Northern Christian College, Inc.
The Institution for Better Life
Nurtured in Christ, Centered in Christ,
Commissioned in Christ
ENGL 111
Teaching English in the Elementary
Grades (Language Arts)
Self-Learning Material
Prepared by:
Benjamin S. Agunat III, LPT
Instructor
Teaching Speaking
To develop this skill, the students need intensive practice. Speaking practice is usually done in pair &
group work.
1. Role Play
The teacher gives information to the learners such as who they are and what they think or feel.
Thus, the teacher can tell the student that “You are David, you go to the doctor and tell him what
happened last night” (Harmer, 1984).
2. Simulations
Simulations are very similar to role-plays but what makes simulations different than role plays is
that they are more elaborate. In simulations, students can bring items to the class to create a
realistic environment. For instance, if a student is acting as a president, he/she wears a suit and
brings a microphone to deliver his speech. Role plays and simulations have many advantages.
Such activities motivate the students and increase the self-confidence of hesitant students.
3. Information Gap
Students are supposed to be working in pairs. One student will have the information that other
partner does not have and the partners will share their information. Information gap activities
serve many purposes such as solving a problem or collecting information. Also, each partner
plays an important role because the task cannot be completed if the partners do not provide the
information the others need. These activities are effective because everybody has the opportunity
to talk extensively in the target language.
4. Brainstorming
On a given topic, students can produce ideas in a limited time. Depending on the context, either
individual or group brainstorming is effective and learners generate ideas quickly and freely. The
good characteristics of brainstorming is that the students are not criticized for their ideas so
students will be open to sharing new ideas.
5. Storytelling
Students can briefly summarize a tale or story they heard from somebody beforehand, They may
create/imagine their own stories to tell their classmates. Story telling fosters creative thinking. It
also helps students express ideas in the format of beginning, development, and ending, including
the characters and setting a story has to have.
6. Interviews
Students can conduct interviews on selected topics with various people. Conducting interviews
with people gives students a chance to practice their speaking ability not only in class but also
outside and helps them become socialized. After interviews, each student can present his or her
study to the class. Student Interviews Students Teachers Parents Family Staff
7. Story Completion
1- This is a very enjoyable, whole-class, free-speaking activity for which students sit in a circle.
2- For this activity, a teacher starts to tell a story, but after a few sentences he or she stops
narrating.
3- Then, each student starts to narrate from the point where the previous one stopped. Each
student is supposed to add from four to ten sentences.
4- Students can add new characters, events, descriptions and so on.
Example:
It was a very hot Friday morning. The weather was very nice and the streets were almost empty.
Activity Story Completion
Complete the story with key words given:
Scared A loud crash injured bleeding Emergency services ambulance
hospital Horrible experience
Using a data-show projector, teacher can ask their students to look at the picture and try to imagine what
happened. Students can use some of the words
8. Picture Narrating
This activity is based on several sequential pictures. Students are asked to tell the story taking
place in the sequential pictures by paying attention to the criteria provided by the teacher as a
rubric. Rubrics can include the vocabulary or structures (past simple) they need to use while
narrating.
9. Reporting
Before coming to class, students are asked to read a newspaper or magazine and, in class, they
report to their friends what they find as the most interesting news. Teachers can also ask their
students to watch a specific program on a specific channel. Time of the program should be given
well-in-advance. Then, students could be asked to report back what they have seen and express
their views concerning what was presented in the program or cartoon film…
10. Picture Describing \
Students describe what it is in the picture. They discuss the picture with their groups. Then, a
spokesperson for each group describes the picture to the whole class. This activity fosters the
creativity and imagination of the learners as well as their public speaking skills. It could also be
used as springboard for a whole class-discussion
11. Speeches
Teachers can ask their students to prepare a speech about one of the topics that were discussed in
class. They may also ask them to prepare a speech about a special event or occasion. In fact, lots
of students enjoy such activities as they allow them a great deal of freedom to express their ideas
and show their talents. Of course, delivering the speech should be done in class.
Activity
Instruction: In your own word, describe the following activities that promotes speaking. Write your
answers on a sheet of yellow paper.
1. Discussions
2. Role Plays
3. Simulations
4. Information Gap
5. Brainstorming
6. Storytelling
7. Interviews
8. Story Completion
9. Reporting
10. Picture Narrating
11. Picture Describing
12. Speeches
Suggestions For Teachers
1. Provide maximum opportunity to students to speak the target language by providing a rich environment
that contains collaborative work, authentic materials and tasks, and shared knowledge.
2. Try to involve as many students as possible in every speaking activity. For this aim, practice different
ways of student participation.
3. Reduce teacher speaking time in class while increasing student speaking time. Step back and observe
students.
4. Indicate positive signs when commenting on a student's response.
5. Ask eliciting questions such as “What do you mean? How did you reach that conclusion?” in order to
prompt students to speak more.
6. Provide written feedback like “Your presentation was really great. It was a good job. I really
appreciated your efforts in preparing the materials and efficient use of your voice…”
7. Do not correct students' pronunciation mistakes very often while they are speaking. Correction should
not distract student from expressing themselves.
8. Involve speaking activities not only in class but also out of class; contact parents and other people who
can help.
9. Circulate around classroom to ensure that students are on the right track and see whether they need
your help while they work in groups or pairs.
10. Provide the vocabulary beforehand that students need in speaking activities.
11. Diagnose problems faced by students who have difficulty in expressing themselves in the target
language and provide more opportunities to practice the spoken language.
Conclusion
Pay great attention to teaching speaking. Make students more active in the learning process and reduce
their anxiety. Make their learning more meaningful and fun for them.
Sample Speaking Activities for Students:
Record a 5-minute video of yourself doing the following:
1. Introduce yourself
2. Describe/Introduce hometown
3. Locating your Brgy.
4. Talking about families
5. Expressing likes
6. Using the map to give directions
7. What a visitor can see in your city/town.
Criteria for Scoring:
Communicative Ability 10 Points
Grammar 10 Points
Vocabulary 10 Points
Fluency 5 Points
Pronunciation 5 Points
Clarity 5 Points
Delivery 5 Points
Total # of Points 50 Points
Essay Type Activity
Instruction: Create an essay using the following questions as your guides. Write your essays on a sheet of
yellow paper.
Criteria for Scoring:
Content 10 Points
Grammar 10 Points
Organization 5 Points
Vocabulary 5 Points
Total # of Points 30 Points
1. As future teachers, you will be instructed to sharpen the speaking skills of your students. Select
appropriate techniques that you will use to develop your pupil’s speaking skills.
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First Draft Lesson Plan Activity
Instruction: Using the template below, create a sample lesson plan that aims to develop the speaking kills
of your students.
Criteria for Scoring:
Lesson Plan Scoring Criteria
1. Objectives and Goals (20 Points)
Clear and Specific Objectives (10 Points): Objectives are clearly stated, specific, and aligned with
curriculum standards.
10 Points: Objectives are clear, specific, and directly aligned with curriculum standards.
8 Points: Objectives are clear and aligned with curriculum standards but may lack specificity.
6 Points: Objectives are somewhat clear but lack alignment with curriculum standards.
4 Points: Objectives are unclear and not aligned with curriculum standards.
2 Points: Objectives are missing or not understandable.
Measurable Outcomes (10 Points): Outcomes are measurable and achievable within the lesson
timeframe.
10 Points: Outcomes are measurable, realistic, and achievable.
8 Points: Outcomes are mostly measurable and realistic.
6 Points: Outcomes are somewhat measurable but may not be realistic.
4 Points: Outcomes are unclear or unrealistic.
2 Points: Outcomes are not measurable or not included.
2. Content and Instruction (30 Points)
Relevance and Accuracy (10 Points): Content is relevant to the objectives and accurate.
10 Points: Content is highly relevant and accurate.
8 Points: Content is mostly relevant and accurate.
6 Points: Content is somewhat relevant but may contain minor inaccuracies.
4 Points: Content is somewhat irrelevant or inaccurate.
2 Points: Content is largely irrelevant or inaccurate.
Engagement Strategies (10 Points): Strategies to engage students are included and well-designed.
10 Points: Engagement strategies are highly effective and varied.
8 Points: Engagement strategies are effective but may lack variety.
6 Points: Engagement strategies are somewhat effective but limited.
4 Points: Engagement strategies are minimally effective.
2 Points: Engagement strategies are ineffective or not included.
Differentiation (10 Points): Differentiated instruction to cater to diverse learning needs.
10 Points: Differentiation is thoroughly planned and effective.
8 Points: Differentiation is well-planned but may need more detail.
6 Points: Differentiation is present but limited in scope.
4 Points: Differentiation is minimally planned.
2 Points: Differentiation is not addressed.
3. Activities and Materials (20 Points)
Variety of Activities (10 Points): Activities are varied and support learning objectives.
10 Points: A wide variety of activities that fully support learning objectives.
8 Points: Variety of activities that mostly support learning objectives.
6 Points: Limited variety of activities that somewhat support learning objectives.
4 Points: Activities lack variety and may not fully support objectives.
2 Points: Activities are not varied or do not support objectives.
Quality of Materials (10 Points): Materials are appropriate, engaging, and enhance learning.
10 Points: Materials are highly appropriate, engaging, and enhance learning.
8 Points: Materials are appropriate and engaging.
6 Points: Materials are somewhat appropriate and engaging.
4 Points: Materials are minimally appropriate and engaging.
2 Points: Materials are inappropriate or not engaging.
4. Assessment and Evaluation (20 Points)
Alignment with Objectives (10 Points): Assessments align with learning objectives.
10 Points: Assessments are well-aligned with learning objectives.
8 Points: Assessments are mostly aligned with learning objectives.
6 Points: Assessments are somewhat aligned with learning objectives.
4 Points: Assessments are minimally aligned with learning objectives.
2 Points: Assessments are not aligned with learning objectives.
Methods of Assessment (10 Points): Variety and appropriateness of assessment methods.
10 Points: A variety of appropriate assessment methods are used.
8 Points: Mostly appropriate assessment methods with some variety.
6 Points: Limited variety of assessment methods.
4 Points: Minimal variety and appropriateness of assessment methods.
2 Points: Inappropriate or no assessment methods used.
5. Classroom Management and Organization (10 Points)
Classroom Management (5 Points): Plans for managing classroom dynamics are included.
5 Points: Excellent classroom management strategies are included.
4 Points: Good classroom management strategies are included.
3 Points: Basic classroom management strategies are included.
2 Points: Minimal classroom management strategies are included.
1 Point: No classroom management strategies included.
Organization (5 Points): The lesson plan is well-organized and easy to follow.
5 Points: The lesson plan is exceptionally well-organized.
4 Points: The lesson plan is well-organized.
3 Points: The lesson plan is somewhat organized.
2 Points: The lesson plan is minimally organized.
1 Point: The lesson plan is poorly organized.
Total Points: 100
