What is intellectual property?
Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind such as inventions, artistic
works, designs, symbols, names, and other intangible assets that are protected by law
to give the creator exclusive rights to use and control their creation. The purpose of
intellectual property law is to encourage innovation by giving creators certain exclusive
rights, which can be commercialized or licensed to others.
What are the types of intellectual property? Give example of each type
1. Copyright: Protects original literary, artistic, musical, and dramatic works. This
includes books, songs, movies, software, and artworks. Copyright grants the
creator exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, and perform the work, among
other things.
2. Patent: Protects inventions that are novel, non-obvious, and useful. Patents
grant inventors exclusive rights to make, use, sell, and distribute their inventions
for a set period (usually 20 years), preventing others from using the same
invention without permission.
3. Trademark: Protects distinctive signs, symbols, logos, names, or other
identifiers that distinguish goods or services of one company from another.
Trademarks help protect brands and maintain their value in the marketplace.
4. . Trade Secret: Refers to any confidential business information that provides a
competitive edge, such as formulas, practices, processes, designs, or customer
data. Trade secrets are protected as long as the information remains
confidential.
5. Design Rights: Protects the visual design of objects, such as the appearance or
shape of a product. These rights prevent others from copying the unique design.
Give example of company or organization that has used the di:erent
intellectual property:
1. Copyright Company/Organization Example: Disney Flores, Edrian E • Usage:
Disney uses copyright protection extensively for its animated films,
characters, and other creative works.
2. Patent Company/Organization Example: Apple • Usage: Apple has used
patents to protect its technological innovations, including hardware design,
user interface, and software
3. Trademark Company/Organization Example: Nike • Usage: Nike has
extensively used trademarks to protect its branding, including logos, product
names, and slogans.
4. Trade Secret Company/Organization Example: Coca-Cola • Usage: Coca-
Cola protects its secret formula for its soft drink as a trade secret. • Example:
The exact recipe for Coca-Cola's flagship beverage is considered one of the
most valuable trade secrets in the world. This formula is kept confidential
and is known to only a few employees, helping Coca-Cola maintain a
competitive edge over other soft drink brands
5. Design Rights (Industrial Design) Company/Organization Example: Tesla
• Usage: Tesla uses design rights to protect the unique aesthetic of its
vehicles, including the shape of the car body and interior features.
6. Plant Variety Rights Company/Organization Example: Monsanto Usage:
Monsanto (now part of Bayer) has used plant variety rights to protect
genetically modified (GM) crops.
Site examples of local companies that has produces patents and
trademarks. Show their logo and company’s information.
San Miguel Corporation (SMC)
Patent Example: San Miguel Corporation, one of the largest and most
diversified conglomerates in the Philippines, holds several patents related to
food processing, packaging, and other technological innovations.
Patent: SMC has patented certain innovations related to its food processing,
packaging technology, and fermentation processes used in the production of
food and beverages.
Trademark Example: San Miguel’s trademarked logos and product names.
• Trademark: The San Miguel Beer brand, including its iconic logo of a
knight holding a shield, is one of the most recognizable trademarks in the
Philippines and globally.
Globe Telecom
• Patent Example: Globe Telecom, one of the leading
telecommunications providers in the Philippines, holds patents related to
mobile technology and communication systems.
o Patent: Globe holds patents for various mobile communication
technologies, such as methods for improving network security,
optimizing data delivery, and enhancing mobile user experiences.
• Trademark Example: Globe Telecom has trademarked its name and
brand. o Trademark: The Globe Telecom logo, featuring a stylized globe
(representing its name) in blue and white, is a well-recognized
trademark.
Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT)
• Patent Example: PLDT, the Philippines' largest telecommunications
company, holds patents in communication technologies and network
optimization.
o Patent: PLDT has patented systems for improving internet connectivity
and expanding mobile network coverage, as well as innovations in fiber
optic technology and mobile data services.
• Trademark Example: PLDT has trademarked its brand name and logo.
o Trademark: The PLDT logo, which features bold lettering and a
distinctive color scheme, represents the company’s commitment to
innovation and reliable communication.
