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HTTP Fundamentals: HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
. an Application-Level Protocol which allows access to the World Wibe resources
. Hypertext means text that contains links to other resources and text that the reader could easilly
interpret.
. HTTP Communication consists of a client and server, the client sends a request to access a resource and
then the server processes this requests.
. This is done through the port 80, but changes depending on the web configuration
. To access a website, we enter the Fully Qualified Domain Name, as an URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
URLs: Uniform Resource Locator
. Resources over the HTTP are accessed using the URL which provides greater specification than just
providing the website we want to visit
For Example:
Component Example Description
Scheme https:// Used to identify the protocol being accessed by the
client, and ends with a colon and a double slash (://)
User Info admin:password@ contains the credentials (separated by a colon :) used
to authenticate to the host, and is separated from the
host with an at sign (@)
Host https://inlanefreight.com The Host signifies the resouce location, Either be a
hostname or an IP Adress
Port :80 The Port is separated from the Host by a colon (:). If no
port is specified, http schemes default to port 80 and
https default to port 443
Path /dashboard.php This points to the resource being accessed, which can
be a file or a folder. If there is no path specified, the
server returns the default index (e.g. index.html).
Query ?login=true The query string starts with a question mark (?), and
String consists of a parameter (e.g. login) and a value (e.g.
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true). Multiple parameters can be separated by an
ampersand (&).
Fragments #status Fragments are processed by the browsers on the
client-side to locate sections within the primary
resource (e.g. a header or section on the page)
HTTP Flow:
Compilation of the Quran: AbuBakr, Umar and Uthman
Describe how Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman were involved in the Compilation of the Holy Quran. [10]
1) Umar calling out the issue to Abu Bakr
2) Went to Zayd, who then compiled
3) Uthman
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During the life of the Propeht, the Quran wasn’t compiled in a book form but instead stored as
Parchments, on stone, leaves and also stored in the memory of the Huffaz. The preservation of the Holy
Quran was threatened during the Caliphate of Abu Bakr, the Fake Prophet Musailma waged Batltle of
Yamama, which led to many Huffaz martyred leading to the risk of some verses or entire surahs to be
lost. This issue was bought up by Hazrat Umar to Hazrat Abu Bakr who was reluctant in following the
recommendation of Umar who wanted the Quran to be complied in a book form. Hazrat Umar explained
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that at that time Prophet had Hazrat Jibraeel if he had forgotton any verse. They then went to one of the
chief scribes Hazrat Zayd bin Sabit who was also reluctant but later accepted.
Hazrat Zayd then made a council of Huffaz who then asked anyone who has the Quran in written form
which was then compared to the memory of the Huffaz, atleast 2 evidence was needed for each verse.
Hazrat Zayd bin Sabit said, “If I was given the task to shift a Mountain from one place to another, it would
have been easier to do instead to compile the verses of the Holy Quran”. It took 6 months to compile the
Quran and then it was given to Abu Bakr was
