Department of Communications Engineering
Digital Signal Processing [COMM 602]
Prof. Ahmed El-Mahdy
Tutorial 5
Problem 1:
a) The unilateral (one-sided) Z-transform has the same properties as the bilateral (two-sided) one,
with the exception of the time shifting property. Demonstrate this for the following signal:
[ ] [ ⏟ ]
b) Use the final value theorem to determine:
i) [ ], where
( )
( )
( )( ) ( )
ii) The asymptotic value of the step response of the system characterized by the impulse
response
[ ] [ ]
c) Use the initial value theorem to determine [ ], where
( )
( ) | |
( ) ( )( )
Problem 2:
It is often the case that the input signal to a causal LTI system is unknown before a certain time instant, but
is by no means zero. The output of such system cannot be determined using the bilateral Z-transform as it
requires that the corresponding signals be specified for the entire time range.
Since the system is causal, the effect of the unknown part of the signal can be inferred by examining the
state of the output just before applying the input (the so-called initial conditions). The unilateral Z-
transform provides a means for determining the output of such systems.
Determine the output of the following causal systems:
a) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
b) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
Problem 3:
Each term of the well-known Fibonacci sequence of integer numbers is the summation of the two
previous terms . Determine a closed-form expression for the nth term.
Problem 4:
Determine the transfer function, and the type of impulse response for the following systems. Also, sketch
their Direct form I and II realizations.
a) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
b) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
c) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
d) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
Problem 5:
When implementing a signal processing system on computer hardware, the effects of finite-precision
arithmetic (such as quantization, and round-off noise) limit the system performance. These undesirable
effects are minimized by decomposing high-order systems into multiple second-order systems.
Decompose the following system into cascade and parallel systems, and implement them using minimum
possible hardware.
( )( )( )
( )
( )( )( )( )
√ √
Problem 6:
Determine the transfer function and the difference equation that describe the system shown in the figure:
