JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

LIMITS
SYNOPSIS corresponds a positive number  such that

Neighbourhood of a real number: f  x   l  for all x such that x   a   , a 

 Let ‘a’ be a real number and  be a positive real we say that f  x  tends to ‘l’ as x approaches a
number, then (a-  ,a+  ) is called  - through values less than a and we denote it as
neighbourhood of a. The interval (a-  ,a) is called lim f  x   l  or  lim f  a  h   l
xa  h 0
the left  - neighbourhood of ‘a’ and the interval
 Let a, l  R and f be a function defined on a
(a,a+  ) is called the right  -neighbourhood of a.
deleted neighbourhood of ‘a’ then
The deleted  -neighbourhood of ‘a’ is denoted
by (a-  , a)  (a, a+  ). lim f  x   l  lim f  x   l  lim f  x 
x a x a x a

Limit of a function:  If lim f  x  exists, then

x a

 Let f be a function defined over a deleted lim f  x   lim f  a  x   lim f  a  x 

xa x 0 x 0
neighbourhood of the real number ‘a’ and ‘ l ’ be
a real number. If to every positive number  Infinite limits :
(however small) there exists a positive number ‘  ’
 Let f be a function defined over a deleted
such that f  x   l  for all x such that neighbourhood of a. If for every positive number k
(however large) there corresponds a positive
0  x  a   , we say that f  x  tends to ‘ l ’ as
number  , such that f ( x)  k , x such that
x tends to a and we write it as xLt f  x  l . 0  | x  a |  , we say that f ( x )   as
a

Right handed limit: x  a. We write is as xLt

a
f ( x)  

 Let f  x  be a function defined in the interval Similarly we define (i) xLt

a
f ( x)  

 a, a  h  and ‘ l ’ be a real number. If to every Lt f ( x)   , Lt f ( x)   

(ii) x  x 
positive number  (however small), there Lt f ( x)    , Lt f ( x)   
(iii) x  x 
corresponds a positive number  such that
f  x   l  ,  x  ( a , a   ) then we say that Limit of a function f as x   or  :
f ( x) tends to ‘ l ’ as x approaches a through values  Let f be a function and l be a real number. If for

higher than a and we denote every positive number  there corresponds a

Lt f  x   l  or  Lt f  a  h   l . positive number k (however large) such that

x  a h 0

Left handed limit : | f ( x)  l |  x  k , then we say that f ( x)

 Let f  x  be a function defined in the interval tends to l as x tends to  . We write it as

 a  h, a 
and ‘l’ be a real number. If to every Lt f ( x)  l.
x 

positive number  (however small), there Lt f ( x)  l .

Similarly wedefine x
1
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

Fundamental Theorem on Limits: sin ax tan ax

Lt  a and Lt a
x 0 x x  0 x
 If xLta f  x   l an d xLta g  x   m then,
sin x 0  tan x 0 
Lim  and Lim 
i) xLt
a
 f  x   g  x   l  m x 0 x 180 x0 x 180

sin x cos x
ii) xLt
a
 f  x   g  x   l  m  Lim
x
0 and Lim 0
x  x  x
iii) xLt
a
 f  x  .g  x   l .m sin 1 x tan 1 x
 Lim  1 and Lim 1
x0 x x0 x
iv) xLt
a
k . f  x   k . xLta f  x 
 ex  1 
 Lim    1
f  x l x 0 
 x 
v) xLt
a g  x 
 , if m  0
m
 ax 1 
 Lim   loge a,  a  0 
k x 0  
vi) xLt  f  x    l k , if k  Q and l k  R  x 
a
a x  bx a
vii) xLt
a x a

f  g  x    f Lt  g  x    f  m    Lim
x 0 x
 log e  
b

viii) xLt
a

f  x
g  x
  l , if l
m m
R
 Lim
x0
a x 1
bx 1
 log b a
ix) If f  x   g  x  on a deleted nbd of ‘a’
| x  a |
 lim does not exist
then xLt f  x   Lt g  x  x a x  a
a xa
1 1

x) xLt f  x   l  Lt f  x   l .  Lim 1  x  x  e , Lt 1  ax  x  ea
a x a x 0 x 0

However the converse need not be true x

 a
x
 1 a
1  Lim  1    e , Lt 1    e
1 x   x x 
 x 
Ex. xLt   where as Lt does not
0 | x| x0 x
 f ( x ), g ( x) are two polynomials such that
exist. degree of f ( x) is m and degree of g ( x) is
Indeterminate forms : n then
0 
 , ,    , 0   , 0 0 ,  0 and 1 are f ( x)
0  i) lim  0 for m  n
called indeterminate forms
x g ( x)
Standard Limits : f ( x)
ii) lim   for m  n and coef of
xn  a n
x g ( x)
 For all real values of n, Lim  n.a n1
xa xa xm  0
(Provided n a n1 is defined) f ( x)
iii) lim    for m  n and coef of
x m  a m m m n x  g ( x)
 Lt
x a x n  a n
 a , (m > n)
n xm  0
 f ( x) coef of x m in Nr
 If 0< | x | < and x is measured in radians. iv) lim  for m  n
2 x g ( x) coef of x n in Dr
sin x tan x 1 1
Lim  1 and Lim 1,
x0 x x 0 x  lim e x  , lim e x  0
x0 x0
2
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS


1

1 W.E-3 : Let f  x  be a twice differentiable
 lim e x
 0, lim e x

x0 x 0
function and f "  0  =5, then
 lim x n  0 if | x | 1
n  3 f  x   4 f  3x   f  9 x 
n lim is equal to
 lim x   if | x | 1 x 0 x2
n
1/ n 3 f  x   4 f  3x   f  9 x   0 
W.E-1 : lim  4n  5n  is equal to Sol: lim 2  form 
n x 0 x 0 
Sol: Given limit = '
3f  x   12 f '  3 x   9 f '  9 x   0 
n 1/ n  lim  fo rm 
1/ n   4  x 0 2x  0 
lim  4n  5n   lim 5 1     5
n  
  5
n 
 3 f "  x   36 f "  3x   81 f "  9 x 
 lim
  4 n 
x0 2
   0 as n    3 f "  0   36 f "  0   81 f "  0 
 5  
2
5n 1  3n  22 n
W.E-2 : lim
n  5n  2 n  32 n  3
is equal to  24 f "  0   24  5   120
Some useful results:
5n1  3n  22n 5.5n  3n  4n
Sol: lim n  lim  Let S  {x,sin x, tan x,sinh x, tanh x,sin 1 x,
n  5  2 n  32 n  3 n  5n  2 n  27.9 n

tan 1 x, sinh 1 x, tanh 1 x}

5n 3n 4n
5. n  n  n f ( mx ) m
 lim 9n 9 9  000  0 If f ( x), g ( x)  S then Lt g ( nx )  n , .
n  5 2n 0  0  27 x0
  27
n
9 9 n
If f1  x  , f2  x  , g1  x  , g 2  x   S then
1 1 f1  mx   f 2  nx  m  n
 lim sin    lim cos    Does not exist Lt 
x 0
 x  x 0  x x  0 g  px   g  qx  pq
1 2
1 1
 lim x sin    lim x cos    0
x 0
 x  x 0 x sin ax a

1  cos ax a 2
 Lt , Lt 
x  o tan bx b x0 x2 2
L’Hospital’s Rule:
sin 7 x  sin 5 x 7  5
f  x 0  W.E-4 : Lt  4
 If Lim
x a g  x  is of the form or then x 0 tan 5 x  tan 2 x 52
0 
f x f 1  x  If f1  x  , f 2  x  , g1  x  , g 2  x   S and
Lim  Lim 1 . m + n = p + q then
x a g  x  xa g  x 
f1m  ax  f 2 n  bx  a m b n
f 1  x 0  Lt p q
 p q
If Lim is of the form or then x  0 g1  cx  g 2  dx  c d
x a g1  x  0 
f x f 11  x  sin 3 2 x tan 2 3 x 23  32 9
Lim  Lim 11 W.E-5 : Lt  
x a g  x  x a g  x  x 0 x sin 4 4 x 44 32

f 11  x  0   If g1  x  , g 2  x   S then
If Lim is of the form or then
x ag11  x  0  1  cos ax a2
This can be continued till we finally arrive at Lt 
x  0 g1  cx  g 2  dx  2cd
a determinate result.
3
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

1  cos x 1
W.E-6 : Lt  1  x2  1  x2
x  0 x sin 3 x 6 W.E-13: Lt 1
x 0 x2
 If g1  x  , g 2  x   S then
n
a  x m  n a  x m 2 1n 1
1  cos n  ax  na 2  Lt  a
Lt  x 0 xm n
x 0 g1  cx  g 2  dx  2cd
1
1  cos3 2 x 3  22 6 ax ax 1 1
  W.E-14 : Lt  a2 
W.E-7 : Lt x a
x 0 sin 5 x tan 7 x 2  5  7 35 x 0

 If g1  x  , g2  x  ,............., g2n  x   S then ax  ax 1

 If g ( x )  S then Lt 
1  cos  ax
g ( x) a
n
 a2
x 0

Lt g  c x  .g  c x  ........g c x   2c c ........c
x 0 1 1 2 2 2n 2n 1 2 2n
3 x  3 x 1
W.E-15 : Lt 
1  cos  2 x3  4 1 x 0 sin x 3
W.E-8: Lt 2 3
 2 3

x  0 x sin  2 x  tan  3 x  2  2  3 54
ax  a 1
 If g1  x  , g 2  x   S then  If g ( x )  S then Lt 
x 0 g ( x) 2 a
2 2
cos ax  cos bx b  a
Lt  2 x  2 1
x0 f  cx  g  dx  2 cd W.E-16 : Lt 
x 0 x 2 2
cos 3 x  cos 5 x 25  9
W.E-9 : Lt  8
x0 x2 2 x.a x  x 2
 If g1  x  , g 2  x   S then  Lt 1  cos mx  m 2 log a
x 0  
cos n ax  cos n bx n  b  a 
2 2

Lt  x.2 3 x  x 23 2
x  0 g 1  cx  . g 2  dx  2 cd W.E-17: Lt 1  cos 3 x  32 log 2  3 log 2
x 0  
cos3 3x  cos3 5 x 3  25  9 
W.E-10 : Lt   24 lim f ( x)  1 and lim g ( x)   then
x 0 x2 2  x a xa

 If g1  x  , g2  x  ,............., g 2n  x   S then g ( x) lim g ( x ) f ( x ) 1

lim  f ( x)  e xa
x a
cos  ax n   cos  bx n  b2  a 2
Lt g c x .g c x ....... g c x  2/ x
1 1  2 2  2n  2n 
x0 2c1c2 ........c2 n
W.E-18 : If lim
x 0
1  ax  bx2   e3 , then the
cos  2x3   cos  5x3  25  4 7 7
W.E-11: Lt    values of a and b are
2 3 2 3
x0 x sin  2x tan  3x 2 2  3 18 4 72 2/ x

 If g1  x   S then
Sol: Let lim
x 0
1  ax  bx2  is of the form 1

tan n  ax   sin n  ax  na n  2
Lt n2
 
lim 1  a x  b x 2  1 .  2x lim 2 a  2 b x 
x 0  g ( x ) 2 e x 0
 e x 0

tan x  sin x 1  e2 a  e3 ( given)  a  3 / 2 and b  R

W.E-12: Lt 
x0 x3 2
 lim f ( x)  0 and lim g ( x)  0 , then
xa x a
1  x n  1  xn
 Lt 1 lim g ( x ) log f ( x )
x 0 xn lim[ f ( x)]g ( x )  e xa ( f ( x)  0 )
x a

4
JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS
1
W.E-19: Lt
1  x 
2 log(1 x ) =  x 2 x3 x 4 
x 1
v) loge (1  x)    x     ... 
 2 3 4 
 log 1  x   log 1  x  
lim log 1 x 
2
lim  
Sol : x1 log 1 x  x 1 
 log 1  x   x3 x 5
e e vi) sin x  x    ....
3! 5!
lim  log 1  x   x2 x4
 e x1 1    e1 0  e vii) cos x  1    .....
 log 1  x   2! 4!
1
x3 2 x 5
viii) tan x  x   .....
 a1x  a2x  a3x  ...  anx  x 1
3 15
 lim     a1.a2 ...a n  n
x 0
 n  1 1 x 3 1 3 x5
ix) sin x  x  .  . .  .....
x 2 3 2 4 5
 1x 1 1 1

lim  a1  a2x  a3x  ...  anx  1
  a1 .a2 ...a n  n 1 x3 x 5
 x   n  x) tan x  x    .....
  3 5
1
 ex 
1/ x
 1  x  x e
2 
x 2x 3x
2 2 2 
W.E-20 : Evaluate lim   Lim  2 
x 0
 3  W.E-22: Evaluate x 0 sin x
 
 
1/ x
 2 x  2 2 x  23 x 
Sol: lim     2.4.8 
1/ 3
=4 1/ x ex
x 0
 3  1  x  e
Sol : Lt 2
n x 0 sin 2 x
W.E-21 : lim  cos x  m sin ax   e x
amn
x 0 1/ x ex
1  x  e 2
 Lt 2 . x 
0, 0  a  1  2 
x 0 x2  sin x 
1, a  1
x 
lim a   1/ x ex
 x
 , a  1 1  x  e
 Lt 2 .1
 does not exists , a  0 x 0 sin 2 x
 x 11 2  ex
Some frequently used expansions: e 1   x ....  e 
2 24 2  11e .
 i) (1  x) p   Lt  
x 0 x2 24
p( p  1) 2 p( p  1)( p  2) 3  x3 
1  px  x  x  ... , sin x  x 
2! 3!  
W.E-23: Find Lt  6 .
if x  1 x 0 x5

x x x2 x3  x3 
ii) e  1     ...  sin x  x  
1! 2! 3! 6
Sol : Lt 
x 0 x5
x x x2 2
iii) a  1  .log e a   loge a   ...  x 3 x5 x 7  x3
1! 2!
 x     .....   x 
3! 5! 7! 6
x2 x3 x 4  Lt  5

iv) loge (1  x)  x     ... x 0 x
2 3 4

5
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

 x5 x7  Sol: According to the equation,

   ..... 
5! 7!  x2   x3 
 Lt  5

lim  3    lim f  x   lim  3  
x 0 x x 0
 12  x 0 x0
 9 
2
 Lt ( 1  x  terms containing positive   3  0   lim f  x    3  0 
x 0 x 0
5! 7!
integral powers of x) Hence, lim f  x   3
x 0
1 1
=  . 1 x    2k x   .....  n k x 
k
x
5! 120  Lt k 1
 k  N 
n  n k 1
 3  n  1  3  n 1 
2 2
W.E-24:The value of lim
n   is
  x   2 x  .... nx   x
W.E-26: Show that Lt .
n  n2 2
lim  3  n  1  3  n  1 
2 2
Sol: 
n    Sol : For r=1,2,3.....n, r.x  1   rx   rx
 1  2 / 3  1  2 / 3 
 lim n 2 / 3  1     1    n n n
n 
 n   n      rx  1    rx     rx 
r 1 r 1 r 1
 22  
 2 1   1 1  n  n  1 x n
3 2   n   rx  n n  1 x
 lim n 2 / 3  1  .   ....   
n   3 n 2! n2   2  r 1 2 
2
  n n 2n 2
 
n
 22  
 2 1 3  3  1 1    1  x 1    rx  1x
 1  .    ....   r 1
 Lt  1      Lt 2
 Lt 1  
 3 n 2! n2   n 
  n  2 n  n n n 
 n2
 
 
4 1 8 1  (Note that x is a constant and n is a
 lim n 2 / 3  .  . 3  .... variable)
n 
 3 n 81 n 
4 1 8 1  x 1.x   2.3  .....   n.x   x
 lim
n  3 . n1/3  81. n7/ 3  ....  0
  Lt
  2 n n2 2
 By sandwich theorem,
Sandwich theorem or Squeezeprinciple:
 If f, g , h ar e fu nction s s u ch that Lt
1x   2 x  .... nx   x
.
n  n2 2
f  x  g  x  h x
LEVEL - I (C.W)
then xLt f  x   Lt g  x   Lt h  x  and
a xa xa EVALUATION OF ALGEBRA OF
LIMITS
Lt f  x   Lt h  x   l then Lt g  x   l
x a x a x a
K
1  x 1
x 2
x 3 1. L im ( K is a positive integer )
W.E-25: If 3   f  x   3  for all x  0 , x 0 x
12 9
1 1
1) K 2)  K 3) 4) 
then the value of lim f  x  is K K
x 0

6
JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

 2 x  3  x 1 EVALUATION OF LEFT &

2. L im RIGHT HAND LIMITS
x1 2 x2  x  3
sin x
1 1 2 2 11. Lx im 
1) 2)  3) 4)  0
x2
10 10 5 5
1) 1 2) -1 3)0 4) doesn’t exist
3
1  sin x  3 1  sin x  [ x]3  x   3
3. L im =
x 0 x 12. x 2  3   3   is (where [ ] is g.i.f)
lim
   
2 3
1) 0 2) 1 3) 4) 64 8 10
3 2 1) 0 2) 3) 4)
k k
x 5 27 3 3
4. If Lim  500 , then the positive
13. If f : R  R is defined by (where [ ] is
x5 x  5

g . i. f ) f  x    x  3  x  4 f o r x  R
integral value of k is
then xlim f  x  [EAM- 2008]
3
1) 3 2) 4 3) 5 4) 6 1) -2 2) -1 3) 0 4) 2.
x2  1  x  1 EVALUATION OF
5. Lim  TRIGONOMETRIC LIMITS
x 1
x2  1
1 1 1 1 e x  esin x
1) 1 2) 1  2 3) 1  4) 1  2 14. lim  [ EAMCET 2007 ]
2 2 x 0 2( x  sin x)
a x  xa 1) -1/2 2) 1/2 3)1 4) 3/2
6. If a > 0 and Lxim  1 then a =
a x x  aa 1  cos3 x
15. Lx im 
0 x sin 2 x
1) 0 2) 1 3) e 4) 2e 1) 1/2 2) 3/2 3)3/4 4)1/4
 x 
7. L im

x 1  1  x2  =
im 1  x  Tan 
16. Lx1
 2 

x 0

1  x 2 sin 1  x 
3
 1)  2) 2 3)

4)
2
2 
1 1
1) 1 2) 3)  4) -1 3sin x  3 cos x
2 2
17. Lx im
 6x  

 cos 4 x  a cos 2 x  b 
8. If lim   is finite then
6
x 0
 x4  1 1
the value of a, b respectively 1) 3 2) 3)  3 4) 
3 3
1) 5 2) -5,-4 3) -4,3 4) 4,5 cot x  cos x
L im 3


18. x  
  x   2
  x
9. lim  sec   log x  is 2 
x1
  2  
1 1
2  2  1) 2) 3) 2 4) -2
1)  2)  3) 4) 2 2
 2  2
sec 4 x  sec 2 x
2
1  x  1 x  x 2
19. Lx im
0 sec 3 x  sec x

10. lim = (Eamcet2014)
x 0 3x  1 3 2 1 3
1 1 1) 2) 3) 4)
1) log9 2) 3) log 3 4) 2 3 3 4
log 9 log 3
7
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

3sin  x g   sin  3 x g   2 1 

20. L im 3
  x sin  x   x 
x 0 x L im    
3 3 28. x  1 | x | 
         
1)   2) 4   3) 4)  
 200   200  200 100
1) 0 2) 1 3) – 1 4) 2
sin  cos 2 x  1
21. lim = (MAINS-2014) 29. If o  h  q then lim  q n  h
x 0 x2 n

n n

 1) e 2) h 3) q 4) 0
1)  2)  3) 4) 1
2 30. Lim
x 
sin x  1  sin x  
EVALUATION OF EXPONENTIAL & 1) 2 2) -2 3) 0 4) 1
LOGARITHEMIC LIMITS
   
log 1  x  31. Lx 
im x cos   sin   
22. Lim log   8x   8x 
x 0 x
1) 0 2) 1 3) e 4) 1/e   
1)  2) 3) 4)
2 8 4
2 x  23 x  6
23. The value of lim is 32. Lim  x 2  ax  a 2  x2  a2 =
x 2
2 x  21 x x 

1) 16 2) 8 3) 4 4) 2 a a
1) 0 2) 3) - 4) a
e x  sin x  1 2 2
L
24. x 0 log 1  x 
im x  log x
  33. Lim =
x  x  log x
1 2
1) 1 2) 3) 4) 2 1) 1 2) -1 3) 0 4) 2
3 3 x x
a a
10 x  2 x  5x  1 34. For a>1 then Lim =
25. lim is
x 
a x  a x
x 0 x tan x 1) 1 2) 1/2 3) 1/3 4) 1/15
log 2 2 x  7 sin x
1) log 2 2) 35. Lim 
log 5 x   4 x  3 cos x

3) (log 2)(log 5) 4) log10 1) 1 2) -1 3) 1/2 4) -1/2

8 x  3x
LIMITS OF THE FORM TENDS 36. Lim
x  3 x  2 x
=
TO INFINITE
1
 1 1 1) 11 2) 8 3) 0 4)
26. Lim    8
n a  a  d   a  d  a  2 d 

10 10 10

1  37. Lim ( x  1)  ( x  2)  .....  ( x  100) =

 ..... to n terms   a  0, d  0  x 
x10  1010
 a  2 d  a  3 d   1) 10 2) 100 3) 1000 4) 1
n 1 n 1
1 1 a 1 3.2  4.5
1) 2) 3) 4) 38. Lim 
a d d ad n  5.2n  7.5n
1 1 1 1)  20 7 2) 20/7 3)10/7 4) –10/7
1
  ....  n
2 4 2 1  n  n  1 
27. nLim
 1 1 1 = 39. Lim
n3
1  3  6  ........... 
2 

1    ....  n n  
3 9 3
1 1
1) 4/3 2) 3/4 3) 1/2 4) 0 1) 0 2) 2 3) 4)
6 3
8
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS
LIMIT OF THE FORM 00 ,1 ,0 PROBLEMS USING SANDWICH
tan 
 x  THEOREM
40. Lim
x 1 (2  x )
 2 

=
2
1 2 2 49. Lim x 3 cos 
1) e  2) e  3) - e  4) e x 0 x
1) 0 2) 1 3)  4) does not exist
41. Lt Sinx tan x
=
x 0   n n n n 
2 50. Lim  2  2  2  ...  2 
1) e 2) e 3) -1 4) 1 n  n  1 n 2 n 3 n n

im( n)2 / n  1) 0 2) 1 3)  4) does not exist
42. Ln
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 3 LEVEL-I (C.W)-KEY
x
 a1 x  b1 x  c1 x  01) 3 02) 2 03) 3 04) 2 05) 1 06) 2
43. Lim   = (where a,b,c are
x   3 07) 2 08) 3 09) 1 10) 2 11) 4 12) 3
 
real and non-zero) [ EAMCET 1998] 13) 3 14) 2 15) 3 16) 4 17) 2 18) 2
19) 1 20) 2 21 2 22) 1 23) 2 24) 4
1) 0 2) abc1 3 3) abc 1 3 4) 1 25) 3 26) 4 27) 1 28) 1 29) 3 30) 3
n 31) 3 32) 2 33) 1 34) 1 35) 3 36) 1
  a 
44. Ln
im  1  sin     37) 2 38) 1 39) 3 40) 2 41) 4 42) 2
  n  43) 2 44) 2 45) 1 46) 2 47) 3 48) 3
1) e 2) e a 3) a e 4) a 49) 1 50) 2
[Link]
LEVEL-I (C.W)-HINTS
1
f  x  3 1. Using L-Hospital rule
45. If f  9   9, f  9   4, Lx im 
9 x 3 2. Given limit

1 1 1  2x 3  
x 1  1  1
1) 4 2) 3) 4)  lim

4 2 2 x0
 x 1  x 1  2x 3 2 5 10
46. If f  a  2, f 1  a 1, g  a 1, g1  a  2, then
3. Using L-Hospital rule
g  x f  a  g a  f  x
L im  lim x p  a p p p q
x a xa 4. Using x a  a
xq  aq q
1 1
1) 2) 5 3)  4) -5 x2 1  x 1  x 1  x 1  x 1 2 1
5 5 5.
lim
x1 lim
x1 
2
x 1  x 1 x 1 2
1
f  x   f 1
47. If f  x   xTan x then Lt  6. Use L-Hospital rule
x 1 x 1
(Eamcet-2014) d x d a
dx
 a   a x log a ,
dx
 x   a.x a 1
  1  2  3
1) 2) 3) 4) d x
4 4 4 4  x   x x 1  log x 
dx
PROBLEMS USING EXPANSIONS 7. On rationalising given limit
1  cos x cos 2 x cos 3 x x3 1
48. xLt = = lim .
0 sin 2 2 x 1 3
[sin ( x )] 1  1  x 2
x 0

3 5 7 9 8. By L-Hospital rule
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 4 2
9
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

 x  s in    s in 2 x 
9. lim sec   log x  21. li m
x 1
  2   x 0 x2
1
log x  0 22. lim(1  x ) x  e
 lim   x 0
x1 x  0
cos    
 2 2 x  23 x  6
23. lim
x 2
2 x  21 x
1
x 1 2 (2 x ) 2  6.2 x  23
 lim     lim
x 1  x     
 sin  . sin
x2
2x  2
 2  2 2 2
[Multiplying N r and D r by 2 x ]
10. On rationilising
 lim(2 x  2)( 2 x  2)  (22  2)(2  2)  8
lim sin x x 2
11. x 0 x  does not exist
12. For 24.
x  2  x
x  (2, 3),[ x]  2,   ,1     0
3  3  3
25. lim
5 x
 1  2 x  1
 [ x ]3  x  3  1 3 x 0 x tan x
8
 lim       (2)  (0)3 
x 2  3 3  3 3 1 1 1 1 1
 26. nlim  a  a  d  a  d  a  2d  ....
13. Definition of step function
 d

esin x  e x sin x  1 1 1 1 
  
14. xlim a   n  1 d a  nd 
0 2  x  sin x  2
15. Given limit is 27. Given limit (if r < 1 then sum of terms in G.P

 2
 1 rn 
lim 1  cos x  1  cos x  cos x  3 a
is  
x0
x sin 2 x 4  1 r 

lim 1  x  
2 lim 1

2  1 1 
x1
x 
x 1
 x   1  2  4  ...    4
16.  cos ec 2  lim 
cot    = n  1 1
 2   2   1    ...    3
17. By L-Hospital rule  3 9 
28. Divide with x
sin   sin  
 sin     1  cos   29. Taking q n common
lim cos  3  Lim  cos    30. Using the formula sinC- sinD and
18.  0  2
    
 0 
sinx is bounded
 
   
sec 4 x  sec 2 x 42  2 2 3 x.2sin   cos  
19. lim  2 2  31. lim  8x   8x 
x 0 sec 3 x  sec x 3 1 2 x  2
  
 sin 3  x 3     
 200   4    [Link]    
20. lim    4x    4 
x0  lim
x3  200  x  2 2
10
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS
32. Rationalising 2
33. Use L-Hospital rule where Lim x 3 cos
 0 (or) 0 finite number
x 0 x
34. Divide with a x between -1 and +1 = 0
35. Divide with x 50. Use Sandwich Theorem

36. LEVEL-I - (H.W)

37. Divide with x10 EVALUATION OF ALGEBRA OF
38. Taking 5n common and simplify LIMITS
n2  n 5 5
39. Given limit is  x8  a8
2n3 1. L im 1 1

x a
3 3
x
lim
x 1
1 x 
 x
x a
 x  lim tan    2  x 1 cot 
40. lim  2  x 
tan 
 2 

e x 1  2 
e  2 


x1
15 247 15 7 15 7 15  247
and using L hospital rule. 1) a 2) a 24 3)  a 24 4) a
8 4 8 4
lim tan x tan x log  sin x 
41.  sin x  lim
x 0 e  e0  1
x 0
7 x 2  11x  6
42. apply log on both sides 2. L im 
x 2 3x 2  x  10
43. (abc)1/3
17 11 17 17
lim  a  1) 2) 3) 4) 
n 1  sin    1  e a 11 17 14 11
44. e
n 

 n 
1 1 1
. f ' x m m
2 f  x f ' 9 4 (1  x)  (1  x)
lim
  9  3  4 3. L im 1 1

45. x 9
1 f 9 3 x 0
n n
(1  x)  (1  x)
2 x
mn n m
46. f  a   2, f '  a   1, g  a   1, g '  a   2 1) 1 2) 3) 4)
mn m n

lim g  x f a  g a f  x  4  x  3 8  3x

xa 4. L im =
xa x 0 x
By L  H R ule
1 1
 g ' a f a   g  a  f ' a 1)  2) 3) -3 4) 0
2 2
  2  2    11  5
47. Find f 1  x  use L.H. Rule 1  Tanx  1  Tanx
5. L im =
 x 2  4 x 2  9 x 2  x 0 sin x
1   1   1   1  
48. lim  2  2  2  7 1
 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4)
x 0 4 x2 4 2
2 2 x 1
49. 1  cos  1   x3  x3 cos  x 3 for x  0 L im 
x x 6. x1
x2  3  2
3 3 2
and x  x cos   x3 for x  0 . 1) -2 2) 1/2 3) 2 4) 0
x

11
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

x2 x3 1  cos 2 x 
7. If 7   f  x   7  for all x  0, 15. Lx im 
12 5 0 x2
2 2
then Lx im f  x      
0
1) 0 2) 1 3)   4) 2. 
1) 3 2) 5 3) 7 4) 9  180   180 
EVALUATION OF LEFT & RIGHT 1  cos x
HAND LIMITS 16. lim 
x 0 x log(1  x)
 x2 1
 , if 0  x  1 1) 1 2) 0 3) -1 4)
f ( x)   2 2
8. If  2 x 2  2 x  3 , if 1  x  2
 2 1   x2    x2  
Lt
17. x 0 x8 1  cos    1  cos  
  2    4 
then lim f ( x) 
x 1

1) 1/2 2) 3/2 3) does not exist 4)-1/2 1 1 2 2

1) 2) 3) 4)
8 82 83 84
sin[cos x ]
9. lim is (where [ ] is g.i.f)
1  [cos x]
x 0 1  cot 3 x
18. Lt 
1) 1 2) 0 3) does not exist 4) 2 x
 2  cot x  cot 3 x
4
EVALUATION OF
TRIGONOMETRIC LIMITS 11 3 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 0
 sec ax  sec bx  4 4 2
10. Lim   EVALUATION OF EXPONENTIAL &
x 0
 x2 
LOGARITHEMIC LIMITS
a 2  b2 b2  a 2
1) 2) 3) 0 4) 1 lo g e 1  x 
2 2 19. L im 
x 0 3x  1
cos x  sin x
L im  1) loge3 2) 0 3) 1 4) log 3e
11. x
   
4   x   cos x  sin x  e x  e  x
4  20. Lx im 
0 sin  x  sin  x
1) 2 2) 1 3) 0 4) 3
1) 0 2) 1/2 3) 1/3 4) 1
   
sin x sin   x  sin   x  e2 x  1
12. L im  3   3  21. Lx im 
x 0 x
0 3x
1) 2/3 2) 6 3) 3/2 4) 1/6
3 1 4
1) 2) 3) 4) 0 log 1  ax   log 1  bx 
4 4 3 22. Lx im 
0 x
1  cos 2 x  sin 5 x 
13. Lx im 1) a  b 2) a  b 3)   a  b  4) ab
0 x 2 sin 3x
1) 10/3 2) 3/10 3) 6/5 4) 56 4x  9x
23. Lim 
sin 2  x  5  tan  x  5  x 0 
x 4x  9x 
14. Lxim 
5
x 2
 25   x  5
3 2 4
1) 1 2) 1/10 3) 0 4)-6 1) log   2) log   3) log   4) log 2
2 3 3

12
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

ax 1 3)   1,   any real constant

24. L im 
x 0 bx 1 4)     1
1) log b a 2) log a b xb
xa
34. Lim  
a x   x  b 
3) loge ab 4) log e  
b 1) 1 2) e b-a 3) e a-b 4) e b
LIMITS OF THE FORM TENDS TO 35. Lim
x  (1  4 tan x )
cot x
=
INFINITE
1) e 2) e 4 3) e 1 4) e 4
25. Lim
x  2 x x 1  x =
2
 x2
1) 1 2) 1/2 3) 0 4) -1  x 2 1
36. Lim   =
7 x   x 2  1 
x7  1  5 x5  2  9 x9  2  
26. Lx 
im
6

x6  1  5 x5  1  4 x4  4 1) e 2) 1/e 3) e 2 4) e  2
1) 3 2) – 3 3) 1/3 4) –1/3 x 1
 a   3x  4  3

27.
x
Lt 5 sin  x   37. Lim
x    =
x  5   3x  2 
1) 1 2) a 3)  4) not defined 1) e  2 / 3 2) e3 / 2 3) e 2 / 3 4) e
1
n  1 
2 1  
28. nLim

1 = 38. Lim
x 1 x
 1 x2  =
n
2 1
1 2 3
1 1) e  2 2) e 3 3) e  2 4) e
1) 1 2) 3) -1 4) 0
2  1 x 
 
(1  2  3  ......  n terms )(12  22  ......nterms )  1  x  1 x 
29. L im
n  n(13  23  .....  nterms)
 39. Lim   
x 1
 2 x 
3 2
1) 2) 3) 1 4) 0 2 2 2 2
2 3 1) 2) 3) 4)
3 3 3 3
 1 1 1 
30. nLim    ....  
  1.3
 3.5 2n  12n  1  = [Link]
1 1 1 f  x   f 1
1) 1 2) 3) 4) 40. If f  x   x 2  x  1, then L im 
x 1 x 1
2 3 4
1) 3 2) 0 3) -1 4) 2
1  3  5  .....  (2n  1)
31. nLim

= 2 2
41. f(x) = x ,  ( a)  b , f '(a)  n '(a ) and
2  4  6  ....  2n
1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) 5
 f ( x)  a 
n  2 !n  1!  '  a   0 then Lxim 
a 
 =
32. nLim
 n  3! =   ( x)  b 
1) 1 2) 1/2 3) 0 4) .2 b nb a na
1) 2) 3) 4)
a a b b
LIMIT OF THE FORM 00 ,1 ,0
 2  h  cos  2  h   2 cos 2 
2x 42. Lhim
   2 0 h
33. If xLt  1   2   e then

 x x  1) cos 2  2sin 2 2) cos 2  2sin 2
1)   1,   2 2)   2,   1 3) sin 2  2 cos 2 4) sin 2  2 cos 2
13
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

43. Let f  x   3x10  7 x8  5 x 6  21x3  3x 2  7, 1 1

1 1 1
1

lim m
1  x  m  1  x  m
n
m
f 1  h   f 1 x0 1 1

then the value of Lt is 1 1 1 1 m
h 0 h3  3h 1  x  n  1  x  n
n n
50 22 53 4. Using L-Hospital rule
1)  2) 3) 13 4)
3 3 3 5. Using L-Hospital rule
6. On rationalizing given limit is
PROBLEMS USING EXPANSIONS
log 1  x   x lim
 x  1  x2  3  2   2
44. Lt 2
 x1 2
x0 x x 1
1 1 1 1 7. On applying limit 7 lim
x 0 f  x   7
1) 2)  3) 4) 
2 2 3 3
lim
x 0 f  x   7
PROBLEMS USING SANDWICH
THEOREM 8. lim f  x   lim f  x 
x  1 x  1

 9. lim[cos x]  lim[cos(0  h)]  lim[cosh]  0

45. Lx im x 2 sin  x 0 h 0 h 0
0 x ( As h  0, cosh  1)
1) 1 2) 0 3) does not exist 4) 
sin(cos x) 0
x 2  2  sin 2 x   lim
x  0 1  [cos x]
 0
46. Lim  1 0
x  x  100 10. Use L-H rule
1) 0 2) 1 3)  4) does not exist
 
x b  tan   x 
47. Lim
x 0 a  x 
 a  0  [where [ ] denotes the lim 4  1
  11. Given limit is x  
G.I.F.) is equal to 4 x
4
b b
1) a 2) b 3) 4) 1  lim 1/ 4  sin 3x  3
a a 12. Given limit is x0
LEVEL-I (H.W)-KEY x 4

01) 1 02) 1 03) 3 04) 4 05) 2 06) 1 2sin 2 x sin 5 x 10

13. Given limit is 
07) 3 08) 3 09) 2 10) 1 11) 2 12) 1 x 2 sin 3x 3
13) 1 14) 3 15) 4 16) 4 17) 3 18) 2 14. Given limit is
19) 4 20) 4 21) 1 22) 2 23) 2 24) 1 lim sin 2  x  5 lim tan  x  5 
25) 1 26) 1 27) 2 28) 4 29) 2 30) 2  x 5 0 2 x 5 0
 x  5  x  5
31) 2 32) 3 33) 3 34) 3 35) 4 36) 3
37) 1 38) 1 39) 2 40) 1 41) 2 42) 1  
43) 4 44) 2 45) 2 46) 3 47) 3 2sin 2   x   2
15. Given limit lim  180    
x0 2
 2 
LEVEL-I (H.W)-HINTS x  180 
16. Given limit is
lim x p  a p p p q
1. Using x a  a 2
xq  aq q  sin x / 2 
lim
2
2sin x / 2 1  x 0
14 x  11 17   x/2   1
2. Using L-Hospital rule  lim  x log 1  x  2 lim log 1  x 1x 2
x 2 6 x  1 11 x 0  
3. Using L-Hospital rule
14
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

 x2 
2 33. Given limit is
2        
17. 1  cos  x    2  lim 1  2 1.2 x
 e x  x x 
 e2
lim    .2
 e x  x
 e2
 2 2
 e 2  e 2    1,   R
2
 x2   xa 
  34. Given limit  e xlim

( xb) 1
 xb 
 x2  4
1  cos      cot x
 4 2 35. lim 1 4tan x
x
 limcot
x
x 1 4tan x 1  e4
e

x 4 x4
.
1 36.
Lt 8 832 
x0 x 256
18. Use LH Rule
19. Use L-Hospital rule
37.
20. Use L-Hospital rule
21. Use L-Hospital rule
22. Use L-Hospital rule
38.

23. Lt
4 x
 1   9  1 
x


1 39. Use factorisation in power.
x 0 x 4  9 x 
x

f  x   f 1
2 lim
 4x  1   9x 1  40. f  x   x  x  1  x 1
Lt    Lt   x 1

x 0
 x  x0  x 
Lt (4 x  9 x )   f '  x   x 1  3
x 0
41. By L- Hospital rule
24. Use L-Hospital rule
25. Rationalising 1
f ' x
26. Divide with x in Nr and Dr Given limit = 2 f  x nb
lim
x a 
1 a
a
sin  x  . '  x 
lim 5  a  a 2   x
x
27. a
 x
5  42. By L = Hospital
28. Divide with 21/ n lim
 2  h    sin  2  h   cos  2  h 
x 0
1
n.n 2 2
29. Given limit  lim   2sin 2  cos 2
n  n.n3 3 43. Use LH Rule
30. Given limit 44. use log ( 1+x) expansion
1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 
 lim      ...    45. lim x 2 sin 0
2 n 
1 3 3 5 (2n  1) (2n  1)  2 x 0 x
46. Use Sandwich theorem (or) divide by x 2
 2n  1
31. Given limit = lim b b  b
n
 2n 47. 1    
32. Divide with  n  1! x x x

15
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

LEVEL-II - (C.W) x2  7 x  12
8. Lt  x  [ x]
 [where [ ] denotes G.I.F.]
EVALUATION OF ALGEBRA OF x4
LIMITS 1) 1 2) 0 3) 2 4) does not exists
 200 K  9. If f : R  R defined by
  x   200
1. Lim  K 1    x2
x1 x 1  x 2  3x  2 if x  R  1, 2
1) 5050 2) 1000 3) 2010 4) 20100 
f  x   2 if x 1
a  2 x  3x 1 if x2
2. Lt = 
x a
3a  x  2 x 
2 1 1 2
1) 2)  3) 4) f  x   f  2
3 3 3 3 3 then Lx im 
2
2 x2
3. Let  and  be the roots of ax +bx+c=0,
1) 0 2) -1 3) 1 4) 1/ 2
1  cos( ax 2  bx  c )
then Lt = 1
x  ( x  ) 2 (1  cos x )
2
10. Lt 
a 2 (   ) 2 a2 x
x o
1) 2) 2 (   ) 2
2 1) 1 2) –1 3) 0 4) does not exist
a 2
a 2
EVALUATION OF
3) (    ) 2 4)  2 (    ) 2 TRIGONOMETRIC LIMITS
sin x, x  n , n  Z 1  2 xy 
4. If f ( x)   and 11. I f y  sin 1  2 2  a nd yx t h en
 2, otherwise 2 x y 
 x 2  1, x  0, 2 lim x 
y 0

g ( x)   4, x0 lim g [ f ( x )]  1) -1 2) 0 3) 1 4) 
then
 5, x2
x0
 2  cosx  sinx
Lt
1) 2 2) 4 3) 5 4) 1 12. x
 2 =
4 4 x   
y y  xx 1 1 1 1
5. lim  1) 2) 3) 4)
yx y  x
16 2 32 2 16 8
1) xy x 1 2) x x (1  log x) 3) y.x y 1 4) xy Secx  1
13. xLt =
 x2  1 
0 x ( Secx  1) 2
2

6. lim
If x   ax  b   2 , then 1) 1/8 2) 1/4 3) 2 4) 0
 x 1 
1) a  1 and b   3 2) a  1 and b  2  1  1
14. Lim 
x  0  sin 2 x
 
3) a  0 and b   1 4) a  2 and b  1 sinh 2 x 
EVALUATION OF LEFT & RIGHT 1) 2 3 2) 0 3) 13 4)  2 3
HAND LIMITS
7. Let {x} denote the fractional part of x . EVALUATION OF EXPONENTIAL &
LOGARITHMIC LIMITS
{x}
Then lim is equal to 15. Lt x[log(x+1)-logx]=
x 0tan{x} x 
1) -1 2) 0 3) 1 4) Does not exist 1) e 2 2) e 3)1 4) 1/e
16
JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

27 x  9 x  3x  1 sin x
16. Lim   sin x  x  sin x
x 0 2  1  cos x 26. L im   
x 0
 x 
1) 0 2) 8 2 (log3) 2 3) 8 (log3) 2 4)1
1) e 2) e 2 3) e 3 4) 1/e
17. xLt


x ax bx 
1 1
 1

1) 1 2) log e a/b 3) log e (ab) 4) 0 27. If lim 1  x ln(1  b 2 )   2b sin 2  , b  0

x
x 0

LIMITS OF THE FORM TENDS TO and     ,   then the value of  is

INFINITE
18. The value of    
1)  2)  3)  4) 
6 3 8 2
1.2  2.3  3.4  ...  n.( n  1)
Lim is log x 3
n  n3 28. lim  log3 3x  
x 1
1) 1 2) -1 3)1/3 4) -1/3
19. If |x|<1, then 1) e1 2) e 3) -1 4) 1
29. If p and q are the roots of the quadratic
Lt 1  x  1  x 1  x  .....1  x  
2 4 2n
n  eq ua t io n ax 2  bx  c  0 t h en
1 1 1 1 1
1)
x
2)
1 x
3)
1 x
4)
x 1 lim 1  ax 2  bx  c  x  p 
x p

2.3n 1  3.5n 1
Lt 1) a( p  q) 2) log  a( p  q)
20. n =
2 .3 n  3 .5 n 3) 4)
ea ( p  q ) ea ( q  p )
1) 5 2) 1/5 3) -5 4) 0 x
1 2  x2  5x  3 
21. lim 1  (12  22 )  ...  (12  22  ...  n2 )  30. xLt   =
n  n4    x 2  x  2 
 
1) 1/6 2) 1/16 3) 1/12 4) 0 1) e 4
2) e 3
3) e 2 4) 2 4
nP x
n  x  a 1 
22. Lt n 1 P n

31. Lim     sin  is equal to
n  n 1  P n x 
 x  1  x 
1) 2 2) –1 3) 0 4) 
1) ea 1 2) e1 a 3) e 4) 0
a x  b  1
23. I f a  0 , lim is [ where [ . ]   x
x  x 32. lim  tan (  x )  
x 0
 4 
denotes G.I.F]
1) e 2) e 2 3) e -1 4) e -2
1) 0 2) 1 3) a 4) b
2x

LIMIT OF THE FORM 00 ,1 ,0    4

33. lim  1   2   e then  = (   R )
x 
 x x 
1 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
 1x  2 x  3x  ...  n x  x
24. lim    [Link]
x 0
 n  34. A function f : R  R is such that f (1)  3
1) (n !) n 2) (n !)1/ n 3) n ! 4) ln n ! and f '(1)  6 . Then
1 1/ x
25. xLt
0 cos x Sinx
=  f (1  x) 
lim   
1)1 2) -1 3) 0 4) 3
x 0
 f (1) 
1) 1 2) e 2 3) e1/ 2 4) e3

17
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV
PROBLEMS USING EXPANSIONS f  2x
35. T he int eg er n for wh ich lim  [AIEEE 2010]
x  f  x
 cos x  1  cos x  e x 
lim is a finite non- 2 3
x 0 xn 1) 2) 3) 3 4) 1
3 2
zero number is
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 LEVEL-II (C.W)-KEY
36. The values of a,b, and c such that 1) 4 2) 3 3) 1 4) 4 5) 2 6) 1
7) 4 8) 1 9) 2 10) 4 11) 3 12) 1
ax e x  b log 1  x   cxe  x 13) 1 14) 1 15) 3 16) 2 17) 2 18) 3
lim 2
x 0 x 2 sin x 19) 3 20) 3 21) 3 22) 3 23) 3 24) 2
1) a  3, b  12, c  9 25) 1 26) 4 27) 4 28) 2 29) 3 30) 1
2) a  1, b  2, c  4 31) 2 32) 2 33) 2 34) 2 35) 3 36) 1
37) 2 38) 3 39) 1 40) 2 41) 1 42) 4
3) a  2, b  10, c  8
4) a  3, b  12, c  9 LEVEL-II (C.W)-HINTS
sin 1 x  sin x
1. Use L-Hospital rule  Given Limit
37. lim
x 0 x3  lim 1  2 x  3x 2  ..  200.x199 
x 1

1 1 1 1 2. Using L-Hospital rule given limit is

1) 2) 3) 4)
2 3 4 5
1 1
x
2   3
1  x   e 1   2 a  2x 2 3x
1/ x lim 2
 2
x a
1 1 
38. lim 2 3 3
x 0 1  cos x  2 3a  x 2 x

1 1 11 1 3. ax 2  bx  c  a  x    x   
1) e 2) e 3) e 4) e
2 4 12 12 given limit is
PROBLEMS USING SANDWICH 2
THEOREM  a  x    x    
2 sin 2   2
39. If [x] denotes the greatest integer less than lim  2 2
  a    
x  2
[ x ]  [2 x ]  ....  [ nx]  x   2
or equal to x then Ln
im 
n2
1) x/2 2) x/3 3) x 4) 0 4. Find  g f  x 
 x  2 x  ...  nx 5. Using L-Hospital rule,
40. lim
n  n2 d  y
   y   y 1  log y 
y
1
1) 2) 0 3) -1 4) 2  dy 
2 d 
 sin x  and    x x   0
41. xLt   Where [.] dentoes the greatest  dy 
 x 
0

integer function.  x 2  1  ax 2  ax  bx  b 
6. lim  2
x
 x 1 
1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) does not exist
 (1  a) x 2  (a  b) x  (1  b) 
42. Let f : R  R be a positive increasing  lim  2
x 
 x 1 
f  3x 
f unc t io n wi t h lim  1, t h en a  1, b  1   2  b   3
x  f  x
18
JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

{x} x  [ x] n
7. L.H.L  lim  lim  r (r  1)
x 0 tan{x} x 0 tan( x  [ x]) 18. Lim r 1

x 1 1
n  n3
 lim 
x 0 tan( x  1) tan1 n(n  1)(2n  1) n(n  1)

x  [ x] x  Lim 6 2
R.H.L.  xlim  lim 1 n  n3
tan( x  [ x]) x 0 tan x
 0

 L.H.L  R.H.L. n(n  1)(n  2) 1

 Lim 
n  3n3 3
8. As x  4 ,  x   4
1
 x  3  x  4   lim 19. xlim 1  x  x 2  ....  x 2 n 
lim  1 x
x 4 x 4  x  3  1
x4
6.3n  15.5n
f  x   f  2 20. lim
x 2.3n  3.5n
9. lim  f ' x
x 2 x2
n(n  1)(2n  1)

lim 1  cos x Lt sin 2 x / 2 Lt sin x / 2 21. lim 6
10. x0  x0  x 0
2 x x n  n4
does not exist n! 1
1  y tan y 22. lim
n   n  1 ! n !
 lim  0
n  n
11. y  2 tan 1    x 
2 x y
  b 1 [ ax  b]  b
12. Use L-Hospital rule 23. lim  a     lim  lim  a  
x  x x
 x 
 x x 
 x
1/ n
24. (1.2.3....n)
13. cos x 1  sin x
25. e xlim
0 sin x
 lim
x0 cos x
e
14. Use L-Hospital rule
x
 a 26.
15. lim loge 1    a
x 
 x
27. eln1b   2b sin 2 
2

x
 9.3  9 x  3x  1 2  1  cos x
16. xlim
0

2  1  cos x 2  1  cos x 1  b2 1
  sin 2    b  2 sin 2 
2b b
9 x
 1 3x  1 x2
 lim
x 0 x2 1  cos x
 2  1  cos x    

2
log3x

 a 1 x
1  cos x 1  28. lim 1  log 3x  e
x 1
 xlim  log a, lim  
 0 x x 0 x2 2 1
a x  q 
29. lim 1  a  x  p  x  q  a  x  p  x q 
x p 

 e a p  q 
17.
30.
19
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV
31. Given limit
a
40. 0   x  1 , 0  2 x  1
  1  1 
 lim 1   1    sin  1
x 
  x  x  0  x  2 x  .....  nx n
  2
1/ y
n2 n2 n
 lim 1  (1  y )  a  sin y  1
y 0
lim
0
 lim
x  2 x  .....  nx  lim 1
2
n  n n  n2 n  n
1 (1 y )  a  sin y 1
where y  , e
lim
y 0 y
 e1a
x 0
lim f1  x   lim 0
  
n  n  n
 tan    x  1  1tan x

  1  2 tan x  1

 4   1tan x  
32. lim lim lim  1tan x  x
 e x0 1
e x 0 x  ex0 x lim f 2  x   lim 0
n  n  n
33.   2
1
lim
 x  2 x  .....  nx  0
 f (1  x)  x 1  f (1 x )  f '(1)
34. lim  lim  1 lim
  e x0 x  f (1)   e x0 f (1)  e2 n  n2
x 0
 f (1) 
  x 2 x4  
  .....    x  x 2  ... 41. If 0  x  then sin x  x  tan x
2! 4!  2
35. lim 
x 0 xn  sin x 
is non-zero if n =3 sin x
 1,  0
x  x 
x2  x 2 x3 
ax(1  x   .)  b  x     42. By using Sandwich theorem
2!  2 3
 x x 2 x3  LEVEL-II - (H.W)
cx 1    
1! 2! 3! 
36. lim  EVALUATION OF ALGEBRA OF
x 0  x3 x 5  LIMITS
x2  x   
 3! 5!  3
1  x   1  3x
1. Lt 2 =
coefficient of x & x 2  0 and coefficient of x 0 1  x  1  2x

x3  2 1) 2 2) 3 3) 5 4) -2

 12 x 3 1232 x 5   4  7x
x3 x 5  2. If f(x) = , Lt f(x) = l and
37. lim  x   ....    x    7x  4 x 0
x 0
 3! 5!   3! 5! 

2 3 8 5
Lt
x
f ( x )  m the q uad rat ic eq ua t io n
x  x
lim 3! 5!  1 1 1
x 0 x 3
3 having roots as and is
l m
1) x 2  1  0 2) x 2  1  0
 x 11 2   x 3) 1/2 4) x 3  1  0
38. lim e 1   x  ...   e  1  
x 0
 2 24   2
x  7  3 2x  3
3. L im 
11 2  x  x 2 3
x  6  2 3 3x  5
ex  2  11
11e
 lim 24    e
x0  x  12  sin x  12 34 23 7 23
2 sin 2   1) 2) 3) 4)
2  2 23 17 23 7
39. By using Sandwitch theorem
20
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS
1  cos( x 1) n
 x3  2 x 2  x  1  ( x  1) 2
a r
b nr 
4. L im  2   r0
x 1
 x  2x  3 
2n 1  1
1/ 2 1) 2) 2n1  1
5 4.2n
1) e 2) e 1/ 2 3) 1 4)  
6 2n 1  1
2
x y   y  x
2 3) 4) 2n  1
Lim  3.2 n
3
5. x 0
 8 xy  4 x2   8 xy  11. lim
tan x  sin x
 [EAMCET - 2010]
x 0 x2
1 1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 1 1
4y 2 2 2 128 y 1) 0 2)1 3) 4) 
2 2

Lt
x5
 ____
1  cos 2 x  (3  cos x) 
6. 12. lim [JEE M 2013]
x  5 x x 0 x tan 4 x
1) 0 2) 1 3)  4) does not exist 1 1
1) 2) 3) 1 4) 2
4 2
1 1  x  2
7. lim  [EAMCET - 2011]
x 8 x 8 tan 3 x  sin 3 x
3 1 1 1 13. lim  [EAMCET - 2013]
1) 2) 3) 4)
x 0 x5
2 4 24 5
5 3 3 2
EVALUATION OF LEFT & RIGHT 1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 5 5
HAND LIMITS
Lt
Sin 2x  2Sin 2 x  2Sinx
 1  cos 2  x  2   14. =
x 0
Cosx  Cos 2 x
8. lim  
x2  x2  [AIEEE 2011] 2
  1) 0 2) 1 3) 4) 4
3
1) equals 2 2) equals  2 3 sin x  sin 3x
15 Lt =
1
x 0
x. tan 2 2x
3) equals 4) does not exist 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4
2
l1  lim ( x  [ x]), l2  lim (2 x  [ x]) 8 x2 x2 x2 x2 
9. If x 2 x 2
a nd 16. Lim 1 cos  cos  cos .cos  =
x0 x8 2 4 2 4

cos x
l3  lim 1 1 1
x
  then [where [ ] denotes 1) 2) 3) 4) 1
2 x 16 15 32
2
G.I.F.] 17. Arra ng e the fo llowing lim it s in t he
ascending order.
1) l1  l2  l3 2) l2  l3  l1
tan 4 x  sin 4 x tan 8 x  sin 8 x
3) l3  l2  l1 4) l1  l3  l2 1) L im 2) L im
x 0 x6 x 0 x5 tan x 5
EVALUATION OF
TRIGONOMETRIC LIMITS tan 3 x  sin 3 x tan 5 x  sin 5 x
3) Lx im 4) L im
10. If a  min  x 2  4 x  5, x  R and 0 x sin 4 x x 0 x 2 .sinh 3 x. tan 2 x

1) 1, 2, 3, 4 2) 3, 1, 4, 2
1  cos 2 3) 1, 2, 4, 3 4) 2, 1, 3, 4
b  L im then the value of
 0 2
21
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

18. The vaue of  , is 3

1)  loge 4  2) log e 4

lim
 
cos 1  cos 1  cos .... cos 1  cos  
2 2 2
 2 2
 3) 12  log e 4 
3 3
4) 5  log e 4 
 0 (  4 2
sin   LIMITS OF THE FORM TENDS TO
   INFINITE
1
2
1) 2) 2 3) 1 4) 2 x
e 1
4 25. lim
x 0 1

x
e 1
2  cos x  1
19. xLt 2
 ____ 1) 1 2) -1 3)0 4) does not exists

  x 
lim
13  23  33  ....  n 3
1 1 26. n =
1) 0 2) 3) 4) 2 3n 4  5n 3  6
4 2 1) 1/3 2) 1/5 3) 1/6 4)1/12

20. If lim
 a  n  nx  tan xsin nx  0, where n lim
3. x  5 sin 2 x  10. log x
x2 27. =
x0 x
5. x  7 cos 2 x  100. log x
is a non-zero real number, then ‘a’ =
3 5 1
n 1 1 1) 2) 3)15 4)
1) 0 2) 3) n 4) n  5 3 15
n n
    
 3 sin  6  h   cos  6  h   28. lim
n 2
1  n =
2

n 3
Lim 2       n6 1
21. h  0 

3.h 3 cosh  sinh  

 1) 1 2) 1/2 3) 1/3 4) 4
(2  x ) 20 (4  x )3
2 4 2 4 29. lim 
1) 2) 3) 4) x  (2  x ) 23
3 3 3 3
1) – 1 2) 1 3) 6 4) 2
EVALUATION OF EXPONENTIAL &
LOGARITHEMIC LIMITS 30. lim
n 

cos  n 2  n in equal to 
log( x  a)
22. The value of lim is 1) 0 2)1 3) 2 4) does not exist
x a log( e x  e a )
1 1 1 
log 5    ...to n terms 
1) 1 2) -1 3) 0 4) 2 1  4 8 16 
31. lim  equals
23. Arrange the following limits in the n 5
 
ascending order
x 2 1) 2 2) 4 3) 8 4) 0
 1 x   2 x )3 / x
1) lim 
x 2  x
 2) lim(1
x 0
 
14  24  34  ...  n 4
sin  log e (1  x) 32. lim
3) lim 4) lim
n  n5
 0 2 x 0 x
1) 1, 2, 3, 4 2) 1, 3, 4, 2 13  23  33  ...  n3
 lim is
3) 1, 4, 3, 2 4) 3, 4, 1, 2 n  n5

(4 x  1)3 1 2 3 4
lim  1) 2) 3) 4)
x 0
x  x2  5 5 5 5
24. sin   log e  1  
4  3

22
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

x x x x
a  a1/ x
1) 2) 3) 4) 0
33. If a > 1, then the value of lim
x x 1/ x
is 2 3 6
a a LEVEL-II (H.W)-KEY
1) 1 2) 0 3) 2 4) 3
1) 2 2) 1 3) 1 4) 4 5) 4 6)1
LIMIT OF THE FORM 00 ,1 ,0 7) 3 8) 4 9) 3 10) 2 11)1 12) 4
 sin x 13) 2 14) 4 15) 2 16) 3 17) 2 18) 2
1
1 
34. for x  0 ; lim 
x 0 
 sin x  x      19) 2 20) 4 21) 4 22) 1 23) 2 24) 3
 x  25) 4 26) 4 27) 1 28) 4 29) 1 30) 1
1) 0 2) -1 3) 1 4) 2 31) 2 32) 1 33) 1 34) 3 35) 4 36) 3
cosecx 37) 3 38) 1 39) 3 40) 2
 1  tan x 
35. lim 
x  0 1  sin x
 is equal to LEVEL-II (H.W)-HINTS
 
1 1. Using L-Hospital rule given limit is
1) 2) e 3) e 2 4)1
e lim 6 1  x   3
x0
x 4 2
 x6
36. lim    [EAMCET - 2012] 1 1
x   x  1   1,  1  x 2  1  0
2. l  1, m  1 ,
l m
1) e4 2) e6 3) e5 4) e 3. Using L-Hospital rule
1/ 2
5
 x5
x 3 4.  
37. lim   [EAMCET - 2009] 6

x   x  2 
5. Take common higher power of x in both
numerator and denominater
1) e 2) e2 3) e3 4) e5
x5 x5
6. lim  lim
x 5 x x e x log 5
[Link]
1
38. If f  0  3, then x5
lim
x  m2 x2
x2 1  mx   .... where m  log 5
lim  2!
x0 f  x2   6 f  4x2   5 f  7 x2 
1
1 1 1 1 lim
1) 2)  3) 4)
x 1 m m m m4 m5 m6 x
2 3

36 36 34 106       ...
x5 x4 2x3 6x2 24x 120 720
1
PROBLEMS USING EXPANSIONS = 0

1  x 1/ x  e 7. Use L-Hospital’s rule
39. lim x

x 0 8. 1  cos 2  2 sin 
1) 1 2) e/2 3) –e/2 4)2/e
PROBLEMS USING SANDWICH 9. Difinition of  x and L hospital rule
THEOREM 4ac  b 2 4.5.1  16
40. If [x] denotes the greatest integer less than 10. a   1
or equal to x then 4a 4
2 sin 2
lim
n

n3 

1  2   2   2 
1 x  2 x  3 x  ...... 
      
n2 x  
b
2
2

23
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

n
 tan x  sin nx
a b r nr
 bn  ab n1  a 2b n 2  .....  a n 20. lim   a  n n   0 ,
r 0
x0
 x  x

2n1  1  n  a  n  n  1  0


2 1 1
11. Take tan x common and simplify  a  n n  1  a  n 
n
1  cos 2 x 3  cos x x 21. Using L.H Rule
12. lim 2
 
x 0 x 1 tan 4 x log( x  a) ex ea
n 22. lim  lim  1
13. log(e x  ea )
x a x a ( x  a )e x  e x ea
2 23. Using standard formulae
14. Given limit is
24. Divide with x 3 and simplify
2sin x  cos x  1  2 1  cos 2 x  1
4
x cos x 1  cos x  e h 1
25. L.H.L= lim
h 0 1
 1
h
e 1
15.
1

16. Given limit is e h 1

R.H.L= lim
h 0 1
1
2 2 h
8 x  x  e 1
lim 8  1  cos 1  cos   32 1 1  1
x0 x 2  4 16 64 32
 n 2 (n  1) 2
26. Given limit  lim 4 1
tan n ax  sin n ax n n  2 
lim
17. x  0  a 4 3
n  3n  5n  6 12
x n2 2
18. Given limit 27. Divide with x
1 1
 lim   2 28.
 0    
sin   sin
   4  2 4 29. Divide with x 23 and applying limit
2  cos x  1 1
19. lim 2 30. n2  n  n 1 
x
  x n
1/2
2  cos    y   1 2  cos y  1  1  1   1
 n 1    n 1    n  
= lim = lim  n  2n   2
y 0 y2 y 0 y2
2  cos y  1 1   1 
= lim  lim cos    n     lim sin  n   0
y0 y2 2  cos y  1 n 
  2   n
y    1 n  
2 sin 2  1    
2 1 1  1   2   
lim   2log5   
2
= y 0 4 2  cos y  1  4 11/ 2 
 y 31.  
   
2 lim 5
n 

1 1 1
 2 1    1   1  n 2 
2

4 11 4 log 5  1    

 4   2   1 
lim 5
n 

24
JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

1 2
2
 100 tan [Link] x 
lim     (21 )2  22  4 5. lim   where [.]
n  4 1
x0
 x2

represents greatest integer function is
 a(1  r n )
 Sn of G.P  if r  1
 1 r 1) 99 2) 100 3) 0 4) 98
 a loga x  x

6. If {x} denotes fractional part of x, then
2
n ( n  1)(2 n  1)(3n  3n  1) x sin{x}
32. lim lim 
n 30 n 5 x 1 x 1
n 2 (n  1) 2 6 1 1) 0 2) -1 3) 1 4) does not exist
 lim 5
 0  7. The graph of the function y  f ( x) has a
n  4n 30 5
unique tangent at the point (e a , 0) through
33. a   0 which the graph passes then
sin x
1 1 0 log e {1  7 f ( x )}  sin f ( x )
34. x  0:  sin x   0 and lim
x   is  form
x 0 x
lima is
  x e 3 f ( x)
35. 1 form
 36. e  e5
61
1) 1 2) 2 3) 0 4) -1
5 2 3
37. e  e 38. By L-Hospital rule 8. I f [.] d en o t es t h e g rea t es t int eg er
2 3
x x x
1   ......
39. 1  x 
1/ x
e 2 3 4  
x 2 
40. Sandwich theorem lim 
function, then x    cos x 
2  
LEVEL-III - (C.W)  
3

e x  1  x3 1) 1 2) –1 3) 2 4) –2
1. lim 6 
9. I f [.] d en o t es t h e g rea t es t int eg er
x0 sin (2 x )

1 2 1 1  x2 
1) 2) 3) 4) lim
function then x  0  
128 127 126 125  tan [Link] x 
1   sin x sin x 1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) does not exist
lim 
2.  cos 2 x 1 n
x
2
10. lim 4  r ( r  2)(r  4) 
n  n r 1
1) 2 2) 1 3) 1/ 2 4) 1/ 4
3 1 1
1) 2) 0 3) 4)
cos x x 1 4 8 4
f ( x)  2sin x x 2 2x f '( x)  7 29 133 5n  2n 
3. If then lim  lim  
11. n 10 10 2 103  ........  
tan x x 1
x 0 x 10 n 

1) 1 2) – 1 3) 2 4) – 2 1) 3/4 2) 2 3) 5/4 4) 1/2
 log  x  cos x  1 9 
 sec    12. Suppose f(n+1)  2  f ( n)  f (n)  , n  N . If
 
lim  2 
x0  
4. log
 sec x
cos x
2    f ( n)  0, n  N , then lim  f (n)  
n 
 
1) 14 2) 15 3) 16 4) 17 1) 31 2) 31 3) 3 4) –3

25
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

2 2 2 sin 2 x 21. The value of

13. lim 11/ sin x  21/ sin x  ....  n1/ sin x  
x 0    100 x   99 sin x  
lim      , where [.]
n 1 x0
  sin x   x  
1)  2) 0 3) 4) n
2 represents the greatest integer function, is
14. The value of 1) 199 2) 198 3) 0 4) 1
x x 1/ x [ x]  [ x 2 ]  [ x3 ]  ...  [ x 2 n1 ]  n  1
 e[log(2 1)  (2x 1)x sin x  22. xlim
lim  is equal to 0  1  [ x2 ]  [ x]  2 x
x0  exlogx
 
n  N is equal to
1 1) n  1 2) n 3) 1 4) 0
1) e 2) log 2 3) e log 2 4) log 2
e 23. I f [.] d en o t es t h e g rea t es t int eg er
15. lim( n 4  n3  A1n2  A2 n  A3 )1/ 2  function, then
n 

( n4  n3  B1n 2  B2 n  B3 )1/ 2 equals lim

 
tan  2 2  x 2  x 2 tan  2 2 

 
A1  B1 A1  B3
x 0 sin 2 x
1) 2
2) 1) 20  tan 20 2) 20  tan 20
2
B3  A1 A1  B3 3) 20 4) tan 20
3) 4)
2 2
23 13 33 13 n3 1
2 2
l.n  2(n 1)  3(n  2)  ...  n.1 2 2 24. lim . .... 3 
n 23 13 33  13 n 1
16. lim 
n 13  23  ...  n3
1 2 3
8 4 2 1 1) 2) 3) 1 4)
1) 2) 3) 4) 3 3 2
3 3 3 3 r n r
n  m  m
1  2  3  4  5  6  .....  2 n 25. lim Cr   1  
17. lim
n  2 2
 n
n  n
n  1  4n  1
1 1 1 1 mr mr em er r m
1) 2) – 3) – 4) 1) e m m r 2) 3) 4)
3 3 5 5 r! r! m!

sec2
18. If lim
x 0
 x3 sin 3x  ax2  b  exists and is    
26. The value of lim sin2 
2bx


equal to zero,then the value of a  2b = x0
  2  ax 
1) 3 2) 4 3) 0 4) 6
1) e  a / b 2) e a2 / b2 3) a 2 a / b 4) e 4 a / b
19. T he g ra p h o f y  f  x  ha s uni q ue
tangent at the point  a, 0  through which  12 3 52 7 
t he g ra p h p a s s es . T hen 27. x  1  x3 1  x 2 1  x3  1  x 2  ... 
lim  
 
log 1  6 f  x  
lim  5 10 5 10
x a 3 f  x 1) 2) 3) 4)
6 3 6 3
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 
20. The value of  1  1  1
28. Evalu ate lim  1  1   ....  1  
 1  1 
n 
 a1  a2   an 
lim  1  x   is
x 0
 2   tan x  4  2  where a1  1 and an  n 1  an1   n  2
1) log16 2) does not exist 1 1
1) 2) 3) e 4) 1
3) 3log 2 4) 6 log 2 e e2

26
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS
n
n2   1  1  1  1  sin  cos x 
29. lim n  n 1  n   n  2 ...... n  n1  = 37. lim  ( wh ere  x  d en o t es
n
  2  2   2  x 0  x   sin x 

1 1 3 2 greatest integral part of x )

1) 2 2) 3) e2 4) e 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 
2e e 2
30. Evaluate 1
lim 
38. x  1
x   x  (where  x denotes
1 x 1 x 1 x
lim  tan  2 tan 2  ...  n tan n 
n  2
 2 2 2 2 2  fractional part of x )
x 1 x 1
1) x tan 2) cot 1) does not exist 2)1 3)  4)
2 x 2 2
x  cot x 1  sin  sgn  x   
3) 4)  cot x lim
39. x 0  sgn x 
2 x      
x (where  x denotes integral part of x )
31. lim 
x  s in x 1) 0 2)1 3) 1 4) does not exist
1)1 2) 1 3)  4) does not exist 40. If f  x   x  1   x  (where [x] is greatest
32. If  x is least integer not lessthan x integer less than or equal to x) then.
1) f 1    1; f 1   0
and g  x  is the greatest integer not 2) f 1   0  f 1 
greaterthan x then 3) lim f  x  exits
x 1
4) Cannot say any thing
lim
x e
   x   g  x  
1
1) 1 2) 9 3) 11 4)13 ae
x 2
1  x 4 16 
n P s in 2
 n ! 41. xlim 1
 lim sin  5  then a is
33. If 0  P  1 then l i m 
2
x2
x2
 x  32 
2e
n  n 1
 3 2 1
4 1) sin   2) 2 3) sin   4) sin  
1) 0 2) 1 3)  4) 5 5 5
3
42. If  x denotes fractional part of x then
 x  s in  x  a  
34. xlim 2 whe re  x x sin  x
 a
x  a  lim
x 1 x 1
denotes fractional part of x and a  N 1) 0 2) -1 3) 1 4) does not exist
1) 0 2) 1 3) a 4) 5 20

  a sin x   b tan x   43. lim

n 
 cos 2n  x  10  
x 1
35. lim      a, b  N , 1) 0 2) 1 3)19 4) 20
x 0
 x   x 
[where [ ] denotes G.I.F.] 44. If f  x  is a real number in [0, 1], then
ab the value of the function
1) a  b 2) a  b  1 3) 0 4) f  x   lim lim 1  cos 2 m  n ! x   is given by
2 m  n

cos  sin x   co s x 1) 2 or 1 according as x is a rational or

36. lim  irrational
x0 x4 2) 2 or 1 according as x is irrational or
1 1 1 1 rational
1) 2) 3) 4) 3) 1 for all x 4) 2 for all x
6 5 4 2
27
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

 x  3. f ( x )   x 2 cos x  x 2 tan x
45. lim sec 1   is equal to
x 
 x 1  4. Use L hospital rule
tan [Link] x
 5. We have 0   1 in the nbd
1) 0 2)  3) 4) Does not exist x2
2
100 tan [Link] x
 x x  0 0  100
46. If n  N then lim
x n
 1 , where x2
x sin{x} x sin x
 x denotes the greatest integer less 6. lim
x 1 x 1
 lim 
x 1 x 1
 
than or equal to x, is equal to
x sin{x} x sin( x  1)
n n1 lim  lim  1
1)  1 2)  1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
3) 0 4) does not exist 7. f ( ea )  0
cos 2  cos 2 x Given limit
47. xlim
1 x2  x is equal to
1
7. f '( x)  cos[ f ( x )]. f '( x)
1) 2 2) sin 2 3) 2 sin 2 4) 0 1  7. f ( x )
 lima
x x e 3. f '( x )
 1 
48. The value of lim  1  n  , n  0 is
x 
 x  7
 cos[ f (e a )]
1) 1, if n  1 2) 1, if n  1 1  7 f ( ea ) 7 1
  2
3) e, if n  1 4) e, if n  1 3 3
1/ x 8. Given limit
  f  x  3
49. lim  1  x 1    e and  
x 0  kx 2  
   
 
 lim  
f  4   64 then K has value  0
 cos       where x   
   2
1) 1 2) 2 3) 4 4) 5 2 
LEVEL-III-KEY 9. sin x  x  tan x in the nbd of 0
1) 1 2) 3 3) 4 4) 3 5) 1 6) 4 x2
7) 2 8) 4 9) 1 10) 4 11) 3 12) 3 0  1
tan x sin x
13) 4 14) 2 15) 1 16) 4 17) 2 18) 4
19) 3 20) 1 21) 2 22) 4 23) 1 24) 2 1 1
10. lim  n3  6 n2  8 n  
4 
25) 3 26) 2 27) 2 28) 3 29) 3 30) 4
n n 4
31) 4 32) 3 33) 1 34) 2 35) 2 36) 1  5 
n
 2
n

37) 4 38) 1 39) 1 40) 1 41) 3 42) 4 11. nlim 
   10
 
10
 
    
43) 2 44) 1 45) 4 46) 4 47) 3 48) 2
 
49) 2 12. nlim f n  1   lim f  n   k
n 
LEVEL-III-HINTS 1 9
k   k    k 2  9, k  3
3
3 2
(x ) (x ) 3 3 2 k
1. e x  1  x3    ...
2! 3! 13. Given limit
1 1 1
 1 x3   
3
 e x  1  x3  x 6    ...     1  sin 2 x  2  sin 2 x  n  1  sin 2 x 
 lim n.      ...    1
2 6  x 0  n  n  n  
 
2. Use L hospital rule
 n(0  0  ...  0  1)  n
28
JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

1/ x 100 x 99sin x
 (2 x  1) x  (2 x  1) x sin x    100 and  99
14. lim
x0   sin x x
 xx 

2x  1 22.  x 2 n 1    1 and  x 2 n   0 for

 lim lim(1  sin x )1/ x
x 0 x x 0
n  0,1, 2, 3,.... Given limit
1
2 x  1 lim (1 sin x 1) log 2 (1)  0  (1)  0  ...  0  (1)  n  1
 lim .e x0 x   lim 0
x0 x e x 0 1  0 1  2x
A1  B1
15. On rationalising, given limit  23.  2 2    20
2
24. Given limit
n
[r.(n  r  1) 2 ]
16. Given expansion  
    
2
n 1.7 2.13 3.21 4.31  (n  1)(n  n  1) 
r 1
r 3  lim ...  2 
r 1
n 
3.3 4.7 5.13 6.21  (n  1)(n  n  1) 

2
(n  1)2 r  2(n  1)r 2  r 3
n 2 (n  n  1) 2
  lim . 2 
r 1 n2 (n  1) 2
n  3 (n  n  1) 3
4 r n r
n m  m
25. lim Cr   1  
n n
2 2
n 
( n  1)
2
n ( n  1)
 2( n  1)
n ( n  1)(2 n  1)

n ( n  1) 
2 6 4
 2 2 ( n  r ) m
n ( n  1) n 

n( n  1)( n  2)...(n  r  1) m  m m
r  n

4  lim . r  1   
n 
r! n  n 
 
8 1
Given limit  2  1   n(n  1)(n  2)...(n  r  1) r
3 3  lim (m )
n  nr r !
n 2   n  n2 
17. Given nlim

and  r
n 2  1  4n 2  1 n 1 (  m )
   n 
divide with ‘n’ 
 1 m  m

= nlim
   
 n 
sin 3 x a  
18. lim  2 b
x 0 x3 x
 1  2    r  1  
sin 3 x  ax  bx 3 1  1   ... 1   
 lim  n  n    n   r (10)( m )
 lim m .e
x0 x3 n 
r!
Use L’Hospitals rule (1  0)(1  0)...(1  0) r  m e  m m r
19. Use L hospitals rule  m e 
r! r!
  26. Given limit is of the form 1
 2x  1   tan x  4  2 
lim  x     4log 2  log16
20. x 0
 2 .x   tan x  4  4  lim sec 2   2    
  sin   1
 Given limit  e x0 
 2  bx    2  ax  
 x 

x sin x   
21. x  0;  1 and x  0; 1 cos 2  
sin x x lim
 e x 0  2  ax 
  
x sin x cos 2  
 1 and 1  2  bx 
sin x x

29
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

n
 2    1  1 
sin     n  1  n  2  .... n  2n1  
lim
Use L-Hospital rule  e x0  2  ax  . a  lim     
n 
 2  b n
 n 
sin  
 2  bx   

 a2  n n2   n n n 
Again use L-Hospital rule b2  
e

 x 2 
  (4k  3) x
4k  1  1
1

lim  k 1    n 2n 2 4n
4

27. x  1  x 3 2  1    1    1  
k 1 1  x 
  = lim 1    1    1    ...
 n   2n    4n  
n 


16 4 16 10 1
   2 
3 2 3 3  2 n 1 n  2n 1
1  
1  n 1    1 1 1 1
1  ...
 1  1  1  2 n     e.e 2e 4 .....  e 2 4  e2
28. L  lim 1  1   ....  1   
n 
 a1  a2   an 
1 x 1 x 1 x
 a 1  a 1   a 1  30 lim  tan  2 tan 2  ...  n tan n 
n 2
 lim  1   2  ....  n   2 2 2 2 2 
n 
 a1   a2   an 
  1 x
 lim  cot x   cot x  tan 
 a2   a3   an1  n 
  2 2
    ....  
2 3 n 1
 lim      
1 x 1 x
tan 2  ...  n tan n 
n  a1a2 ....an 2 2
2 2 2 
an  1 x 1 x
( use  1  an 1n  2 & a1  1 given) .  lim  cot x   cot  2 tan 2 
n n
 2 2 2 2 
an1 a 1 1 x
lim  lim n .....  tan n 
n  a1 n  1 n  n 1 2 n
2 
 n  1 1  an   lim 1  an  1 x 1 x
lim  cot x  tan  cot 
n   n  1 n  n ! n!  2 2 2 2
proceeding like this we get
1 1 a   1 x
lim    n1  = lim   cot x  n cot n 
n n!  n  1 !  n  1 ! n 
 2 2 
 
proceeding in a similar manner weight  
 x / 2n 1  1
1 1 1 1    cot x  lim  .    cot x 
x
 tan n x  x
n
L  lim    .....   1  e
n n !
  n  1! 2! 1!   2 

 n2   1  1  1 
n
x    h  
29. lim n  n  1  n    n  2  ....  n  n 1   31. lim  lim
n
  2  2   2  x   sin x n0 sin    h 

30
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS

h h  a  h  a  sinh  1
= lim
h 0  sin    h  = lim  1 lim
h0  sinh h 0 h2
x    h   sin x a sin x
lim  lim 35. 1  a but clos e to
x  sin x n  0 sin    h  x x
 a s in x 
h h a     a 1
 lim  lim 1  x 
n  0  sin   h  n  0 sinh
tan x b tan x
 L.H.L  R.H.L 1 b but clos e to
x x
 limit does not exist
 b ta n x 
32. Let f  x     x   g  x  b  x  b
 
e  2.708,   3.142 , e    5.85   a sin x   b tan x  
 lim     
lim f  x   lim  e    h 
x0
 x   x 
x   e  
 h 0
a 1 b  a  b 1
= lim
h 0
  e    h   g  e    h  cos  sin x   cos x
36. lim
lim  6  5  11
x 0 x4
h0
2  sin x  x   sin x  x 
use 5  e    h  6 lim 4
sin   sin  
x 0 x  2   2 
lim 
f  x   lim  e    h 
h 0
x  e  
 sin x  x   sin x  x 
sin   sin  
lim   e    h   g  e    h  2 .  2  
h 0
 lim 2 
x0  sin x  x   sin x  x 
 lim  6  5  11    
h0
 2   2 

 lim f  x   11  sin x  x   sin x  x  1

x e    3 
 x  x 4
n p sin 2  n ! n P sin 2  n !
lim  lim 2  sin x 
33. n  n 1 n   1   1 1 Lt   1 
n 1   4 x0
 x 
 n
 x3 x5 
2
sin  n !  x   ......x 
 lim 0 lim  3! 5! 
n 
1 p  1 x 0 x3
n 1    
 n  
 
1 1  1 1
( as n   1 p
0 &   1  1      
n 2  6 6

 1 1  sin cos x 1  sin cos  h 

sin 2 n !  1& 1    1
 n 37. xlim
0  x  sin x
 lim
  
n0 h  sin  h  

x sin  x  a   x  x sin  x  a 1  sin 0 1
34. f  x  2 2 lim  
 x  a  x  a n0 1   1 0

 a  h  a  h sin a  h  a 1  sin  cos x  1  sin  cosh 

lim f  x  lim lim  lim
xa n0
 a  h  a
2 x0  x   sin x  n  0
 h   sinh 
31
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV

1  sin 0 1  4
 lim   x4   2  
h 0 0  0 0  
x   2    2 
1  sin  cos x  sin  lim 5 5 
 sin  
 lim  x 2 x   2    5 
x0
 x   sin x  
 x   2  

use cosh  1   cosh   0
h  0, h  0,  h  0  2 2
 a  sin    , a  sin  
 h  1 , sinh   0 ,   sinh   1  5 5
0 x sin  x x sin x
 2 13  0
8 1 42. lim  lim  
x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
1 1 x sin  x x sin  x  1
lim  lim
38. L.H.L = x 1 x   x x1
 x   x  2  lim  lim 1
x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
1 43. lim cos 2n x  1 where x  m , m  I
 lim  n 
x  1 2 x  2  0 where x  m , m  I
1 1 Here for x  10, lim cos 2 n  x  10   1 and in
lim  lim n 
R.H.L = x1 x   x x 1
 x   x  1 all other cases it is zero
20
1  lim  cos 2 n  x  10   1
lim 1 n 
x  1 2 x  1 x 1

L.H.L  R.H.L  limit does not exist 44. con  n! x   1 for x is rational
 sin  sgn  x     sin1  cos2m  n! x  0 as m   for x is irrational
39. xlim    lim  1   0
 0
 sgn  x   x  0
x
45. x  x  1for x  0  1
 sin  sgn  x     sin   1  x 1
lim    lim    x 
x 0
 sgn  x   x  0   1  sec 1   is not defined
 x 1
lim sin1  0  n  h n 1
x 0 46. L.H .L  lim
h 0
 1   1
 sin  sgn  x    R.H .L  lim  1
 n  h
  1
n
 lim  0 h 0

 sgn  x  
x 0
2 sin 1  x  sin  x  1
use sgn  x   1, x  0 47. xlim
 1 x2  x
 1, x  0
 0, x  0 sin  x  1 sin  x  1
2 lim 
x1 x 1 x
40. Find f 1  and f 1  and verify
1 x x
e0  1, if n  1
1  1  lim n lim x1n
 
ae
x2
1 ae  x2 lim1  n   ex x  ex   e, if n  1
lim  lim  a 48. x  x 
41. 1 1  , if n  1
x 2
x 2
x 2 
x 2 
2e 2e 1
1/ x f x
4
  f  x   1
kx2
 x  16  49. lim  1  x 1   e
lim  sin  5 x 0  kx 2  
  
x  2
 x  32 
32
JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV LIMITS
3) A is true but R is false
LEVEL - IV 4) R is true but A is false
5. A s s e rt io n( A ) x :
n (n  1)  x2  5x  3 
1  3  6  ......  4
1. I : lim 2 1 li m  2   e
 x 
 x  x 2 
n  n3 6 1 / x
Reason(R) : lx im (1  x )  e
1.1! 2.2! 3.3.! .......  n.n ! 1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
II : lim 1
explanation of A
n  (n  1)!
1) Only I is true 2) Both A and R are true and R is not the
correct explanation of A
2) Only II is true 3) A is true but R is false
3) Both I and II are true 4) R is true but A is false
4) Neither I nor II is true 6. List - I List - II
  [Link]    n tan    1
2. I : lim 
0      even  sin x  x 2 1
      a) lim   1) e 6
integer where [.] denotes the greatest
x0
 x 
integer function. 1
 ta n x  x 2 1
ae x  b b) lim   2) e 3
II : lim  2 then a =2, b =2 x 0
 x 
x0 x
1
1) Only I is true 2
c) lim(cos x ) tan x 3) e
2) Only II is true x0

3) Both I and II are true  x 

Tan
4) Neither I nor II is true  x   2 a 
d) lim 2  4) 1
3. Arrange the following lim its in the xa  a

descending order Then the correct match for List - I from
3 x List - II
a) xlim a b c d a b c d
3  | x 3|
1) 1 4 3 2 2) 1 2 3 4
1 1 3) 2 1 4 3 4) 1 2 4 3
8 8
(1  x )  (1  x ) 7. If m, n are +ve integers and a0 , b0  0 are
b) lim
x 0 x non-zero real numbers
tan x  sin x a0 x m  a1 x m1  .........  am1 x  am
c) lim s  lim then
x b x n  b x n 1  ...........  b x  b
x0 x3 0 1 n 1 n

List - I List - II
d) lim
x 
 x2  6x  7  x  a) If m = n
a0
1) s= b
1) b,c,d,a 2) d,a,c,b 0

3) d,c, b, a 4) b,c, a, d b) If m < n 2) s= 

4. A s s ert io n ( A ) : I f | x | < 1 t hen
c) If m > n 3) s=0
1
lim(1  x )(1  x 2 )(1  x 4 )......(1  x 2 n ) 
n  1 x Then the correct match for List - I from
1 x4n
Reason (R): (1 x)(1 x2 )...... 1 x2n 
1 x
  List - II
a b c a b c
1) Both A and R are true and R is the 1) 1 2 3 2)1 3 2
correct explanation of A 3) 2 1 3 4)1 3 3
2) Both A and R are true and R is not the
correct explanation of A
33
 LIMITS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-IV
8. Match the following :
 tan[e 2 ]x 2  tan[e 2 ]x 2 
List-I List-II lim
11. I : x 0    15,
 sin 2 x 
1
 a 1 / x  b1 / x  c1 / x  x
A) lim    1) 1/2 [Where  x denotes greatest integral
x 
 3 
part of x ].
x 2  9 x  20 1
B) lim  2) –1  1x  2 x  3x  ......  n x  x
x 5 x  [ x] lim    ( n !)
1/ n
II : x  0  n 
2
1  e1/ x
C) lxim0 2  3) does not 1) Only I is true 2) Only II is true
1  e1/ x
exist 3) Both I and II are true
2 .3 n  5 .2 n 4) Neither I nor II is true
lim 
D) n  4 .3 n  7 .2 n 4) (abc) 1/3
LEVEL-IV-KEY
A B C D 1) 3 2) 2 3) 2 4) 1 5) 3 6) 4
7) 2 8) 3 9) 3 10) 3 11) 3
1) 1 2 3 4
LEVEL-IV-HINTS
2) 4 3 3 1
n2  n
3) 4 3 2 1 1. 1)
 2 1

n3 6
4) 4 3 1 2
 n  1 ! 1
n! 2)
9. I : lim
n (n 1)! n!
0  n  1!
2. Using step function definition
2
x  sin x 3. By simplifying
II : lim 1
x 0 x  cos x 4. A is true, R is true R  A
1) Only I is true 2) Only II is true 5. A is true , R is false
3) Both I and II are true 6. 1 form
4) Neither I nor II is true 7. Divide Nr with x m
[ ax  b ] Divide Dr with x m
10. I : If a > 0 then lim  a , [Where
x x 8. Using standard formula
9. 1) Divide with n!
 x denotes greatest integral part of x ].
2) Divide with x
lim sin x   0
II : x
 10. ax  b 1   ax  b   ax  b
2

[Where  x denotes greatest integral b 1  ax  b b

a   a
part of x ]. x x x x
1) Only I is true
lim
 ax  b  a
2) Only II is true x  x
3) Both I and II are true 11. Standard formula
4) Neither I nor II is true

34