Electronics and
Digital Design
Dr. Syed Imran Moazzam Shah
Todays Topics
Lecture # 10
Multiplexers and Demultiplexers
Multiplexer
A multiplexer is a combinational circuit that has 2n input lines and a single output line.
Simply, the multiplexer is a multi-input and single-output combinational circuit.
The binary information is received from the input lines and directed to the output line.
On the basis of the values of the selection lines, one of these data inputs will be connected to the
output.
Unlike encoder and decoder, there are n selection lines and 2n input lines
2×1 Multiplexer:
In 2×1 multiplexer, there are only two inputs, i.e., A0 and A1, 1 selection line, i.e., S0 and single outputs,
i.e., Y.
On the basis of the combination of inputs which are present at the selection line S0, one of these 2
inputs will be connected to the output.
The block diagram and the truth table of the 2×1 multiplexer are given below.
The logical expression of the term Y is as follows:
Y=S0'.A0+S0.A1
Logical circuit of the above expression is given below:
Block Diagram:
4×1 Multiplexer:
In the 4×1 multiplexer, there is a total of four inputs, i.e., A0, A1, A2, and
A3, 2 selection lines, i.e., S0 and S1 and single output, i.e., Y.
On the basis of the combination of inputs that are present at the
selection lines S0 and S1, one of these 4 inputs are connected to the
output.
The block diagram and the truth table of the 4×1 multiplexer are given
below.
Truth Table: The logical expression of the term Y is as follows:
Y=S1' S0' A0+S1' S0 A1+S1 S0' A2+S1 S0 A3
Logical circuit of the above expression is given below:
8 to 1 Multiplexer
In the 8 to 1 multiplexer, there are total eight inputs, i.e., A0, A1,
A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, and A7, 3 selection lines, i.e., S0, S1and S2 and
single output, i.e., Y.
On the basis of the combination of inputs that are present at
the selection lines S0, S1, and S2, one of these 8 inputs are
connected to the output.
The block diagram and the truth table of the 8×1 multiplexer
are given below.
Y=S0'.S1'.S2'.A0+S0.S1'.S2'.A1+S0'.S1.S2'.A2+S0.S1.S2'.A3+S0'.S1'.S2 A4+S0.S1'.S2 A5+S0'.S1.S2 .A6+S0.S1.S3.A7
8 ×1 multiplexer using 4×1 and 2×1 multiplexer
We can implement the 8×1 multiplexer using a lower order multiplexer. To implement the 8×1 multiplexer, we
need two 4×1 multiplexers and one 2×1 multiplexer. The 4×1 multiplexer has 2 selection lines, 4 inputs, and 1
output. The 2×1 multiplexer has only 1 selection line.
For getting 8 data inputs, we need two 4×1 multiplexers. The 4×1 multiplexer produces one output. So, in order
to get the final output, we need a 2×1 multiplexer.
16 to 1 Multiplexer
In the 16 to 1 multiplexer, there are total of 16 inputs, i.e., A0,
A1, …, A16, 4 selection lines, i.e., S0, S1, S2, and S3 and single
output, i.e., Y.
On the basis of the combination of inputs that are present at
the selection lines S0, S1, and S2, one of these 16 inputs will be
connected to the output.
16×1 multiplexer using 8×1 and 2×1 multiplexer
We can implement the 16×1 multiplexer using a lower order
multiplexer. To implement the 8×1 multiplexer, we need two
8×1 multiplexers and one 2×1 multiplexer. The 8×1 multiplexer
has 3 selection lines, 4 inputs, and 1 output. The 2×1
multiplexer has only 1 selection line.
For getting 16 data inputs, we need two 8 ×1 multiplexers. The
8×1 multiplexer produces one output. So, in order to get the
final output, we need a 2×1 multiplexer. The block diagram of
16×1 multiplexer using 8×1 and 2×1 multiplexer is given below.
De-multiplexer
A De-multiplexer is a combinational circuit that has only 1 input line and 2N output lines.
The information is received from the single input lines and directed to the output line.
On the basis of the values of the selection lines, the input will be connected to one of these outputs.
De-multiplexer is opposite to the multiplexer.
1×2 De-multiplexer:
In the 1 to 2 De-multiplexer, there are only two outputs, i.e., Y0,
and Y1, 1 selection lines, i.e., S0, and single input, i.e., A.
On the basis of the selection value, the input will be connected
to one of the outputs.
The block diagram and the truth table of the 1×2 multiplexer
are given below.
The logical expression of the term Y is as follows:
Y0=S0’.A
Y1=S0.A
1×4 De-multiplexer:
In 1 to 4 De-multiplexer, there are total of four outputs, i.e., Y0,
Y1, Y2, and Y3, 2 selection lines, i.e., S0 and S1 and single input,
i.e., A.
On the basis of the combination of inputs which are present at
the selection lines S0 and S1, the input be connected to one of
the outputs.
The block diagram and the truth table of the 1×4 multiplexer
are given below.
The logical expression of the term Y is as follows:
Y0=S1S0'A
y1=S1'S0A
y2=S1S0’A
y3=S1 S0 A
1×8 De-multiplexer
1×8 De-multiplexer using 1×4 and 1×2 de-multiplexer
1 x 16 De-multiplexer
Thank You
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