OPTICS

24. Draw a neat labelled ray diagram of an astronomical telescope in normal

adjustment.
[Delhi 2008, All India 2010, 2016, 2017]

25. Draw a schematic ray diagram of reflecting telescope showing how ray
coming from a distant object are received at the eye-piece.
[Delhi 2008, 2016, Foreign 2010]
26. Draw a neat labelled ray diagram of a compound microscope.
[Foreign 2008, All India 2010, Delhi 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014]
27. Draw a ray diagram, showing the passage of a ray of light through a prism
when the angle of incidence is 52°.
[Delhi 2010C]
28. A ray of monochromatic light is incident on one of the faces of an equilateral
triangular prism of refracting angle A. Trace the path of ray passing through
the prism.
[Foreign 2011]
29. An equiconvex lens of refractive index 𝜇 focal length ′𝑓′ and radius of
curvature ‘R’ is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 𝜇 . For (i) 𝜇 > 𝜇
and (ii) 𝜇 < 𝜇 , draw the ray diagrams in the two cases when a beam of light
coming parallel to the principal axis is incident on the lens.
[All India 2013C]
30. Draw a labelled ray diagram of a refracting telescope.
[All India 2013, Delhi 2013C]
31. Draw a diagram to show refraction of a plane wavefront incident on a
convex lens and therefore draw the refracted wavefront.
[Delhi 2009]
32. Plot a graph showing the variation of stopping potential with the frequency
of incident radiation for two different photosensitive materials having work
function 𝑊 and 𝑊 (𝑊 > 𝑊 ).

[Delhi 2010]

33. Show the variation of photocurrent with collector plate potential for
different intensities but same frequency of incident radiation.
[Foreign 2011]

34. Draw a graph between the frequency of incident radiation (n) and the
maximum kinetic energy of the electrons emitted from the surface of a
photosensitive material.
[Foreign 2012, Delhi 2014]
35. Show on a plot the nature of variation of photoelectric current with the
intensity of radiation incident on a photosensitive surface.
[Delhi 2013C, 2014]
36. In Young’s double slit experiment, plot a graph showing the variation of
fringe width versus the distance of the screen from the plane of the slits
keeping other parameters same.
[All India 2015]
37. Sketch the graphs showing variation of stopping potential with frequency of
incident radiations for two photosensitive materials A and B having
threshold frequencies𝑉 > 𝑉 .
(i) In which case is the stopping potential more and why?
(ii) Does the slope of the graph depend on the nature of the material used?
Explain.
[All India 2016]
38. Draw a graph showing the variation of intensity (I) of polarized light
transmitted by an analyser with angle (θ) between polarizer and analyser.
[All India 2016]
39. Draw a proper diagram to show how the incident wavefront traverses
through the lens and after refraction focusses on the focal point of the lens,
giving the shape of the emergent wavefront.
[All India 2016]
1
40. Plot a graph showing variation of de-Broglie wavelength λ versus , where
√V
V is accelerating potential for two particles A and B carrying same charge
but of masses m , 𝑚 (𝑚 > 𝑚 ).
[Delhi 2016]
41. Draw a graph showing variation of intensity in the interference pattern
against position ‘x’ on the screen.
[Delhi 2016]
42. Plot a graph to show variation of the angle of deviation as a function of angle
of incidence for light passing through a prism.
[Delhi 2016]
43. Draw the intensity pattern for single slit diffraction and double slit
interference.
[All India 2017]

44. Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation by a combination of two
thin convex lenses in contact.
[All India 2017]
SOLUTIONS
24. Ray diagram of an astronomical telescope in normal adjustment.

25. The ray diagram of reflecting telescope showing how ray coming from
distant object are received at the eye
eye-piece
piece is shown in figure.

26. Ray diagram of a compound microscope:

27. The ray diagram in the condition of minimum deviation . Angle of
incidence ∠
∠i = 52°

28. Ray passing through a prism.

29. (i) Ray diagram: for 𝜇 > 𝜇 (ii) Ray diagram: for 𝜇 > 𝜇
30. Ray diagram of a refracting type telescope.

31. Diagram showing refraction of a plane wavefront

32. The variation of stopping potential with frequency of incident radiation .

33. The variation of photocurrent for different intensities at constant
frequency .

34. Graph between the frequency of incident radiation and the maximum
kinetic energy of the electrons emitted.

35. Graph of photoelectric current versus intensity of light

36. The fringe width in Young’s double slit experiment is given by
𝛽=
where 𝜆 = wavelength of source
D = distance between the slits and screen
d = distance between the slits
⟹𝛽 ∝ 𝐷
The variation of fringe width with distance of screen from the slits

It is linear graph with slope equal to λ/d. So for the fringe width to vary
linearly with distance of screen from the slits, the ratio of wavelength to
distance between the slits should remain constant. Therefore, we take
wavelengths (𝜆) of incident light almost equal to the width of the slit(𝛽).
slit

37. The variation of stopping potential with frequency of incident radiation for
two photosensitive materials A and B having threshold frequencies

𝑣 >𝑣 .

From the graph, we see

(i) the stopping potential is inversely proportional to the threshold
frequency, hence the stopping potential is higher for metal B.
(ii) the slope of the graph does not depend on the material used
As we know, from Einsteins photoelectric equation,
𝐾 =ℎℎ𝑣 − ϕ = 𝑒𝑉
Dividing by e, we get
ℎ𝑣 𝜙
− =𝑉
𝑒 𝑒
 Hence the slope of the graph is (on comparing with the straight line
equation
equation) which is independent of the nature of the photoelectric
material used.

38. Variation of Intensity through Analyser

39. Diagram showing how the incident wavefront traverses through the lens.

40. The de Brogile wavelength is given by 𝜆 = Where h-- Planck’s

constant
The slope of the graph λ versus is
√

The slope of the smaller mass ((m ) is larger; therefore, plot A in the above
graph is for mass m
41. Graph of intensity distribution in Young’s double
double-slit
slit experiment

42. (i) If the angle of incidence is increased gradually, then the angle of
deviation first decreases, attains a minimum value (𝛿 ) and then again
starts increasing.

43. Intensity pattern for single Intensity pattern for double

slit diffraction slit diffraction

44. (a) Ray diagram to show the image formation by a combination of two thin
convex lenses in co
contact: