NNTDicom DICOM Conformance Statement
NNTDicom DICOM Conformance Statement
CEFLA s.c
Via Bicocca 14/c
40026 Imola (BO) Italy
Internet: [Link]
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. CONFORMANCE STATEMENT OVERVIEW ........................................................................................... 3
3. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 6
3.1 REVISION NOTES ........................................................................................................................... 6
3.2 AUDIENCE...................................................................................................................................... 6
3.3 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION .............................................................................................. 6
3.4 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 6
3.5 BASICS OF DICOM COMMUNICATION .......................................................................................... 8
3.6 ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 9
3.7 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................. 9
3.8 IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION FOR THE READER .......................................................................... 9
4 IMPLEMENTATION MODEL ................................................................................................................ 10
4.1 Application Data Flow Diagram .................................................................................................. 10
4.2 Functional Definition of AE's ....................................................................................................... 10
4.2.1 gsqSpooler............................................................................................................................ 10
4.2.2 gsqScp .................................................................................................................................. 11
4.2.3 gsqMWLQuery ..................................................................................................................... 11
4.2.4 gsqQueryRetrieve ................................................................................................................ 11
5 AE SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 12
5.1 NNTDicom Services AE Specifications ......................................................................................... 12
5.1.1 Association Establishment Policies ...................................................................................... 12
5.1.2 Association Initiation Policy ................................................................................................. 12
5.1.3 Association Acceptance Policy ............................................................................................. 21
5.2 NNTDicom Media Server AE ....................................................................................................... 23
5.2.1 Application Data Flow Diagram............................................................................................ 23
5.2.2 File Meta Information .......................................................................................................... 23
5.2.3 AE Specifications .................................................................................................................. 23
5.2.4 Character sets ...................................................................................................................... 24
6. Communication Profile ..................................................................................................................... 25
6.1 Supported Communication Stacks .............................................................................................. 25
6.2 OSI Stack...................................................................................................................................... 25
6.3 TCP/IP Stack ................................................................................................................................ 25
6.4 Physical Media Support .............................................................................................................. 25
6.5 Point to Point Stack ..................................................................................................................... 25
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7. Extensions/Specializations/Privatizations......................................................................................... 26
7.1 Standard Extended/Specialized/Private SOPs ............................................................................ 26
7.2 Private Transfer Syntaxes............................................................................................................ 26
8. IOD Specific Implementation details................................................................................................. 27
8.2 IOD Contents ............................................................................................................................... 27
8.2 Data Dictionary ........................................................................................................................... 27
8.2.1 CT Image IOD Modules......................................................................................................... 27
8.2.2 SC Image IOD Modules ......................................................................................................... 27
8.2.3 DX Image IOD Modules ........................................................................................................ 27
8.2.4 IO Image IOD Modules ......................................................................................................... 28
8.2.5 IOD Tags ............................................................................................................................... 28
8.2.6 MPPS Radiation Dose Tags................................................................................................... 32
9. Configuration .................................................................................................................................... 33
9.1 Configuration AE Title/Presentation Address Mapping .............................................................. 33
9.2 Configurable Parameters ............................................................................................................ 33
10. Support of Characters Sets ............................................................................................................. 33
11. Security profiles .............................................................................................................................. 33
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3. INTRODUCTION
3.2 AUDIENCE
This document is written for the people that need to understand how NNT/iRYS softwares will integrate into
their health care facility. This includes both those responsible for overall imaging network policy and
architecture, as well as integrators who need to have a detailed understanding of the DICOM features of the
product. This document contains some basic DICOM definitions so that any reader may understand how this
product implements DICOM features. However, integrators are expected to fully understand all the DICOM
terminology, how the tables in this document relate to the product’s functionality, and how that functionality
integrates with other devices that support compatible DICOM features.
Abstract Syntax – the information agreed to be exchanged between applications, generally equivalent to a
Service/Object Pair (SOP) Class. Examples: Verification SOP Class, Modality Worklist Information Model Find
SOP Class, Computed Radiography Image Storage SOP Class.
Application Entity (AE) – an end point of a DICOM information exchange, including the DICOM network or
media interface software; i.e., the software that sends or receives DICOM information objects or messages. A
single device may have multiple Application Entities.
Application Entity Title – the externally known name of an Application Entity, used to identify a DICOM
application to other DICOM applications on the network.
Application Context – the specification of the type of communication used between Application Entities.
Example: DICOM network protocol.
Attribute – – a unit of information in an object definition; a data element identified by a tag. The information
may be a complex data structure (Sequence), itself composed of lower level data elements. Examples: Patient
ID (0010,0020), Accession Number (0008,0050), Photometric Interpretation (0028,0004), Procedure Code
Sequence (0008,1032).
Dicom Conformance Statement - Page 7 of 33
Information Object Definition (IOD) – the specified set of Attributes that comprise a type of data object; does
not represent a specific instance of the data object, but rather a class of similar data objects that have the
same properties. The Attributes may be specified as Mandatory (Type 1), Required but possibly unknown
(Type 2), or Optional (Type 3), and there may be conditions associated with the use of an Attribute (Types 1C
and 2C). Examples: MR Image IOD, CT Image IOD, Print Job IOD.
Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) – a set of standardized image compression techniques, available for
use by DICOM applications.
Media Application Profile – the specification of DICOM information objects and encoding exchanged on
removable media (e.g., CDs)
Module – a set of Attributes within an Information Object Definition that are logically related to each other.
Example: Patient Module includes Patient Name, Patient ID, Patient Birth Date, and Patient Sex.
Negotiation – first phase of Association establishment that allows Application Entities to agree on the types
of data to be exchanged and how that data will be encoded.
Presentation Context – the set of DICOM network services used over an Association, as negotiated between
Application Entities; includes Abstract Syntaxes and Transfer Syntaxes.
Protocol Data Unit (PDU) – a packet (piece) of a DICOM message sent across the network. Devices must
specify the maximum size packet they can receive for DICOM messages.
Security Profile – a set of mechanisms, such as encryption, user authentication, or digital signatures, used by
an Application Entity to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and/or availability of exchanged DICOM data
Service Class Provider (SCP) – role of an Application Entity that provides a DICOM network service; typically, a
server that performs operations requested by another Application Entity (Service Class User). Examples:
Picture Archiving and Communication System (image storage SCP, and image query/retrieve SCP), Radiology
Information System (modality worklist SCP).
Service Class User (SCU) – role of an Application Entity that uses a DICOM network service; typically, a client.
Examples: imaging modality (image storage SCU, and modality worklist SCU), imaging workstation (image
query/retrieve SCU)
Service/Object Pair (SOP) Class – the specification of the network or media transfer (service) of a particular
type of data (object); the fundamental unit of DICOM interoperability specification. Examples: Ultrasound
Image Storage Service, Basic Grayscale Print Management.
Service/Object Pair (SOP) Instance – an information object; a specific occurrence of information exchanged in
a SOP Class. Examples: a specific x-ray image.
Tag – a 32-bit identifier for a data element, represented as a pair of four digit hexadecimal numbers, the
―group‖ and the ―element‖. If the ―group‖ number is odd, the tag is for a private (manufacturer-specific)
data element. Examples: (0010,0020) [Patient ID], (07FE,0010) [Pixel Data], (0019,0210) [private data element]
Transfer Syntax – the encoding used for exchange of DICOM information objects and messages. Examples:
JPEG compressed (images), little endian explicit value representation.
Unique Identifier (UID) – a globally unique ―dotted decimal‖ string that identifies a specific object or a class
of objects; an ISO-8824 Object Identifier. Examples: Study Instance UID, SOP Class UID, SOP Instance UID.
Value Representation (VR) – the format type of an individual DICOM data element, such as text, an integer, a
person’s name, or a code. DICOM information objects can be transmitted with either explicit identification of
Dicom Conformance Statement - Page 8 of 33
the type of each data element (Explicit VR), or without explicit identification (Implicit VR); with Implicit VR, the
receiving application must use a DICOM data dictionary to look up the format of each data element.
Two Application Entities (devices) that want to communicate with each other over a network using DICOM
protocol must first agree on several things during an initial network “handshake”. One of the two devices must
initiate an Association (a connection to the other device), and ask if specific services, information, and
encoding can be supported by the other device (Negotiation).
DICOM specifies a number of network services and types of information objects, each of which is called an
Abstract Syntax for the Negotiation. DICOM also specifies a variety of methods for encoding data, denoted
Transfer Syntaxes. The Negotiation allows the initiating Application Entity to propose combinations of Abstract
Syntax and Transfer Syntax to be used on the Association; these combinations are called Presentation
Contexts. The receiving Application Entity accepts the Presentation Contexts it supports.
For each Presentation Context, the Association Negotiation also allows the devices to agree on Roles – which
one is the Service Class User (SCU - client) and which is the Service Class Provider (SCP - server). Normally the
device initiating the connection is the SCU, i.e., the client system calls the server, but not always.
The Association Negotiation finally enables exchange of maximum network packet (PDU) size, security
information, and network service options (called Extended Negotiation information).
The Application Entities, having negotiated the Association parameters, may now commence exchanging data.
Common data exchanges include queries for worklists and lists of stored images, transfer of image objects and
analyses (structured reports), and sending images to film printers. Each exchangeable unit of data is formatted
by the sender in accordance with the appropriate Information Object Definition, and sent using the negotiated
Transfer Syntax. There is a Default Transfer Syntax that all systems must accept, but it may not be the most
efficient for some use cases. Each transfer is explicitly acknowledged by the receiver with a Response Status
indicating success, failure, or that query or retrieve operations are still in process.
Two Application Entities may also communicate with each other by exchanging media (such as a CD-R). Since
there is no Association Negotiation possible, they both use a Media Application Profile that specifies “pre-
negotiated” exchange media format, Abstract Syntax, and Transfer Syntax.
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3.6 ABBREVIATIONS
AE Application Entity
CD-R Compact Disk Recordable
CR Computed Radiography
CT Computed Tomography
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine
DNS Domain Name System
DX Digital X-ray
ECT Enhanced Computed Tomography
FSC File-Set Creator
FSU File-Set Updater
FSR File-Set Reader
HIS Hospital Information System
IOD Information Object Definition
ISO International Organization for Standards
IO Intra-oral X-ray
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
PACS Picture Archiving and Communication System
PDU Protocol Data Unit
RIS Radiology Information System.
SC Secondary Capture
SCP Service Class Provider
SCU Service Class User
SOP Service-Object Pair
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
VL Visible Light
VR Value Representation
3.7 REFERENCES
NEMA PS3 Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Standard, available free at
[Link]
4 IMPLEMENTATION MODEL
The NNTDicom services are implemented as separate applications that share a common Application Entity
Title.
In the central column, the NNTDicom module involved in the operation is explicated.
It’s started at the system startup and is a connection initiator for Store Requests, print activities, Commitment
N-EVENT-REPORT requests and MPPS reporting messages.
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4.2.2 gsqScp
It’s started at the system startup and accepts connections for Store requests and Storage Commitment N-
EVENT-REPORT responses.
4.2.3 gsqMWLQuery
It’s a user application which initiates connections to query a Modality Worklist and display the results of the
query.
4.2.4 gsqQueryRetrieve
It's a user application which initiates connections to query a remote node, display the results of the query and
send a move request for retrieval.
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5 AE SPECIFICATIONS
5.1 NNTDicom Services AE Specifications
5.1.1 Association Establishment Polices
[Link] General
The configuration of the NNTDicom Services is made through the gsqConfig application which defines the port
number, Application Entity Title and maximum number of simultaneous associations. The accepted and
proposed Present Contexts can be also modified.
1. Send user selected objects from the local storage through gsqSpooler.
2. New IODs are created, locally stored and forwarded to an Image Archive DICOM Server through
gsqSpooler.
[Link].4 SOP Specific Conformance Statement for Storage Commitment PUSH model
gsqSpooler provides standard conformance as SCU.
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gsqQueryRetrieve expects the remote SCP to perform anyone of the following Matching methods:
These keys can be modified by creating a folder in the same directory of gsqMWLQuery and creating a
[Link] file with the following format:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<dicomObject version="1.0">
<dataSet>
<seq tag="ScheduledProcedureStepSequence">
<item idx="0">
<vr tag="ScheduledStationAETitle"></vr>
<vr tag="ScheduledProcedureStepStartDate"></vr>
<vr tag="ScheduledProcedureStepStartTime"></vr>
<vr tag="Modality"></vr>
<vr tag="ScheduledProcedureStepID"></vr>
<vr tag="ScheduledProcedureStepDescription"/>
<vr tag="ScheduledProtocolCodeSequence"/>
</item>
</seq>
<vr tag="RequestedProcedureDescription"/>
<vr tag="RequestedProcedureCodeSequence"/>
<vr tag="RequestedProcedureID"/>
<vr tag="StudyInstanceUID"/>
<vr tag="ReferencedStudySequence"/>
<vr tag="AccessionNumber"/>
<vr tag="ReferringPhysiciansName"/>
<vr tag="PatientsName"/>
<vr tag="PatientID"/>
<vr tag="PatientsBirthDate"/>
<vr tag="PatientsSex"/>
<vr tag="PatientsAddress"/>
<vr tag="PatientsTelephoneNumbers"/>
</dataSet>
</dicomObject>
gsqMWLQuery expects the remote SCP to perform anyone of the following Matching methods:
[Link].3 SOP Specific Conformance for Basic Grayscale Management SOP Classes
gsqSpooler supports the following mandatory SOP Classes which are defined under the Basic Grayscale Print
Management Meta SOP and Basic Color Print Management Meta SOP Classes.
The following are the attribute values supported by the Basic Film Session SOP Class
The following are the attribute values supported by the Basic Film Box SOP Class:
The following are the attribute values supported by the Basic Grayscale Image Box SOP Class
Polarity (2020,0020)
The following are the attribute values supported by the Basic Color Image Box SOP Class
Polarity (2020,0020)
Description Tag
Specific Characters Set 0008,0005
Modality 0008,0060
Patient ID 0010,0020
Study ID 0020,0010
Description Tag
Performed Procedure Step Status 0040,0252
Association request from an unknown AE Title will be rejected or can be accepted depending on the
configuration.
Write
objects
NNT FSR
Media
AE Storage
FSC Medium
Read
objects
NNT/iRYS Media AE displays the contents of Storage Medium and reads the images saving them to local
database.
NNT/iRYS Media AE writes data from the local database to the Storage Medium.
5.2.3 AE Specifications
[Link].1 Real World Activity: Read images from CD-R disk or file system
NNT/iRYS will act as a FSR when reading from the directory of the medium.
By selecting a Dicom image on a supported File System the user can import the images to the local DataBase.
Only images created by NNT/iRYS Media AE can be imported.
NNT/iRYS is able to write the DICOM Objects with the following transfer syntaxes:
NNT/iRYS Media AE does not change the character set of incoming objects before writing them, therefore the
character set depends on the system creating the DICOM objects.
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6. Communication Profile
6.1 Supported Communication Stacks
The NNTDicom services provide DICOM 3.0 TCP/IP Network Communication Support as defined in Part 8 of
the DICOM standard.
7. Extensions/Specializations/Privatizations
7.1 Standard Extended/Specialized/Private SOPs
Not applicable.
SC – Secondary Capture
CT – Computed Tomography
DX – Direct Radiology
IO – Intra Oral
SC Module Tags
Attribute Name Tag VR Value Presence Source
Conversion Type 0008,0064 CS ANAP AUTO
Date of Secondary Capture 0018,1012 DA ANAP AUTO
Time of Secondary Capture 0018,1014 TM ANAP AUTO
Other Tags
Attribute Name Tag VR Value Presence Source
Referenced SOP Instance UID 0008,1155 UI ANAP AUTO
Referenced Procedure Step Sequence 0008,1111 SQ ANAP AUTO
Scheduled Procedure Step ID 0040,0009 SH ANAP MWL
Requested Procedure ID 0040,1001 SH ANAP MWL
Private Tags
Attribute Name Tag VR Value Presence Source
Application ID 0019,1002 US CT Only AUTO
Source-Object distance 0019,1003 DS CT Only AUTO
Source-Detector distance 0019,1004 DS CT Only AUTO
Detector pixel width 0019,1005 DS CT Only AUTO
Detector pixel height 0019,1006 DS CT Only AUTO
Correction factor 0019,1007 DS CT Only AUTO
First scout view mA 0019,1009 DS CT Only AUTO
Second scout view mA 0019,100a DS CT Only AUTO
First scout view kV 0019,100b DS CT Only AUTO
Second scout view kV 0019,100c DS CT Only AUTO
Exposure time 0019,000d DS CT Only AUTO
Exposure mAs 0019,000e DS CT Only AUTO
Total exposure time 0019,000f DS CT Only AUTO
Palette scale A 0019,1012 DS CT Only AUTO
Palette scale B 0019,1013 DS CT Only AUTO
HU parameters 0019,101e DS CT Only AUTO
Acquisition dose 0019,101f DS CT Only AUTO
Dicom Conformance Statement - Page 32 of 33
9. Configuration
The configuration of the software application framework is made by the gsqConfig application and is stored in
a local xml file. Only users provided of the correct login/password will be allowed to change the configuration.
gsqSCP accepts all the storage SOP classes and transfer syntaxes defined in the gsqconfiguration.xml file. When images from a remote system are received, they become immediately available in the local file system for the NNT/iRYS application .
The General Study Module attributes include Study Instance UID, Study Date, Study Time, Referring Physician's Name, Study ID, Accession Number, and Study Description. These attributes are critical for patient tracking and study management, providing unique identifiers and relevant metadata necessary for organizing and accessing patient studies efficiently .
The Presentation LUT Shape tag influences the mapping of image pixel values to display output values. By controlling how image pixel intensity is interpreted and shown on display devices, it affects the appearance and contrast of medical images, impacting diagnostic accuracy .
The NNT/iRYS application uses Explicit VR, Little Endian transfer syntax when writing DICOM Part 10 objects. This allows DICOM objects to be consistently created and interpreted across different systems, which is crucial for interoperability and accurate data exchange in medical imaging .
Attributes that may be included in the MPPS N-SET message include Performed Procedure Step Status, Performed Series Sequence, Retrieve AE Title, Series Description, Performing Physician Name, Operator's Name, and Referenced Image Sequence. These attributes are crucial for managing images, as they provide critical information regarding the status, context, and metadata of medical imaging procedures .
NNT Media AE provides standard conformance to the DICOM Media Storage Service and File Format (PS 3.10) and the Media Storage Application Profiles (PS 3.11) specifically for reading and creating uncompressed images on supported file systems .
A remote system stores the sent images and then returns the Storage Commitment Result Notification to gsqSCP. The gsqSCP provides standard conformance to support this communication process .
NNTDicom might initiate a CSTORE operation in two scenarios: when the user selects objects from local storage to send, and when new IODs are created and forwarded to an image archive DICOM server. In both cases, gsqSpooler initiates the association with the destination system .
The Image Pixel Macro Module tags, such as Sample per Pixel, Photometric Interpretation, Rows, Columns, Bits Allocated, Bits Stored, High Bit, and Pixel Data, are significant because they define the basic structure and properties of the image data. These tags ensure that digital images are accurately captured and reproduced, which is essential for precise diagnosis and treatment planning .
The NNT/iRYS services do not support asynchronous operations and will not perform asynchronous window negotiation .