WAVE OPTICS
thesame fohase of illations. A wanelt s the fo
ot oistwlamee duu to oopagotiin igt
TYPES OF wAVEFRONT
1. &kherieal,uneft
2. Gylindieal wawfod
3. Clome waneton
HUY GEN'5 PRINCIPLE
Aeeordling to uach faint on the wawegont
serondauy ditinbance and to genoati
seondany wenelet tamgn aedam om
frima ovelet amd a common line touching
thu tamgent will yam scenday avelet,
LAWS OF REFLECTION -
AB incident wawefent
A'8' yleetid wavefent
haA B8' and aAB'A
AB'
CT
A A'
LAws OF REFRACTION -
S ABB' ond o AA'8'
AB! AB'
A8' A B
A
6n
AB neident
A'6' sfatd
o = 1n2
HAVIDUR OF PRISM, LENS ANDSPHERICAL
BE
MIRROR TOWAR0S WAVEFRON T
1. Buim
Amcidnt
2.
incident
plame
wae
3. 8phoical
ns
(
Mivo
ohoical
neident
PRINCI PLE OF SUPERP0SI TON 3)
Y=
d1 a an wt
Y=
= a bin ut + b hin (wt+)
Y= a sn wt + b &in ot ca + cas wt sn J
= +b
Y Kiu wt a vcos ]+ Ke wt sn¢
-
Y= R sinl wt te) Ramplitude
Bquaning and adding
a +
(atb cos )+(sin)-
+ 2ab
R?
b veoo cs t bkii = R
a.+ 2ab ceo + b'= R
R= a+b+2ab ces
Rman. Rmin. Ce = -1
9= 0,2 T,4T... = I, 37,5J...
Rman. = J(a+b)2 R min. =
R man. =
(a tb) R min. = (a-b)
I,db2
I, ka I, = k
IR Ka
IR K (a²+ b² + 2ab ces )
IR I, +I2 t 2 NI, I, cos
2
max.
I man, = (( I, +JT)contuctia itfoence
I min.
(JI, - I)* .dustuetive intrjrenee
INTERFE RENCE OF LIGHT
Kediibidutin of ligtht neny tom tuo cohen
foaint.
Gehvet sowc
bame uqney geomsant phaa dieren
YOUNG S DOUBLE SLIT EXPERIMENT
P
S1
S2
Sn Young% doutle slit korpriment,
i) tinge oidth af bight and dauh finge
wh, =
o= distamee lttuwen slit and seuen
d = ditamee between tuwo slit
D
(Üy šepanatin of mth anden bight tuing tom
vcentnal inge
d whe m= 1, 2,3...
cntal ting
.whu m = 1,2,3..
2d
() ngulon fositin n andr
(b) Dak pingy % - (2 whe, n =1,2,3...
(v) wicth douas,when asfeonotus
Beinge
e takem tem ait to a denser
whole
medim ,du to the
deerea n wawelength of the
DISTRIBUTI0NOF INTENSITY
Iman man.
min.
INTEN5ITY OF LIGHT (I) à fnehotinal to the width
(d) o slit and nat at slit - width (a)
de I, a,
• Ratio t mam amd mi m
Iman. (a,taa)* (Mt
I mm. (a,- 2)*
whu, = a1
FRINGE WIDTH
Uhe dience ketureen twe oonscctive dak amd
bight qringes
benditions tor winttne
1. Koweu must o cohent
2. Distanebetwen slit and sen sheuld t lag.
[Link] ketuen slita mt smell e
DIFFRAC TION oF LIGHT
Ihe phnemenon of bending light arnd thu
shano cones and the
soeading light within
thu geometical shacdeu o the aaque elstaclls ui
called ditaction a kight
at
A
geometrical
&hacou
6 gomtrical
YOUNG'S 5INGLE 5LII
coL (9o- e)= B
minima masima
tot
n= 1,2,3... (2nr)2
2
M= 1
n= 2 20
a M= 2
CENTRAL 2a
MA XIMA
ngulon width ay
centhal manima
-3A -2A 2A 3A
RESOLV IN G POOER. OF OPIICAL INSTRUME
-NIS
ability a the instument o
fredue distincy
(ü) Rusalwing fawer a a telwcst
de 1.22A
de-angle sustnded diy the to
twe etind sjeeta
aljtine
0= diamitu tu
wjectiwe
8
DIFFERENCE BETOEEN INTERFERENCE
PAT TERN
AND THE DFFACTION. PATTERN
CHARAC
INTERFERENCE DIFFRAC TION
TE RISTICS
eetral right
FR INGE hu
dank inge au fringe hawe got doully
WINTH
aual iidth. width to that of with
o secenday manima
o minima
INTENSITY 4e bight tinga Bentra tringe
OF BRI GHTat bane brighteut and intmity
FRINGES Aecondany maima,
wintenaity
deeeas wit the inlase
mascima on sde
ither
t cenal maima.
POLAR TISATION
he fohenomenon f esticting the ibatins af light
faliulan dirction pondiular to the
vdiectin o wae motin called halasatin of
Right. Colaisatio Ans the anvene natune st
ight.
•Polarisvnd - A dlie that plane -ypolaniee the
folaisen. &aampe-
Jomaline.
ydal, nicdl friem , polarsid.
MAL U5LAW
Aoeerding te lawhen a beom t
ot Malus,
an
comoltuly plane pelaisd ight is incidet
m
analyen, the wesultant intnity f ligtt (I)
tramimittd trom the analyn varie diuty
Ch squane af the ceine of the amgle o etween the
plone ot ransmisin af analyun ond polaise.
nfpolanid Cslonisd
faarin P2
rtmity I, Colarin P
BREWSTER'S ANGLE
i) the ange o einedena at wthich the ylectd ligtht
angle ion Brusstor'a ange (ia)
i) Aecsnding to thi lou, when nempolaniud ligtt
iniident at polariing amge is
spanting ain fom a medum ot ugvace indee
u, then thu uyluctid light blane olorisd s fhaide
wh,ia= Brsstun's angl M- afactie uindee
Lgt 9o.
trom bnell's laur,
sin(90-ia)
(polariid)
(fonbilly polamid)
POLAROIDS
Colanaidavae the commeial vdeice to oedue
plane falarid light making
abronatien. Colareide ane uid in Aunglaseos
wind seun, onde yoame ef aeplane and
to make imagee wiiid and ielea.
(i) Retin (Buwstr 's law)
(Ü) keatteing
ci) Route iuactiin (ealeit)
(iv) kelectin absonstin (dickneim)
