2 A child’s world

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Getting started

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EXAM MENU

Reading and 1 Use the clues below to find the words in the box which complete the grid. There

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Use of English: Part 7, are two extra words that you do not need to use.
Parts 1 and 4
1 Walk in a determined, purposeful manner.

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Listening: Part 2
Speaking: Part 2 2 Run with a lot of energy and enthusiasm.
Writing: Part 2
3 Pull or lift something heavy with difficulty.

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4 Walk or stand in water.

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5 Climb with difficulty, using hands and feet.

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6 Fight with somebody or something by pushing them into difficult positions.
7 Walk around an area without going in a fixed direction.

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8 Walk very quietly without putting your heels on the floor.
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bound clamber heave march paddle
stroll tiptoe wade wander wrestle
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3
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4
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5
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7
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8
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 Reading: gapped texts SPOTLIGHT CHECKLIST

1 Read the extract below, ignoring the gaps, and READING AND USE OF ENGLISH, PART 7 Gapped text
answer the following questions. Tips
1 How many people are mentioned? • Do not focus on each gap separately, but examine the text as a

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2 How many people speak? whole.
3 Who is on the train? • Check the option you choose fits both the text before the gap,
and what follows it.

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2 Underline the parts of the text which show you
Joseph Hooper’s thoughts. When the writer • If more than one option seems possible, decide which one seems

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refers to ‘Hooper’, are they talking about the more logical in the context of the text as a whole.
father or the son? What does Edmund Hooper
• Notice discourse markers – time words or phrases, cause and
seem to be preoccupied with?

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effect, contrast and concession etc.
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH, PART 7
• Consider how many people are mentioned. Full names are usually
3 You are going to read an extract from a book.
used to introduce a person into a text, and thereafter, first name,
Six paragraphs have been removed from the

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or surname only may be used, or simply a pronoun.
extract. Choose from the paragraphs A–G (on

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page 17) the one that fits each gap (1–6). • Notice repetition of a point made earlier, and the use of verb
There is one extra paragraph which you do not tenses when reading a text about the development of events.

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need to use.

Father and son

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On the train from London, Joseph Hooper said, ‘I hope you are 3 [ ... ]
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friendly with young Charles Kingshaw, now. I have not seen

you about the place together very much.’ Edmund thought, tomorrow I shall find out about Kingshaw,
Edmund Hooper looked up from The Scourge of the just by waiting and going into every room in the house, very
Marsh Monster. quietly. For he was irritated by the feeling that the other boy
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‘I can’t help it if he locks himself up, can I?’ had somehow slipped through his fingers, had taken a little of
‘In his room?’ the initiative. He had been here almost three weeks.
‘Somewhere. In some room or other. I don’t know.’
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4 [ ... ]
‘That sounds to me a very strange way of going on. What is
this all in aid of, what does he do?’ Over the business of the stuffed crow, Hooper had felt a
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Hooper shrugged. grudging respect, though he had withdrawn it later, in fury,

when Kingshaw had derided him the next morning. And
now, he had started taking himself off to some other part
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1 [ ... ]
of the house, a room that Hooper did not know had become
‘But then, I daresay he is a little shy. You will have to be Kingshaw’s fortress.
understanding about that, Edmund, there must always be a
little give and take in this sort of friendship. That is a lesson I
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5 [ ... ]
hope that you will learn in life very quickly. He has no father,
Though he remembered that he had rarely been allowed
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when all is said and done.’

beyond the garden. He had been summoned by his father to
Hooper looked up briefly, raising his eyebrows.
go and sit in the Red Room, to watch the moths in the poison
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2 [ ... ] bottle, to smell the smell of old books and watch the sunshine
lying across the garden, beyond the high windows.
But I came through, he said to himself now, I daresay that I am
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normal enough, that there is nothing so much wrong with me, 6 [ ... ]
in spite of it all. I shall not allow myself to feel guilty about it.
‘You should get out into the fresh air and the sunshine, not mew
Edmund will be like any other healthy boy, I am not to blame.
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yourselves up inside the house. It seems to me a very unhealthy

He watched the darkening countryside and then, after a time,
way of going on. I shall insist upon your going off into the
returned to his magazine, more settled in his mind. He felt
garden tomorrow, the moment you have eaten breakfast.’
exonerated.

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 A 
Looking up now, suddenly, he saw what it was about his own son that reminded him so

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vividly of himself. He was very pale. The village boys of Derne had always gone about half-
naked, their bodies brown as Indians, through the summers, but Joseph Hooper had rarely
gone out, and never been allowed to strip off his shirt, and so he had been very pale. Now,

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his own son was pale.

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B 
Mr Hooper coughed, turned his face away, and shifted a little in his seat. There is no telling,

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he thought, perhaps he does remember something of his mother, after all. We cannot
fathom the minds of young children. He was discomforted by his own lack of insight. He tried
to find some clue, in his son’s facial expression, as to what might be going on in his mind,
but there was only a blank. He could recall nothing of himself at the same age except that

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he had loathed his own father.

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He made plans for a long time, almost a week. Everything was worked out, except the time.
He had to find the right day. But, to begin with, it was harder than he had anticipated to
get the things together.

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D 
Slowly, remorselessly, the huge feet carried the hulking beast forward. The stench of the
marshes hung about it and the mud on its scaly hide was mud formed at the dawn of history.
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The blood and death it now sought were …

‘I suppose that I must speak to his mother.’
The train crossed over some points.
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Joseph Hooper was saying, ‘You had better both go off on some expedition or other, this
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weather is too good to last. I cannot remember being at a loose end here, in the summer
holidays when I was your age.’
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It was unexpected, Kingshaw was not that sort of a boy. Hooper could see quite clearly that
the experience of being tormented and disliked and repelled was new to him. For a while,
in the beginning, he had flinched in surprise, retreated, wondering how to cope. But he was
quick, his defences had gone up now.
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Edmund Hooper stared down at his own finger, as it lay across the comic, at the crinkled
skin and the dry, ragged line of nail. He imagined what his hands would be like in a flat, solid
block of flesh, without the divisions of fingers. Fingers were queer. But it was amazing to
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realise what things he would not be able to do. Underneath his hand were the gruesome
drawings of the Marsh Monster.
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 Language development: 2 Complete sentences 1–8 with phrases from the box
below. There are two extra phrases.
‘parts of the body’ idioms
picked holes in pick up the pieces
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH, PART 4
1 For questions 1–6, complete the second sentence so that picked your brains picky
it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the pick you up picked it up

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word given. Do not change the word given. You must use picked up on take your pick
between three and six words, including the word given. picked her way pick-me-up

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1 ‘What’s up with Jane? She doesn’t look very happy.’
MOUTH 1 ‘Sue, can I borrow one of your books?’ ‘Sure,

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.’
‘Jane looks rather .
Is anything up?’ 2 ‘Brian, can I for a moment? I need

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some advice on this report I’m writing.’
2 I have no idea why, but Katie just totally ignored me
in the supermarket! 3 ‘You’ve got a dose of gastric flu, Mrs Brown.
SHOULDER You probably on your business trip

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last week.’
I wonder why Katie in the

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supermarket. 4 Heidi through the pile of toys lying
scattered all over the bedroom floor to where her

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3 Sally was so nervous during her presentation that she son sat.
dropped her notes on the floor!
FINGERS 5 ‘There’s no point in taking two cars tonight, Jim.

Sally during her presentation,

and dropped her notes on the floor! gr So, I’ll from the office at 5.30. OK?’
6 It’s taken Paul a while to after his wife
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left him, but he’s coping a lot better since he sold
4 Paul never stops talking in class! It’s so annoying! the house.
NECK
7 My boss really my report this morning,
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Paul ! He never stops talking and after I’d worked so hard on it!
in class!
8 At the meeting, Tina what George had
5 The subject of politics has always caused friction
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said about the problem of security at the festival.

between Harry and his father.
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Key word: run
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Harry and his father over

politics. 3 Circle the correct word in italics to complete the
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6 Peter’s come up with a brilliant idea for a theatre following sentences.

group.
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1 Alice wanted to become politically active, so she ran

BRAINWAVE for cover / office.
Peter’s just about setting up a 2 David realised he was running a fever / risk by going
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theatre group. to see Helen, but he had to talk to her.

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3 ‘Could you run a(n) errand / story on the fire in the

next issue?’
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4 ‘Your proposal runs counter / parallel to company

policy, and so I cannot support it.’
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5 ‘Do you expect me to keep the car / engine running

while you talk on the phone for ten minutes?’
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 Grammar: passive forms
1 For the following sentences, choose the passive form which best reflects their meaning.
1 It is a good idea to teach children the value of saving money.
a Children will be taught the value of saving money.

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b Children should be taught the value of saving money.
2 People sometimes exaggerate the dangers of boys playing with toy guns.

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a The dangers of boys playing with toy guns can be exaggerated.
b The dangers of boys playing with toy guns should be exaggerated.

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3 People are certain to question the ethics of building a factory so near to the school.
a The ethics of building a factory so near to the school will be questioned.

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b The ethics of building a factory so near to the school should be questioned.
4 It is possible that people will criticise the new teaching policy.
a The new teaching policy will be criticised.

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b The new teaching policy may be criticised.

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5 People sometimes doubt the value of teaching boys domestic science.
a Doubts may be raised about the value of teaching boys domestic science.

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b Doubts can be raised about the value of teaching boys domestic science.
2 Rewrite the following sentences using two different passive forms.

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1 People think nine-year-old James Edwards is very talented.
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a It is thought that
b Nine-year-old James Edwards is thought to be
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2 There have been rumours that Mrs Reed is leaving the school.
a It
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b Mrs Reed
3 People believed the new sports programme had benefited the school.
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a It
b The school
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4 People have suggested that graphic novels could encourage children to read.
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a It
b Suggestions
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5 People often assume that an only child will be selfish.

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a It
b Assumptions
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3 Complete the following sentences.

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1 Sarah had stolen yesterday.

2 Paul mended by the plumber this morning.
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3 Ann went to that new hairdresser to done for the wedding.

4 We smashed by a brick last night.
5 Timmy got trapped in the door, and
had to be taken to hospital!

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 Listening: sentence completion Speaking: expressing opinions
SPOTLIGHT EXAM GUIDANCE
LISTENING, PART 2 Sentence completion

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1 Read the introductory rubric and the gapped sentences
carefully, to get an idea of what you are going to hear.
2 Try to predict the kind of information and form of word

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you will need to fill each gap, e.g. statistics, a noun, a
name or title etc.

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3 Usually, no more than three words are required for

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each gap.
4 Use specific words from the listening text, but check
you have written them in the correct form – that is,
singular or plural – to fit the task sentence.

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1 The pictures show children playing with different toys.
Compare two of the pictures, and say what children

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gain from playing with these toys and how they might
be feeling. Use some of the phrases below to help you
LISTENING, PART 2
1   2.1 You will hear a representative from the National
Association for Teaching English giving a talk on the gr They seem to be really enjoying themselves …
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use of graphic novels in the classroom. For questions He / she is obviously absorbed in what he / she is doing …
1–8, complete the sentences. They are really excited / frustrated / deep in concentration …
I think there are many benefits of playing in this way, for
According to the speaker, one of the reasons that
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example, …
children today are not interested in reading is that books
I’m reluctant to say this toy has no value, but its benefits
are not as (1) as video games. are rather limited …
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The speaker suggests that presenting students with I think this needs to be carefully monitored by parents …
(2) in comic format may help them
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develop their language and communicative skills. SPOTLIGHT CHECKLIST

SPEAKING, PART 2 Comparing pictures
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The comic book version of Shakespeare’s Romeo and

Juliet is set in (3) Remember:
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• You’ll be shown a set of three pictures, but will be asked

Purists may disagree with teaching children an abridged to comment on two of them.
version of a Shakespeare play, because it will lose some
• Listen carefully to what the interlocutor asks you to do.
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of the (4)
• The interlocutor’s prompt question is written above the
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Presenting Shakespeare as a graphic novel can be set of pictures, so use it to help you focus.
seen as a (5) towards children
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• When your partner is speaking about their pictures, listen

appreciating Shakespeare in its original form. carefully. You’ll be asked to comment on what they said.
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Macbeth and Henry V are being produced as graphic Tips

novels with (6) versions of text. • Practise comparing pictures in class, and expressing
opinions about them.
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The publisher’s idea is to make Shakespeare accessible to • Build up a record of useful words and phrases for
students of (7) comparing pictures and expressing opinions.

The speaker doubts whether this idea is

(8) but likes the idea of using
the graphic novel in the classroom.

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 Use of English: words READING AND USE OF ENGLISH, PART 1
2 For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer
easily confused (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

SPOTLIGHT CHECKLIST
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH, PART 1
Goodbye to Action Man?

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Multiple-choice cloze After 40 years of devoted service to the British toy industry, Action Man
Remember: was officially (1) from duty in 2006 and ‘left on the (2) ’,

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literally.
• Read the title and text through carefully,
before you answer any questions, to get a This much-loved toy first hit the British market in 1966, and altered the

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clear idea of the subject. playtime habits of boys across the nation. (3) by his American
counterpart, GI Joe, who had taken the American toy market (4) two
• For each question, consider the options

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years previously, British toy company Palitoy sought permission from Hasbro,
carefully before choosing your answer. the makers of GI Joe, to sell the toy in the UK. However, the name was
• Some of the options may appear to not suitable for the British market. The name ‘Action Man’ was (5)
be suitable, but only one will be both by Palitoy’s production manager, and it stuck. Action Man was (6)

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contextually and grammatically correct. articulated movable joints, and marketed as a ‘fighting figure’ rather than a

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doll for boys. His impact was instant and dramatic.
• Once you have completed the task, read it
Action Man’s (7) was during the 1970s and early 80s, and then his
through, with the completed gaps, to make

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popularity waned. Enthusiasts need not despair, however, as they can join
sure it makes sense.
a Collector’s Club and continue to (8) their abiding interest in this
Tips toy icon.
• Build up your knowledge of collocations,
phrasal verbs and prepositional phrases.
1
grA expelled B discarded C fired D discharged
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2 A street B table C shelf D road
• Keep a record of words which are easily
confused, and be aware of the differences
3 A Inspired B Influenced C Installed D Inlaid
between them. 4 A like lightning B by storm C to heart D head on
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5 A thought B derived C coined D contrived

1 Choose the correct word in italics to 6 A supplied B given C provided D equipped
complete the sentences below.
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7 A prime B heyday C height D achievement

1 Her perception / conception of an office 8 A please B entertain C delight D indulge
was one in which large windows let in
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plenty of natural light.

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2 James put on his football boots unwitting /

unconscious of the fact that the match had
been cancelled.
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3 She was inlaid / imbued with wonder at

the beauty of the ornate engagement ring.
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4 Whenever they think there is something

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wrong with their child, a parent should

trust their senses / instincts.
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5 Sally has developed a new method / means

for getting children to express their feelings.
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6 ‘I’m entitling / entrusting you with this

information in the hope that you will use
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it wisely.’
7 The findings / reports show a 20 per cent
increase in the number of under-age drinkers
in Britain.
8 She has little motive / incentive to do well
in school, as her parents show no interest
in her progress.
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 SPOTLIGHT CHECKLIST Writing: a review
WRITING, PART 2 Review
1 Read the following question, and underline three key points that your review
Remember: must include.
• Read the question carefully,
and make sure you understand

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A well-known market research consultancy is conducting an online survey of
what is required. Underline the
mobile phones. They have asked visitors to their website to send in reviews of
key points to help you focus.
a mobile phone, describing the services it provides, and stating whether all the

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• Think of the style, structures added services are really useful. You have decided to write a review and conclude
and vocabulary you will by saying who you would recommend your choice of mobile phone to and why.

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need, and make sure you feel
confident about answering the
2 Look at the following introductory paragraphs, and decide which one is the

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particular question.
most suitable for this task. Why are the others unsuitable for this question?
• After you have written your
answer, check that your style
and content are relevant to A The purpose of this report is to examine different types of mobile phone, the

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the question. value of the services they provide, and to make recommendations regarding the

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suitability of each one.
Tips

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• Read reviews of various kinds –
film, holidays, television B People buy mobile phones for numerous reasons. Not only is it useful,
programmes, consumer goods it has also become a fashion accessory, a status symbol. Your mobile
etc., to get a clear idea of the
style. gr
phone says something about the kind of person you are. Phones
of various shapes, sizes, and colours abound, but one model worth
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• Practise describing items and considering when making your choice is the … .
explaining how they work.
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• Keep a record of useful words

C I’ve had the latest model of the ... mobile phone for the last three
and phrases for making
recommendations. months and I think it’s great! It’s got a huge number of gadgets
and I can take photos, and even video my friends, if I want to. I
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like it for the reasons that I mention below.

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3 Writing a suitable conclusion is just as important as the introduction. Look at

the following conclusion to the task in exercise 1. What is wrong with it?
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For these reasons I like this particular model of mobile phone. I carry it with
me wherever I go and wouldn’t be without it!
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4 Think of suitable structures and descriptive vocabulary you could use in your
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answer to this question. Use some of the words and phrases below to help you.
Space has been provided for you to add to the list.
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revolutionary design status symbol complex

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streamline or slimline shape accessory sophisticated

bulky or awkward gadgets or extras plain or patterned
_______________ _______________ _______________
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5 Plan and write your review. Make sure you include the key points mentioned in
the question, and include a suitable introduction and conclusion.

22 UNIT 2

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