Data analytics with Excel BCS358A

EXPERIMENT NO 1:
Getting started with Excel: Creation of spread sheets, Insertion of
rows and columns, Drag & Fill , use of Aggregate functions.
1. Creating spreadsheet:
Open Excel: Launch Microsoft Excel on your computer.
New spreadsheet: Click on “File” and then “New” to create a new spreadsheet. You can
also use a template if you prefer.
Enter data: Click on a cell and start typing to enter data. Press Enter or Tab to move to the
next cell.

2. Inserting Rows and Columns:

Insert Row: Right-click on a row number and select “Insert”. This adds a new row above
then select row.
Insert column: Right-click on a column and select “Insert”. This adds a new column to the
left of the selected column.

Shortcut Keys: Alternatively, use ctr++(plus key) to insert rows and columns.

3. Drag and Fill:

Use Autofill Handle: Enter data in a cell or a series of cells. Then, lower over the bottom
right corner of the cell or cell range until you see a small square (the fill handle) .

Drag to Fill: Click and drag the fill handle across or down the cells where you want to
replicate or extend the data.

Auto-Complete Series: Excel can auto-complete a series like dates, numbers and even some
custom lists.

4. Using Aggregate Functions:

Basic Functions: Familiarize yourself with functions like SUM, AVERAGE, MIN, MAX,
COUNT.

Formula Bar: To use a function, click on a cell and type in the formula bar. For example =
SUM(A1:A10) adds up the values from A1 to A10.

Function wizard: Use the “Insert Function” wizard for functions and get step by step
guidance on how to use them.

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Sl no Student name USN Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3 Total Marks Average Max Min
1 Ram 4KV23CE001 89 79 90 258 86 90 79
2 Bheem 4KV23CE002 90 90 98 278 92.66667 98 90
3 Arjun 4KV23CE003 89 89 78 256 85.33333 89 78
4 Krishn 4KV23CE004 97 90 90 277 92.33333 97 90
5 likhin 4KV23CE005 99 98 99 296 98.66667 99 98
6 Mokshith 4KV23CE006 99 97 98 294 98 99 97
7 Rahul 4KV23CE007 98 96 97 291 97 98 96
8 Karthik 4KV23CE008 97 97 90 284 94.66667 97 90
9 Mithun 4KV23CE009 96 96 97 289 96.33333 97 96
10 Jeevan 4KV23CE010 94 95 96 285 95 96 94
11 Thanush 4KV23CE011 97 94 95 286 95.33333 97 94
12 Prajwal 4KV23CE012 98 92 97 287 95.66667 98 92
13 Mohith 4KV23CE013 87 99 98 284 94.66667 99 87
14 Venkatesh 4KV23CE014 89 98 97 284 94.66667 98 89
15 Lavith 4KV23CE015 90 90 96 276 92 96 90

Total count 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

Fig 1.1: Student Details

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Data analytics with Excel BCS358A

EXPERIMENT NO 2:
Working with Data: Importing data, Data Entry and Manipulation,
Sorting & Filtering.
1. Importing Data into Excel
From Text Files: Go to Data> Get External Data> From Text. Browse for your text file
(CSV, TXT) and follow the import wizard to import the data into Excel.

From other Sources: Excel allows importing from the various sources like other Excel
files, data bases (SQL, Access), web pages, ect. Use Data> Get External Data, and select
appropriate source.

Copy- Paste Method: You can also copy data from other sources and paste it directly
into an Excel spread sheet.

2. Data Entry& Manipulation

Data Entry: Click on a cell and start typing to enter data. Use Tab to move horizontally
and Enter to move vertically after entering data in a cell.

Fill Handle: Use the fill handle (small square at the bottom- right corner of a cell) to drag
and replicate data or to fill a series.

Formulas: Use formulas for calculation and data manipulation. Start formulas with an
equal sign (=) followed by your calculation (E.g, = A2+ B2)

Flash Fill: Excel’s Flash fill feature (Data > Flash Fill) can automatically fill in data
based on pattern you provide.

3. Sorting Data
Basic sorting: Select the data range or column you want to sort. Then go to Data> sort.
Choose to sort by a specific column and select the sorting order.
Custom Sort: For more complex sorting, use the custom sort option where you can sort
by multiple columns and define specific sorting criteria for each column.

4. Filtering Data
Applying Filters: Click on Data> Filter. This will add drop down arrows in the header
row of your data set. Click these arrows to filter data based on values, text, dates or use of
custom criteria.

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Advanced Filtering: For more complex filtering criteria, use the advanced Filter option.
This allows foe setting up multiple criteria and can also copy filtered data to another
location.

Sl no Student name USN Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3 Total Marks Average Max Min
1 Ram 4KV23CE001 89 79 90 258 86 90 79
2 Bheem 4KV23CE002 90 90 98 278 92.66666667 98 90
3 Arjun 4KV23CE003 89 89 78 256 85.33333333 89 78
4 Krishn 4KV23CE004 97 90 90 277 92.33333333 97 90
5 likhin 4KV23CE005 99 98 99 296 98.66666667 99 98
6 Mokshith 4KV23CE006 99 97 98 294 98 99 97
7 Rahul 4KV23CE007 98 96 97 291 97 98 96
8 Karthik 4KV23CE008 97 97 90 284 94.66666667 97 90
9 Mithun 4KV23CE009 96 96 97 289 96.33333333 97 96
10 Jeevan 4KV23CE010 94 95 96 285 95 96 94
11 Thanush 4KV23CE011 97 94 95 286 95.33333333 97 94
12 Prajwal 4KV23CE012 98 92 97 287 95.66666667 98 92
13 Mohith 4KV23CE013 87 99 98 284 94.66666667 99 87
14 Venkatesh 4KV23CE014 89 98 97 284 94.66666667 98 89
15 Lavith 4KV23CE015 90 90 96 276 92 96 90

Total count 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

Fig 2.1: Applying Filters

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EXPERIMENT NO 3:
Working with Data: Data Validation, Pivot Tables & Pivot Charts.
1. Data Validation
Data Validation in Excel is used to control the type of data or the values that users can
enter into a cell.

How to Use Data Validation:

Select the Cells: First, select the cells where you want to apply data validation.

Set Validation Criteria: Go to Data > Data Validation. In the Data Validation dialog
box, under the 'Settings' tab, you can specify the criteria. For example, you can choose to
allow only:

o Whole numbers or decimal in a specific range.

o Dates within a specific range.
o A list of values (entered manually or referenced from a range on the sheet).
o Text of a specific length.

Input Message and Error Alert: Optionally, you can provide an input message that
appears when the cell is selected, and an error message that appears when someone enters
invalid data.

2. Pivot Tables
Pivot Tables are one of Excel's most powerful features, used to quickly summarize large
amounts of data.

Creating a Pivot Table:

Select Your Data: Click on any single cell in a data set.

Insert Pivot Table: Go to Insert > PivotTable. Excel will automatically select the data
for the PivotTable.

Choose Location: Decide where you want the PivotTable report to be placed.

Arrange Fields: Drag and drop fields from your dataset into the 'Row Labels', 'Column
Labels', 'Values', and 'Filters' areas.

Customize and Analyze: Use the PivotTable Field List to arrange your data, apply
filters, and make any adjustments to get the view you need.

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3. Pivot Charts
Pivot Charts are visual representations of Pivot Table data and are useful in making data
more understandable.

Creating a Pivot Chart:

Create a Pivot Table: You need a Pivot Table as the basis for a Pivot Chart.

Insert Pivot Chart: With the Pivot Table active, go to Insert > Charts > PivotChart.

Choose Chart Type: Select the type of chart that best fits your data (like Column, Line,
Pie, Bar, etc.).

Customize the Chart: After the chart is created, you can customize it by changing its
style, layout, and format. You can also filter the chart data using the field buttons on the
chart.

Order Date Branch Manager Name Sale's Man Items Units Unit Price Sales Amount
12-09-2024 B1 Krishna Tony Laptop 1 50000 50000
13-09-2024 B1 Ram Stark TV 1 30000 30000
14-09-2024 B1 Bheem Thor Processor 4 10000 40000
15-09-2024 B2 Raju Captain Mouse 4 1500 6000
16-09-2024 B2 John Steve Keyboard 6 2000 12000
17-09-2024 B2 Snow Hulk Monitor 2 15000 30000
18-09-2024 B3 Arjun Vision Controllers 7 14000 98000
19-09-2024 B3 Manu Wanda Scanner 3 30000 90000
20-09-2024 B3 Riya Spider Printer 4 35000 140000
21-09-2024 B3 Riya Peter Projector 4 25000 100000
22-09-2024 B1 Krishna Parker CPU 2 16000 32000
23-09-2024 B1 Bheem Iron Man Hard Disk 2 3000 6000
24-09-2024 B2 John Loki SSD 6 3500 21000
25-09-2024 B3 Arjun Moon Mother Board 3 32000 96000
26-09-2024 B1 Ram Knight Mobile 2 50000 100000
27-09-2024 B2 Snow Rocket Tablet 2 25000 50000
28-09-2024 B3 Manu Groot Pendrive 8 1200 9600
29-09-2024 B1 Krishna Star Lord USB Cable 9 200 1800
30-09-2024 B1 Ram Black Widow Dongle 2 3000 6000

Fig 3.1: Sales Data

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Row Labels Sum of Units Sum of Unit Price Sum of Sales Amount
Bheem 6 13000 46000
Iron Man 2 3000 6000
Hard Disk 2 3000 6000
Thor 4 10000 40000
Processor 4 10000 40000
Krishna 12 66200 83800
Parker 2 16000 32000
CPU 2 16000 32000
Star Lord 9 200 1800
USB Cable 9 200 1800
Tony 1 50000 50000
Laptop 1 50000 50000
Ram 4 53000 106000
Black Widow 2 3000 6000
Dongle 2 3000 6000
Knight 2 50000 100000
Mobile 2 50000 100000
Ram 1 30000 30000
Stark 1 30000 30000
TV 1 30000 30000
Grand Total 23 162200 265800

Fig 3.2: Pivot Table

120000

100000

80000

60000 Sum of Units

40000 Sum of Unit Price

20000 Sum of Sales Amount

0
Hard DiskProcessor CPU USB Laptop Dongle Mobile TV
Cable
Iron Man Thor Parker Star Lord Tony Black Knight Stark
Widow
Bheem Krishna Ram Ram

Fig 3.3: Pivot Chart

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EXPERIMENT NO 4:
Data Analysis Process: Conditional Formatting, What-If Analysis,
Data Tables, Charts & Graphs.
1. Conditional Formatting
Conditional Formatting in Excel allows you to automatically format cells based on their
values, making it easier to visualize data trends and exceptions.

How to Use Conditional Formatting:

Select the Data: Highlight the cells or range you want to format.

Apply Conditional Formatting: Go to Home > Conditional Formatting. Here, you can
choose from several options:

Highlight Cell Rules: For example, highlighting cells that are greater than a
certain value.

Top/Bottom Rules: Such as highlighting the top 10%.

Data Bars or Color Scales: These add a visual element to your cells, reflecting
the value's magnitude.

Icon Sets: Icons that vary based on the cell value.

Create Custom Rules: Use New Rule for more specific or complex criteria.

2. What-If Analysis
What-If Analysis tools in Excel allow you to experiment with your data and analyze
different scenarios.

Types of What-If Analysis Tools:

Goal Seek: Adjusts a value in one cell to achieve a desired result in another cell. Useful
for backward calculations. Found under Data > What-If Analysis > Goal Seek.

Data Tables: Provides a way to view the results of changing one or two variables in your
formulas. Particularly useful for sensitivity analysis.

Scenario Manager: Lets you create and save different groups of input values and switch
between these scenarios to view different results.

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3. Data Tables
Data Tables are part of the What-If Analysis tools and are used for systematic analysis of
various outcomes based on changing input values.

Creating a Data Table:

Set Up Your Base Data: You should have a model or formula set up that you want to
analyze.

Create the Data Table: Enter the range of values for the input variables in a row or
column near your model.

Go to Data > What-If Analysis > Data Table: Specify the row or column input cell and
Excel will calculate the model for each input value.

4. Charts & Graphs

Charts and Graphs are essential for visualizing data, making it easier to understand and
communicate.

Creating Charts and Graphs:

Select Your Data: Highlight the data that you want to include in the chart.

Choose Chart Type: Go to Insert > Charts. Select the type of chart that best represents
your data (Column, Line, Pie, Bar, etc.).

Customize Your Chart: Add titles, change the chart style, and adjust the layout for
clarity and better presentation.

Order ID Customer ID Gender Age Date of order Month Online PlatformCategory of product Unit Price Size Quantity Amount Shipping city
OID001 CUID001 Male 18 05-11-2024 November Amazon Electronic 5000 13 65000 Mangalore
OID002 CUID002 Female 46 06-12-2024 December Flipkart Electronic 3500 21 73500 Madikeri
OID003 CUID003 Female 36 07-06-2024 June Flipkart Clothing 3300 23 75900 Mysore
OID004 CUID004 Male 21 08-08-2024 August Amazon Stationary 1000 34 34000 Mangalore
OID005 CUID005 Male 23 09-05-2024 May Flipkart Clothing 1500 19 28500 Puttur
OID006 CUID006 Female 32 10-01-2024 January Flipkart Stationary 6000 9 54000 Madikeri
OID007 CUID007 Male 19 11-07-2024 July Amazon Electronic 4000 18 72000 Mysore
OID008 CUID008 Male 16 12-08-2024 August Amazon Clothing 4500 18 81000 Puttur
OID009 CUID009 Male 27 13-01-2024 January Amazon Clothing 3500 16 56000 Mangalore
OID010 CUID010 Female 13 14-10-2024 October Flipkart Electronic 2300 17 39100 Mysore

Fig 4.1: Sales Analysis

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Fig 4.2: Column Chart

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EXPERIMENT NO 5:
Cleaning Data with Text Functions: Use of UPPER and LOWER,
TRIM function, Concatenate.
1. UPPER Function:
This function converts all letters in a text string to uppercase. Its useful for standardizing
text data, such as names or titles.

Syntax: =UPPER(text)

Example: If cell A1 has the text “excel Data”, =UPPER(A1) will return “EXCEL
DATA”.

2. LOWER Function:
This function converts all letters in a text string to lowercase. It’s used for creating
uniformity, especially when data comes from different sources.

Syntax: =LOWER(text)

Example: If cell A1 has the text “Excel DATA”, =LOWER(A1) will return “excel
data”.

3. TRIM Function:
The TRIM function removes all spaces from text except for single spaces between words.
Its useful for cleaning up data that contains irregular spacing, especially data imported
from other sources.

Syntax: =TRIM(text)

Example: If cell A1 has the text “Excel Data”, =TRIM(A1) will return “Excel Data”
(with single spacing).

4. CONCATENATE Function:
This function combines two or more text strings into one string. Its useful for merging
data from different columns.

Syntax: =CONCATENATE(text1, [text2], ...)

Example: If cell A1 has “Excel” and cell B1 has “Data”, =CONCATENATE(A1, “

”,B1) will return “Excel Data”.

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SL NO USN NAME TRIM UPPER LOWER PROPER CONCATENATE

1 4KV23CE001 ANISH A ANISH A ANISH A anish a Anish A 4KV23CE001 ANISH A
2 4KV23CE002 DARSHINI D M DARSHINI D M DARSHINI D M darshini d m Darshini D M 4KV23CE002 DARSHINI D M
3 4KV23CE003 ANSHEEDA ANSHEEDA ANSHEEDA ansheeda Ansheeda 4KV23CE003 ANSHEEDA
4 4KV23CE004 MOKSHITH M D MOKSHITH M D MOKSHITH M D mokshith m d Mokshith M D 4KV23CE004 MOKSHITH M D
5 4KV23CE005 MOKSHA K MOKSHA K MOKSHA K moksha k Moksha K 4KV23CE005 MOKSHA K
6 4KV23CE006 THSNUSH K T THSNUSH K T THSNUSH K T thsnush k t Thsnush K T 4KV23CE006 THSNUSH K T
7 4KV23CE007 VENKATESH R VENKATESH R VENKATESH R venkatesh r Venkatesh R 4KV23CE007 VENKATESH R
8 4KV23CE008 LIKHIN M N LIKHIN M N LIKHIN M N likhin m n Likhin M N 4KV23CE008 LIKHIN M N
9 4KV23CE009 JEEVAN K JEEVAN K JEEVAN K jeevan k Jeevan K 4KV23CE009 JEEVAN K
10 4KV23CE010 KARTHIK KARTHIK KARTHIK karthik Karthik 4KV23CE010 KARTHIK
11 4KV23CE011 MITHUN R NAIK MITHUN R NAIK MITHUN R NAIK mithun r naik Mithun R Naik 4KV23CE011 MITHUN R NAIK
12 4KV23CE012 PRAJWAL PRAJWAL PRAJWAL prajwal Prajwal 4KV23CE012 PRAJWAL
13 4KV23CE013 KRISHNA KUMAR KRISHNA KUMAR KRISHNA KUMAR krishna kumar Krishna Kumar 4KV23CE013 KRISHNA KUMAR
14 4KV23CE014 RAHUL RAHUL RAHUL rahul Rahul 4KV23CE014 RAHUL
15 4KV23CE015 ROHITH ROHITH ROHITH rohith Rohith 4KV23CE015 ROHITH
16 4KV23CE016 ROHIT SHARMA ROHIT SHARMA ROHIT SHARMA rohit sharma Rohit Sharma 4KV23CE016 ROHIT SHARMA
17 4KV23CE017 K L RAHUL K L RAHUL K L RAHUL k l rahul K L Rahul 4KV23CE017 K L RAHUL
18 4KV23CE018 SHREYAS IYER SHREYAS IYER SHREYAS IYER shreyas iyer Shreyas Iyer 4KV23CE018 SHREYAS IYER
19 4KV23CE019 HARDHIK P HARDHIK P HARDHIK P hardhik p Hardhik P 4KV23CE019 HARDHIK P
20 4KV23CE020 JASPRIT BUMBRAH JASPRIT BUMBRAH JASPRIT BUMBRAH jasprit bumbrah Jasprit Bumbrah 4KV23CE020 JASPRIT BUMBRAH

Fig 5.1: Cleaning Data with Text Function

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EXPERIMENT NO 6:
Cleaning Data Containing Date and Time Values: Use of
DATEVALUE function, DATEADD and DATEDIF, TIMEVALUE
Functions.
1. DATEVALUE Function:
The DATEVALUE function in Excel is used to convert a date in the form of text to a date
serial number that Excel recognizes as a date. The syntax is DATEVALUE(date_text).
This is particularly useful when you’re dealing with dates that Excel doesn’t
automatically recognize as date formats.

Example: =DATEVALUE(“2024-01-31”) would return the serial number for January

31, 2024.

2. DATEADD Function:
There isn’t a DATEADD function in Excel. However, you can perform similar operations
using other functions like EDATE for adding months to a date or using simple addition
for adding days. For adding years, months, or days to a date, you can use the formula
DATE(year, month, day) + number_of_days.

Example: =DATE(2024, 1, 31) + 30 would add 30 days to January 31, 2024.

3. DATEDIF Function:
The DATEDIF function calculates the difference between two dates. The syntax is
DATEDIF(start_date, end_date, “unit”), where “unit” is a code that specifies the time unit
to use (e.g., "Y" for years, “M” for months, “D” for days).

Example: =DATEDIF(“2024-01-01”, “2024-01-31”, “D”) would calculate the number

of days between January 1, 2024, and January 31, 2024.

4. TIMEVALUE Function:
The TIMEVALUE function converts a time in the form of text to a decimal number
representing the time in Excel. The syntax is TIMEVALUE(time_text).

Example: =TIMEVALUE(“[Link]”) would return the decimal number representing

1:45 PM in Excel.

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DATE MONTH YEAR DOB TODAY AGE DATE VALUE

Y M D TEXT DATE
2 10 1996 02-10-1996 01-10-2024 27 11 29 02-10-1996 35340
15 5 1985 15-05-1985 01-10-2024 39 4 16 15-05-1985 31182
25 12 1999 25-12-1999 01-10-2024 24 9 6 25-12-1999 36519
5 12 2001 05-12-2001 01-10-2024 22 9 26 05-12-2001 37230
26 2 2006 26-02-2006 01-10-2024 18 7 5 26-02-2006 38774
30 5 2003 30-05-2003 01-10-2024 21 4 1 30-05-2003 37771
4 6 2004 04-06-2004 01-10-2024 20 3 27 04-06-2004 38142
6 11 2002 06-11-2002 01-10-2024 21 10 25 06-11-2002 37566
17 8 2005 17-08-2005 01-10-2024 19 1 14 17-08-2005 38581

Fig 6.1: Cleaning Data Containing Date Value

HOURS MIN SEC TIME TEXT_TIME TIME VALUE

10 55 12 10:55 AM [Link] 0.455
12 46 56 12:46 PM [Link] 0.532592593
2 28 34 2:28 AM [Link] 0.103171296
4 39 6 4:39 AM [Link] 0.193819444
6 17 8 6:17 AM [Link] 0.261898148
3 38 38 3:38 AM [Link] 0.151828704
4 49 23 4:49 AM [Link] 0.200960648
8 6 51 8:06 AM [Link] 0.338090278
11 59 59 11:59 AM [Link] 0.499988426

Fig 6.2: Cleaning Data Containing Time Value

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EXPERIMENT NO 7:
Conditional Formatting: Formatting, parsing, and highlighting data
in spreadsheets during data analysis.
Basics of Conditional Formatting:
What it Does: Conditional formatting changes the appearance of cells in a spreadsheet
based on specific conditions or criteria. For example, you can set rules to change the
background color, font color, or apply other formatting styles to cells if they meet certain
conditions.

Criteria: You can base conditions on a variety of criteria, such as specific values, text,
dates, the outcome of formulas, or even comparison with other cells.

Common Use Cases:

Highlighting Cells: Changing the background or text color of cells based on their values
is one of the most common uses. For example, highlighting cells in red if they contain values
below a certain threshold.

Data Bars or Color Scales: These visual aids fill cells with a gradient or bar, reflecting
the cell’s value in comparison to others in the range. Higher values might get a deeper color
or longer bar.

Icon Sets: Adding icons (like arrows or flags) to cells to represent data categories or value
ranges, making it easy to visualize data status or trends.

Duplicate Values: Identifying and marking duplicate values within a range to easily spot
and remove or analyze them.

Top/Bottom Values: Highlighting the top or bottom N values or percentages in a dataset

to focus on outliers or significant data points.

How to Implement Conditional Formatting:

While the exact steps can vary slightly between spreadsheet applications (e.g., Microsoft
Excel, Google Sheets), the basic process is generally the same:

Select the Range: First, select the cells or range of cells you want to apply conditional
formatting to.

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Find Conditional Formatting: Look for the ‘Conditional Formatting’ option in the
menu. In Excel, it’s under the ‘Home’ tab, and in Google Sheets, it’s under ‘Format’.

Set the Rule: Choose the type of rule you want to apply (e.g., greater than, less than,
between, equal to, text that contains, date is, etc.). You can also use custom formulas for
more complex conditions.

Choose the Formatting: Select the formatting style (e.g., color fill, text color, data bars)
you want to apply when the condition is met.

Apply and Review: After setting the rule and formatting, apply it to check the results.
Adjust the rule or formatting as necessary.

Sl no Student name USN Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3 Total Marks Average Max Min
1 Ram 4KV23CE001 78 79 96 253 84.33333 96 78
2 Bheem 4KV23CE002 90 90 99 279 93 99 90
3 Arjun 4KV23CE003 95 99 90 284 94.66667 99 90
4 Krishn 4KV23CE004 96 92 93 281 93.66667 96 92
5 likhin 4KV23CE005 94 96 99 289 96.33333 99 94
6 Mokshith 4KV23CE006 95 97 98 290 96.66667 98 95
7 Rahul 4KV23CE007 93 96 97 286 95.33333 97 93
8 Karthik 4KV23CE008 94 97 97 288 96 97 94
9 Mithun 4KV23CE009 97 96 93 286 95.33333 97 93
10 Jeevan 4KV23CE010 99 95 96 290 96.66667 99 95
11 Thanush 4KV23CE011 97 94 97 288 96 97 94
12 Prajwal 4KV23CE012 97 92 98 287 95.66667 98 92
13 Mohith 4KV23CE013 89 99 98 286 95.33333 99 89
14 Venkatesh 4KV23CE014 93 98 97 288 96 98 93
15 Lavith 4KV23CE015 100 90 96 286 95.33333 100 90

Fig 7.1: Conditional Formatting

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EXPERIMENT NO 8:
Working with Multiple Sheets: Work with multiple sheets within a
workbook is crucial for organizing and managing data, perform
complex calculations and create comprehensive reports.
Organizing Data Across Sheets
Logical Grouping: Use separate sheets to categorize data logically. For example, you
might have individual sheets for different types of expenses, months, departments, or
geographic regions.

Template Sheets: Create template sheets for repetitive data structures. This is useful for
monthly reports, where each sheet follows the same format but contains different data.

Linking Data Between Sheets

Cell References: You can reference cells on other sheets to perform calculations or
aggregate data. For example, =Sheet2!A1 references cell A1 on Sheet2. This is useful for
summarizing data from multiple sheets onto a master sheet.

3D References: In some spreadsheet applications like Excel, you can use 3D references
to perform calculations across the same cell or range in multiple sheets. For example,
=SUM(Sheet1:Sheet3!A1) sums the values in cell A1 across Sheet1, Sheet2, and Sheet3.

Complex Calculations and Data Analysis

Pivot Tables: Use pivot tables to analyze and summarize complex datasets stored across
multiple sheets. You might need to consolidate the data into a single range or use external
data connections, depending on the application.

Lookup Functions: Functions like VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, INDEX, and MATCH can
retrieve and correlate data across sheets. For instance, you can look up a product price on
a “Pricing” sheet and use it in a calculation on a “Sales” sheet.

Comprehensive Reporting
Dashboard Sheets: Create dashboard sheets that pull key metrics and summaries from
other sheets. Use charts, conditional formatting, and summary statistics to provide at-a-
glance insights.

Dynamic Charts: Charts can source data from multiple sheets to visualize trends,
comparisons, and patterns in a unified manner.

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Sl no USN Student name IA 1 IA 2 FINAL IA

1 4KV23CE001 Ram 25 19 22
2 4KV23CE002 Bheem 18 23 20.5
3 4KV23CE003 Arjun 23 14 18.5
4 4KV23CE004 Krishn 14 23 18.5
5 4KV23CE005 likhin 15 25 20
6 4KV23CE006 Mokshith 24 23 23.5
7 4KV23CE007 Rahul 17 12 14.5
8 4KV23CE008 Karthik 19 23 21
9 4KV23CE009 Mithun 24 22 23
10 4KV23CE010 Jeevan 23 24 23.5
11 4KV23CE011 Thanush 15 23 19
12 4KV23CE012 Prajwal 19 23 21
13 4KV23CE013 Mohith 20 21 20.5
14 4KV23CE014 Venkatesh 23 12 17.5
15 4KV23CE015 Lavith 12 25 18.5

Fig 8.1: Student IA marks

Sl no USN Student name ASS MARKS

1 4KV23CE001 Ram 23
2 4KV23CE002 Bheem 25
3 4KV23CE003 Arjun 24
4 4KV23CE004 Krishn 23
5 4KV23CE005 likhin 25
6 4KV23CE006 Mokshith 25
7 4KV23CE007 Rahul 24
8 4KV23CE008 Karthik 23
9 4KV23CE009 Mithun 21
10 4KV23CE010 Jeevan 25
11 4KV23CE011 Thanush 24
12 4KV23CE012 Prajwal 21
13 4KV23CE013 Mohith 22
14 4KV23CE014 Venkatesh 21
15 4KV23CE015 Lavith 23

Fig 8.2: Student Assignment Marks

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Sl no USN Student name FINAL IA + TOTAL ASS

1 4KV23CE001 Ram 45
2 4KV23CE002 Bheem 45.5
3 4KV23CE003 Arjun 42.5
4 4KV23CE004 Krishn 41.5
5 4KV23CE005 likhin 45
6 4KV23CE006 Mokshith 48.5
7 4KV23CE007 Rahul 38.5
8 4KV23CE008 Karthik 44
9 4KV23CE009 Mithun 44
10 4KV23CE010 Jeevan 48.5
11 4KV23CE011 Thanush 43
12 4KV23CE012 Prajwal 42
13 4KV23CE013 Mohith 42.5
14 4KV23CE014 Venkatesh 38.5
15 4KV23CE015 Lavith 41.5

Fig 8.3: Student Total Marks

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EXPERIMENT NO 9:
Create worksheet with following fields: Empno, Ename, Basic Pay
(BP), Travelling Allowance(TA), Dearness Allowance(DA), House
Rent Allowance(HRA), Income Tax(IT), Provident Fund(PF), Net
Pay(NP). Use appropriate formulas to calculate the above scenario.
Analyse the data using appropriate chart and report the data.
Fields and Formulas
Empno: Employee number, a unique identifier for each employee.

Ename: Employee name.

Basic Pay (BP): The base salary for an employee. This is usually a fixed amount.

Travelling Allowance (TA): Often calculated as a percentage of BP or a fixed amount.

Dearness Allowance (DA): Typically a percentage of BP, intended to offset the impact of
inflation.

House Rent Allowance (HRA): Usually a percentage of BP, varies by location (urban vs
rural).

Income Tax (IT): Calculated based on total income and tax slabs. This requires a more
complex formula that considers tax rates at different income levels.

Provident Fund (PF): Generally a fixed percentage of BP, deducted at source.

Net Pay (NP): Calculated as BP + TA + DA + HRA - IT - PF.

Sample Calculations:

Let’s assume the following percentages for simplicity (these should be adjusted
according to actual policies):
TA: 10% of BP

DA: 15% of BP

HRA: 20% of BP

PF: 12% of BP

Given these, the formulas in the spreadsheet context (assuming the first
employee’s data starts in row 2) would look like this:
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TA: =B2*10%

DA: =B2*15%

HRA: =B2*20%

PF: =B2*12%

NP: =B2 + (B2*10%) + (B2*15%) + (B2*20%) - (Calculated IT) - (B2*12%)

Implementing in a Spreadsheet
Enter the employee details and basic pay in the respective columns from A2 (Empno) to C2
(BP).

Fill in the formulas for TA, DA, HRA, and PF in columns D, E, F, and H, respectively,
starting from row 2.

Calculate IT based on your region’s tax slabs and include it in column G.

Employee No. Employee Name BP TA DA HRA IT PF NP

1 SNOW 30000 3000 4500 6000 3300 3600 36600
2 STARK 35000 3500 5250 7000 3850 4200 42700
3 TONY 32000 3200 4800 6400 3520 3840 39040
4 PETER 36000 3600 5400 7200 3960 4320 43920
5 WIDOW 40000 4000 6000 8000 4400 4800 48800
6 CAPTAIN 38000 3800 5700 7600 4180 4560 46360
7 WANDA 31000 3100 4650 6200 3410 3720 37820
8 NATHASHA 32000 3200 4800 6400 3520 3840 39040
9 THOR 41000 4100 6150 8200 4510 4920 50020
10 HULK 45000 4500 6750 9000 4950 5400 54900

Fig 9.1: Employee Details

Fig 9.2: Employee Chart

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EXPERIMENT NO 10:
Create worksheet on Inventory Management: Sheet should contain
Product code, Product name, Product type, MRP, Cost after % of
discount, Date of purchase. Use appropriate formulas to calculate the
above scenario. Analyse the data using appropriate chart and report
the data.
Trend Analysis: Look at the cost after discount over time to see if there’s a trend in pricing
changes or discount strategies.

Product Type Analysis: Since all products are from the Electronics category in this
example, you could expand this by adding more product types and analyzing sales or stock
levels by category.

Discount Impact: Analyze how different discount levels affect the final selling price and
potentially, the sales volume.

Creating a Chart for Analysis

A simple chart that could provide insights might be a bar chart showing the MRP and Cost
after Discount for each product. This visual comparison can quickly highlight the impact of
discounts on pricing.

Data Selection: Select the data including Product Name, MRP, and Cost after Discount.

Chart Type: Use a grouped bar chart to represent each product’s MRP and Cost after
Discount side by side.

Product Code Product Name Product Type MRP Discount Date Of Purchase Discount Price Cost After Discount
P001 Laptop Electronics 55000 8% 22-10-2024 4400 50600
P023 Mobile Electronics 30000 10% 23-10-2024 3000 27000
P045 Monitor Electronics 25000 5% 24-10-2024 1250 23750
P355 CPU Electronics 20000 3% 25-10-2024 600 19400
P443 TV Electronics 50000 10% 26-10-2024 5000 45000
P354 Camera Electronics 70000 12% 27-10-2024 8400 61600
P543 Projector Electronics 45000 7% 28-10-2024 3150 41850
P555 AC Electronics 32000 8% 29-10-2024 2560 29440
P653 Bike Automobile 75000 17% 30-10-2024 12750 62250
P453 Car Automobile 99000 19% 31-10-2024 18810 80190

Fig 10.1: Inventory Management List

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Fig 10.2: Inventory Management Chart

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EXPERIMENT NO 11:
Create worksheet on Sales analysis of Merchandise Store: Data
consisting of Order ID, Customer ID, Gender, age, Date of order,
month, online platform, Category of product, size, quantity, amount,
shipping city and other details. Use of formula to segregate different
categories and perform a comparative study using pivot tables and
different sort of charts.
Step 1: Setting Up the Data Structure
Start by creating a table in Excel with the following columns to record each sale:

Order ID

Customer ID

Gender

Age

Date of Order

Month (This can be derived from the Date of Order)

Online Platform

Category of Product

Size

Quantity

Amount (Total amount for the order)

Shipping City

Step 2: Populating the Data

Enter your sales data into this table. Each row should represent a unique order.

Step 3: Using Formulas

Month Calculation: If your Date of Order is in column E, use the formula =TEXT(E2,
"mmmm") to extract the month name into the Month column.

Category Segregation: You can use PivotTables (explained below) to segregate and
analyze data by categories, so no immediate formula is needed for segregation here.
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Step 4: Creating a Pivot Table for Comparative Study

Select your data range and go to Insert > PivotTable.

Choose what to analyze: Place "Category of Product" in the Rows area, "Month" in
the Columns area, and "Amount" in the Values area. This setup helps analyze sales by
product category across different months.

You can also add "Gender", "Age", or "Online Platform" to the Rows area to further
break down the sales data.

Step 5: Using Pivot Charts for Visualization

With your PivotTable selected, go to PivotTable Analyze > PivotChart to select a
chart type that best suits your analysis.

Column Charts are great for comparing sales across categories.

Line Charts can illustrate sales trends over months.

Pie Charts can show the distribution of sales by category, gender, or online platform

Order ID Customer ID Gender Age Date of order Month Online Platform Category of product Unit Price Size Quantity Amount Shipping city
OID001 CUID001 Male 18 05-11-2024 November Amazon Electronic 5000 13 65000 Mangalore
OID002 CUID002 Female 46 06-12-2024 December Flipkart Electronic 3500 21 73500 Madikeri
OID003 CUID003 Female 36 07-06-2024 June Flipkart Clothing 3300 23 75900 Mysore
OID004 CUID004 Male 21 08-08-2024 August Amazon Stationary 1000 34 34000 Mangalore
OID005 CUID005 Male 23 09-05-2024 May Flipkart Clothing 1500 19 28500 Puttur
OID006 CUID006 Female 32 10-01-2024 January Flipkart Stationary 6000 9 54000 Madikeri
OID007 CUID007 Male 19 11-07-2024 July Amazon Electronic 4000 18 72000 Mysore
OID008 CUID008 Male 16 12-08-2024 August Amazon Clothing 4500 18 81000 Puttur
OID009 CUID009 Male 27 13-01-2024 January Amazon Clothing 3500 16 56000 Mangalore
OID010 CUID010 Female 13 14-10-2024 October Flipkart Electronic 2300 17 39100 Mysore

Fig 11.1: Sales analysis of Merchandise Store

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Row Labels Sum of Size Quantity Sum of Amount Sum of Unit Price
Clothing 76 241400 12800
Amazon 34 137000 8000
January 16 56000 3500
August 18 81000 4500
Flipkart 42 104400 4800
May 19 28500 1500
June 23 75900 3300
Electronic 69 249600 14800
Amazon 31 137000 9000
July 18 72000 4000
November 13 65000 5000
Flipkart 38 112600 5800
October 17 39100 2300
December 21 73500 3500
Stationary 43 88000 7000
Amazon 34 34000 1000
August 34 34000 1000
Flipkart 9 54000 6000
January 9 54000 6000
Grand Total 188 579000 34600

Fig 11.2: Pivot Table

Fig 11.3: Pivot Chart

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EXPERIMENT NO 12:
Generation of report & presentation using Auto-filter &macro.
Apply AutoFilter:
Click on any cell within your dataset.

Go to the Data tab and click on Filter. This will add dropdown arrows to each
column header, allowing you to filter the data.

Filter Data:
Click on the dropdown arrow in the column header to see filtering options.

Choose your criteria (e.g., specific values, ranges, or conditions) to view only the
rows that meet those criteria.

Analyze Filtered Data:

With data filtered, you can perform analysis, create charts, or summarize findings
directly from the filtered dataset.

Automating Report Generation with Macros

Macros in Excel can automate tasks by recording a sequence of actions. For report
generation, you might create a macro to apply filters, perform calculations, and generate
charts automatically.

Enable Developer Tab:

Go to File > Options > Customize Ribbon, and check the Developer checkbox.

Record a Macro:

On the Developer tab, click Record Macro.

Assign a name to the macro, specify a shortcut key if desired, and click OK.

Perform the actions you want to automate, such as applying filters, copying data
to a report template, or creating charts.

Click Stop Recording when done.

Run the Macro:

Execute the macro by pressing the assigned shortcut key or by going to the
Developer tab, clicking Macros, selecting your macro, and clicking Run.

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Preparing Presentations with Macros

For presentations, you might use macros to format data into a presentation-friendly
format, such as creating summary tables or charts that can be easily copied into PowerPoint
slides.

Create a Presentation Macro:

Record a macro that formats your data, creates summary tables, and generates charts
tailored for presentation.

Consider automating the setup of a dashboard-like summary sheet that can be directly
referenced during presentations.

MARKS SHEET
NAME LIKHIN M N USN 4KV23CE016
SUBJECTS
SUB1 96 SUB2 99
SUB3 98 SUB4 84
TOAL MARKS 377
PERCENTAGE 94.25

Fig 12.1: Mark Sheet 1

MARKS SHEET
NAME Anish A USN 4KV23CE001
SUBJECTS
SUB1 95 SUB2 92
SUB3 89 SUB4 91
TOAL MARKS 367
PERCENTAGE 91.75

Fig 12.2: Mark Sheet 2

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