MATERIAL : HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT

 Hortatory Exposition is a genre of English text that belongs to the class of

argumentation. Hortatory exposition presents the authors attempts to influence the
reader to do something or act in a particular case. In Hortatory Exposition, the author
not only lists some opinion on certain things to reinforce the main idea of the text but
also presents the concluding paragraph of the recommendation as a hortatory
exposition. In this recommendation, the author seeks to invite and persuade the reader
to do something.
 The purpose is to describe and influence the reader that such should and should not be
 Schematic structures of Hortatory Exposition Text:
1. Thesis (It introduces the issue and the writers’ point of view about the
issue of the topic)
2. Arguments (They elaborate and provide several reasons to reader about the
writer’ arguments in order to support the writer’s view point about the
issue in thesis element)
3. Recommendation (It presents the writer’ point of view and
recommendation regarding the topic of the text)
 Language features of Hortatory Exposition Text
1. The simple present tense
2. Connective using temporal (firstly, secondly, thirdly….)
3. Uses evaluative words (importantly, valuably,……)
4. Abstract noun (policy, government……)
5. Technical verb (species of animals,……)
6. Relating verbs (should be, …..)
7. Action verb (run, jump…..)
8. Thinking verb (I believe……)
 Fact and Opinion

Fact:
 fact is a statement that can be proven.
 A fact can be proven by researching through a book, video, or website.

Opinion:
An opinion is someone's thoughts, beliefs, or feelings and it can vary from person to person
also your opinion can change over time. Here are some keywords that may signal that a
given statement is an opinion and not a fact:
 Feelings: hate, love, favorite, dislike, enjoy
 Adjectives: best, worst, boring, interesting, easiest, hardest
 Beliefs and thoughts: prefer, think, always, never, believe
OPINION FACT
Spiders are interesting animals to observe Most spiders have eight eyes, but some
have
Mrs Hanson is a nice teacher You must go to college to become a
teacher
Apples taste better than banana Apples contain vitamin C
Reading is the most important subject in Studies show that students who read
school outside of school outperform their
classmate on standardized tests
Kids today should spend more time Research shows that children who play
playing video games outside have better distance vision that
those who mainly play indoors
 Are social media platforms safe ?
Social media platforms, as one of the new media, have become a phenomenon in the
world including in Indonesia with an amazing growing number of users. Data from the
Indonesian Internet Network User Association (APJII) as of January 2016 reported there were
79 million users of social media in Indonesia. I am confident that social media allows all
users to become producers of information, present an open space for responding to
information, and build a virtual community with discussions in virtual space. However, I am
afraid that the flexibility of discussion in social media is implying some negative impacts: the
presence and increased intensity of hate speech and insecurity
Hate speech is a form of intolerance of other groups of people. Another view sees its
following impact which considers hate speech as an expression that attacks and encourages
violence. As far as I know, this issue is getting more serious when many cases of violence are
caused by provocations via social media. I often found attacking sentences to a certain tribe,
race or religion. For example, in 2015, the burning of the Tolikara mosque in Papua caused
widespread fanfare because of the information confusion on social media.
I believe that almost every social media user has shared their information on their
social media, especially on the popular networking sites, like: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter
or Whatsapp. Unfortunately, this data may reveal them to various internet threats, such as:
fake profiles or impersonation, viruses, and cybercrime. Fraudsters use deception by: asking
for money to the followers on Instagram pretending that they were the real users, selling
fraud items at a lower price than the market price, or even sending suspicious links for
phishing purposes.
By all means, to reduce the negative effects of social media, the government must
formulate better regulations for the digital community. This concept is often referred to as
Digital Literacy. It enables people to access, sort and understand different types of
information which can be used to improve their quality of life. In addition, one can
participate in social life, state and politics by conveying their aspirations in certain channels.
Through digital media, one can voice their perspectives and opinions for justice without
harming others so that one can participate in social life better.
Source: Suko Widodo (Unair News) [Link]
responding-hate-speechsocial-media/?lang=en

Read the text above, then answer the following question (1-5)
1. What is the communicative purpose of the text?
A. to describe how social media becomes a phenomenal emergence
B. to discuss the controversy of delivering hate speech on social media
C. to convince the readers how dangerous social media in internet are
D. to inform about the Indonesian Internet Network User Association
E. to explain digital literacy for some communities in the internet
2. The third paragraph talks about?
A. The popular networking sites
 B. Fraudsters’ instagram account
C. How hackers do the phishing
D. Various threats of social media
E. The purpose of cybercrime
3. The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to?
A. social media users’
B. popular networking sites
C. various internet threats
D. selling fraud items
E. fake profiles by fraudsters
4. Why does hate speech on social media platforms may
lead to violence?
A. Since it is a form of tolerance of other groups of people in an event
B. Because it is considered as an attacking sentence only by youngsters
C. As it has recently been a form of confusion on social media like twitter
D. Because it may initiate the provocation of a certain race or religion
E. Since it is the expression of freedom to a particular community
5. From the text, we may define digital literacy as …
A. the availability and use of digital tools to communicate on the Internet, digital
devices, smart devices and other technologies. (digital world)
B. a form of currency that is available only in digital or electronic form called digital
or electronic money (digital currency)
C. an individual’s ability to find, evaluate, and communicate information through
typing and other media on various digital platforms.
D. any communication media that operate with the use of any of various encoded
machine-readable data formats (digital media)
E. the component of marketing that uses the Internet and online based digital
technologies promote products and services. (digital marketing)
6. Which of the following statements belong to fact?
A. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876
B. It seems like the weather will be much cooler next week
C. I think this week’s math test is going to be very difficult
D. Starbucks is one of the best coffee shop for me
E. Online class is easier than face to face class
7. Which of the following statements belong to opinion?
A. The human body contains 206 bones
B. The nail river is the longest river in the world
C. The sun rises in east and sets in west
D. Florida has over 1300 miles of coastline
E. They might have different perspectives
8. “I believe that almost every social media user has shared their information on their
social media, especially on the popular networking sites, like: Facebook, Instagram,
Twitter or Whatsapp. Unfortunately, this data may reveal them to various internet
threats, such as: fake profiles or impersonation, viruses, and cybercrime. Fraudsters
 use deception by: asking for money to the followers on Instagram pretending that they
were the real users, selling fraud items at a lower price than the market price, or even
sending suspicious links for phishing purposes”
The paragraph belongs to?
A. Recommendation
B. Conclusion
C. Arguments
D. Thesis
E. Orientation
9. Find the closets meaning of the phrase “shamefully”?
A. To feel that something you did was wrong
B. A funny story that only certain people understand
C. In a way that deserves blame
D. Someone you do not know
E. To upset somebody by saying bad things about them
10. Find the closets meaning of the phrase “to apologize”?
A. To make you suddenly surprised
B. To believe that someone is good and honest
C. Actually being with someone, rather than communicating online
D. To take action to solve a problem
E. To say sorry for something you’ve done

instructions

 Do the exercise by typing or writing on a sheet of paper

 Write down both the material completely and answer the question correctly