)
60. Being a war ___________ is a dangerous job because you will have to bring
yourself to the most conflict-ridden parts of the world. (RESPOND)
61. Under ___________, white people were not allowed to marry their non-white
counterparts. (APART)
62. The teacher threatened to ___________ their phones if they kept using them in
class. (FISCAL)
63. You should dress in a way that ___________ a woman of your age, which is
not so gaudy. (FIT)
64. The so-called ‘norm’ of the nuclear family is in fact ______________ of many
families. (TYPICAL)
65. Temperature records have ______________ confirmed the existence of global
warming. (EQUAL)
Your answers:
56. 61.
57. 62.
58. 63.
59. 64.
60. 65.
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Part 1. For questions 66-75, read the following passage and decide which option
(A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap. Write your answers in corresponding
numbered boxes. (15 points)
LOOKING INTO SPACE
Outer space has (66) _______ mankind ever since we first gazed upward. It was
easy enough to see stars in the night sky (67) _______ the naked eyes and many
(68) _______ civilizations also noticed that certain groups appeared to form
familiar shapes. They used these constellations to help with navigation and as a
means of predicting the seasons and making calendars. Ancient astronomers also
perceived points of light that moved. They believed they were wandering stars and
the word “planet” was (69) _______ from the Greek word for “wanderers”. For
much of human history, it was also believed that the Earth was the center of the
Universe and that the planets circled the Earth, and that falling meteorites and solar
eclipses were (70) _______ of disaster.
It wasn’t until the 16th century that Polish mathematician and astronomer Nicolaus
Copernicus presented a mathematical model of how the sun actually moved around
the Earth, challenging the (71) _______ understanding of how the solar system
worked. The Italian physicist and astronomer Galileo Galilei then used a telescope
to prove this theory to be correct.
Many technological advances have allowed us to probe (72) _______ space since
then, and one of the most pioneering was when the first manned spacecraft, the
Apollo 11, successfully (73) _______ gravity and touched down on the moon’s
surface. Nevertheless, much of our research must be done from far greater
distances. The Hubble Space Telescope was carried into orbit by a space shuttle in
April 1990 and it has allowed cosmologists to gather incredible data.
Most (74) _______, it has provided a great deal of evidence to support the Big
Bang Theory, that is, the idea that the Universe originated as a hot, (75) _______
state at a certain time in the past and has continued to expand since then.
66 A. aroused B. struck C. inquired D. intrigued
67 A. by B. with C. from D. in
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68 A. primary B. early C. first D. initial
69 A. derived B. originated C. descended D. inferred
70 A. signals B. images C. heralds D. omens
71 A. domineering B. prevailing C. controlling D. dominating
72 A. at B. on C. into D. towards
73 A. broke through B. got over C. came off D. went ahead
Part 2. For questions 76-85, fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE
suitable word and write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15
points)
SOCIAL ENTERPRISE – A WORTHWHILE WAY TO MAKE MONEY?
Every so often, a new buzzword takes the business world (76) _______ storm. A
paradigm shift in how things are done, or a whole new lexicon of abstruse terms to
(77) _______ the novice’s head in knots. In recent years, one such concept that
(78) _______ gained considerable traction is social enterprise. Social enterprises
are business which champion the honourable intention of changing the world for
the (79) _______. By selling goods and services in the open market, social
enterprises generate profits which are then reinvested in the local, or indeed global,
community. The aim is to tackle social problems, improve opportunities and
address inequality, among (80) _______.
While examples of social enterprises are inspiring and offer a vision of corporate
caring (81) ______ is hard not to warm to, it’s perfectly reasonable to have
reservations about the philosophy as a whole. There is certainly a growing trend
for companies that have never really shown much compassion suddenly (82)
_______ on the impact investment bandwagon. (83) _______ you have long been
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perceived as a rapacious multinational focused on profit above people, then one of
the best ways to redress the balance is to show a big heart.
There are a number of high-profile companies who have joined (84) _______ with
NGOs and charitable organisations to ensure that their hard-earned dollars are
invested into a whole plethora of needy causes. These tend to be extremely well-
publicised initiatives, news of which often takes (85) _______ over concerns about
working conditions or corporate accountability. In fact, many business advisors
highly recommend the social enterprise route to change negative public
perceptions.
Your answers:
76. 77. 78. 79. 80.
81. 82. 83. 84. 85.
Part 3. For questions 86-95, read the following passage and circle the best
answer to each of the following questions. Write your answers in corresponding
numbered boxes provided. (15 points)
The deserts, which already occupy approximately a fourth of the Earth’s
land surface, have in recent decades been increasing at an alarming pace. The
expansion of desertlike conditions into areas where they did not previously exist is
called desertification. It has been estimated that an additional one-fourth of the
Earth’s land surface is threatened by this process.
Desertification is accomplished primarily through the loss of stabilizing
natural vegetation and the subsequent accelerated erosion of the soil by wind and
water. In some cases, the loose soil is blown completely away, leaving a stony
surface. In other cases, the finer particles may be removed, while the sand-sized
particles are accumulated to form mobile hills or ridges of sand.
Even in the areas that retain a soil cover, the reduction of vegetation
typically results in the loss of the soil’s ability to absorb substantial quantities of
water. The impact of raindrops on the loose soil tends to transfer fine clay particles
into the tiniest soil spaces, sealing them and producing a surface that allows very
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little water penetration. Water absorption is greatly reduced, consequently runoff is
increased, resulting in accelerated erosion rates. The gradual drying of the soil
caused by its diminished ability to absorb water results in the further loss of
vegetation, so that a cycle of progressive surface deterioration is established.
In some regions, the increase in desert areas is occurring largely as the result
of a trend toward drier climatic conditions. Continued gradual global warming has
produced an increase in aridity for some areas over the past few thousand years.
The process may be accelerated in subsequent decades if global warming resulting
from air pollution seriously increases.
There is little doubt, however, that desertification in most areas results
primarily from human activities rather than natural processes. The semiarid lands
bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their
potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures. Expanding populations
are subjecting the land to increasing pressures to provide them with food and fuel.
In wet periods, the land may be able to respond to these stresses. During the dry
periods that are common phenomena along the desert margins, though, the
pressure on the land is often far in excess of its diminished capacity, and
desertification results.
Four specific activities have been identified as major contributors to the
desertification process: overcultivation, overgrazing, firewood gathering, and
overirrigation. The cultivation of crops has expanded into progressively drier
regions as population densities have grown. These regions are especially likely to
have periods of severe dryness so that crop failures are common. Since the raising
of most crops necessitates the prior removal of the natural vegetation, crop failures
leave extensive tracts of land devoid of a plant cover and susceptible to wind and
water erosion.
■ [A] The raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid
lands, where grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation. ■ [B]
The consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area are the
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reduction of the vegetation cover and the trampling and pulverization of the soil. ■
[C]This is usually followed by the drying of the soil and accelerated erosion. ■ [D]
Firewood is the chief fuel used for cooking and heating in many countries.
The increased pres- sures of expanding populations have led to the removal of
woody plants so that many cities and towns are surrounded by large areas
completely lacking in trees and shrubs. The increasing use of dried animal waste as
a substitute fuel has also hurt the soil because this valuable soil conditioner and
source of plant nutrients is no longer being returned to the land.
The final major human cause of desertification is soil salinization resulting
from overirrigation. Excess water from irrigation sinks down into the water table.
If no drainage system exists, the water table rises, bringing dissolved salts to the
surface. The water evaporates and the salts are left behind, creating a white crustal
layer that prevents air and water from reaching the underlying soil.
The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of
land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great
difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. Once the soil has been
removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millen- nia will enable new
soil to form. In areas where considerable soil still remains, though, a rigorously
enforced program of land protection and cover-crop planting may make it possible
to reverse the present deterioration of the surface.
86. According to paragraph 3, the loss of natural vegetation has which of the
following consequences for soil?
A. Increased stony content B. Reduced water absorption
C. Increased numbers of spaces in the soil D. Reduced water runoff
87. The word delicate in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. fragile B. predictable C. complex D. valuable
88. According to paragraph 5, in dry periods, border areas have difficulty
A. adjusting to stresses created by settlement
B. retaining their fertility after desertification
C. providing water for irrigating crops
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D. attracting populations in search of food and fuel
89. The phrase devoid of in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. consisting of B. hidden by
C. except for D. lacking in
90. According to paragraph 6, which of the following is often associated with
raising crops?
A. Lack of proper irrigation techniques
B. Failure to plant crops suited to the particular area
C. Removal of the original vegetation
D. Excessive use of dried animal waste
91. According to paragraph 9, the ground's absorption of excess water is a factor in
desertification because it can
A. interfere with the irrigation of land
B. limit the evaporation of water
C. require more absorption of air by the soil
D. bring salts to the surface
92. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as contributing to
desertification EXCEPT
A. soil erosion B. global warming
C. insufficient irrigation D. the raising of livestock
93. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the
highlighted sentence in the passage?
The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land
and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great
difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.
A. Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and
affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.
B. Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population
growth that has spread over large areas of land.
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C. The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem that can be solved
only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the effort.
D. Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in
the vast areas affected.
94. It can be inferred from the passage that the author most likely believes which
of the following about the future of desertification?
A. Governments will act quickly to control further desertification.
B. The factors influencing desertification occur in cycles and will change in the
future.
C. Desertification will continue to increase.
D. Desertification will soon occur in all areas of the world.
95. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence can be
added to the
passage.
■ [A] The raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid
lands, where grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation. ■ [B]
The consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area are the
reduction of the vegetation cover and the trampling and pulverization of the soil. ■
[C]This is usually followed by the drying of the soil and accelerated erosion. ■ [D]
Where would the sentence best fit?
This economic reliance on livestock in certain regions makes large tracts of
land susceptible to overgrazing.
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
Your answers:
Part 4. For questions 96-105, read the passage and do the following tasks. Write
your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15 points)
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Climate change and the Inuit
The threat posed by climate change in the Arctic
and the problems faced by Canada's Inuit people
A
Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic. Inuit families going off on
snowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut
off from home by a sea of mud, following early thaws. There are reports of igloos
losing their insulating properties as the snow drips and refreezes, of lakes draining
into the sea as permafrost melts, and sea ice breaking up earlier than usual,
carrying seals beyond the reach of hunters. Climate change may still be a rather
abstract idea to most of us, but in the Arctic it is already having dramatic effects -
if summertime ice continues to shrink at its present rate, the Arctic Ocean could
soon become virtually ice-free in summer. The knock-on effects are likely to
include more warming, cloudier skies, increased precipitation and higher sea
levels. Scientists are increasingly keen to find out what's going on because they
consider the Arctic the ‘canary in the mine’ for global warming - a warning of
what's in store for the rest of the world.
B
For the Inuit the problem is urgent. They live in precarious balance with one of the
toughest environments on earth. Climate change, whatever its causes, is a direct
threat to their way of life. Nobody knows the Arctic as well as the locals, which is
why they are not content simply to stand back and let outside experts tell them
what's happening. In Canada, where the Inuit people are jealously guarding their
hard-won autonomy in the country's newest territory, Nunavut, they believe their
best hope of survival in this changing environment lies in combining their ancestral
knowledge with the best of modern science. This is a challenge in itself.
C
The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that's covered with snow for
most of the year. Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships
facing anyone who calls this home. Farming is out of the question and nature
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offers meagre pickings. Humans first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago,
surviving by exploiting sea mammals and fish. The environment tested them to the
limits: sometimes the colonists were successful, sometimes they failed and
vanished. But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged that was uniquely
well adapted to cope with the Arctic environment. These Thule people moved in
from Alaska, bringing kayaks, sleds, dogs, pottery and iron tools. They are the
ancestors of today's Inuit people.
D
Life for the descendants of the Thule people is still harsh. Nunavut is 1.9 million
square kilometres of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole.
It's currently home to 2,500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous Inuit.
Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the
territory's 28 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature to provide
food and clothing.
Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the
most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few
ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around £7,000 a year to replace
meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat. Economic
opportunities are scarce, and for many people state benefits are their only income.
E
While the Inuit may not actually starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by
climate change, there has certainly been an impact on people's health. Obesity,
heart disease and diabetes are beginning to appear in people for whom these have
never before been problems. There has been a crisis of identity as the traditional
skills of hunting, trapping and preparing skins have begun to disappear. In
Nunavut's ‘igloo and email’ society, where adults who were born in igloos have
children who may never have been out on the land, there's a high incidence of
depression.
F
With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out the
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mysteries of climate change in the Arctic. Having survived there for centuries, they
believe their wealth of traditional knowledge is vital to the task. And Western
scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom, increasingly referred to as ‘Inuit
Qaujimajatugangit’, or IQ. ‘In the early days scientists ignored us when they came
up here to study anything. They just figured these people don't know very much so
we won't ask them,’ says John Amagoalik, an Inuit leader and politician. ‘But in
recent years IQ has had much more credibility and weight.’ In fact it is now a
requirement for anyone hoping to get permission to do research that they consult
the communities, who are helping to set the research agenda to reflect their most
important concerns. They can turn down applications from scientists they believe
will work against their interests, or research projects that will impinge too much on
their daily lives and traditional activities.
G
Some scientists doubt the value of traditional knowledge because the occupation of
the Arctic doesn't go back far enough. Others, however, point out that the first
weather stations in the far north date back just 50 years. There are still huge gaps
in our environmental knowledge, and despite the scientific onslaught, many
predictions are no more than best guesses. IQ could help to bridge the gap and
resolve the tremendous uncertainty about how much of what we're seeing is natural
capriciousness and how much is the consequence of human activity.
Questions 96-32
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-F from the list of headings below..
Write the correct number i-ix, in boxes on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
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i The reaction of the Inuit community to climate change
ii Understanding of climate change remains limited
iii Alternative sources of essential supplies
iv Respect for Inuit opinion grows
v A healthier choice of food
vi A difficult landscape
vii Negative effects on well-being
viii Alarm caused by unprecedented events in the Arctic
ix The benefits of an easier existence
Questions 101-105
Complete the summary of paragraphs C and D below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from paragraphs C and D for each
answer. Write your answers in boxes on your answer sheet.
If you visit the Canadian Arctic, you immediately appreciate the problems faced by
people for whom this is home. It would clearly be impossible for the people to
engage in 101 .................... as a means of supporting themselves. For thousands of
years, they have had to rely on catching 102 .................... and fish as a means of
sustenance. The harsh surroundings saw many who tried to settle there pushed to
their limits, although some were successful. The 103 .................... people were an
example of the latter and for them the environment did not prove unmanageable.
For the present inhabitants, life continues to be a struggle. The territory of Nunavut
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consists of little more than ice, rock and a few 104 .................... . In recent years,
many of them have been obliged to give up their 105 .................... lifestyle, but
they continue to depend mainly on nature their food and clothes. Imported produce
is particularly expensive.
Your answers:
96. 97. 98. 99. 100.
100. 102. 103. 104. 105.
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Part 2: (30 points)
People who decide on a career path early in their lives and keep to it are more
likely to have a satisfying working life than those who change jobs frequently. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?
Write an essay of about 250 words to answer the above question. Give reasons
and include any relevant examples to support your answer.
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