NETWORKING AND
INTERNET
INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKING
A computer network is a connection between
two or more computers through a
communication line.
The technology that connects computers to each
other is called as networking.
An interconnection of computers is called as a
network.
All connected computers must follow certain
rules for sending & receiving the data these
rules which controls the comp. communication
is called protocol.
WHY NETWORK?
Resource sharing:- sharing of data & hardware.
High Reliability:-Alternative source of
information available over network.
Distribution of workload:-reloading in case of
saturation.
Saving money:-economical.
Expandability:-the size of network can be
expanded.
Protecting information:-provides security.
Communication:-exchange information.
THREE MODELS OF NETWORK COMPUTING ARE
Centralised computing.
Distributed computing.
Collaborative/co-operative computing.
CENTRALISED COMPUTING
DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING
http://www.stops.com.au/graphics/quotes/distributed.png
COLLABORATIVE COMPUTING
Comp-1
Comp-5 Comp-2
SERVER
Comp-4 Comp-3
Types of Network
They are of 3 types as per coverage
area: -
1. LAN
2. MAN
3. WAN
LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK )
A local area network is a computer network that
connects computer in a limited area such as
home, school, office building. A LAN is useful
for sharing resource like files, printers, games and
other application.
2. MAN (Metropolitan Area
Network) : -
• It connects the
computers within
the area of a city.
Eg:-Cable network.
3. WAN (Wide Area Network) :
• Operates over large geographical
area.
• Uses high speed telephone lines or
wireless technologies such as
satellites.
WAN
Eg:-National telephone system.
Network configuration
They are of 2 types according to
connection types.
1. Peer to Peer Network
2. Server based Network
1. Peer to Peer Network: -
• All stand alone computers are
connected to each other.
• Server is not used.
• every computer on the network is
given equal responsibility to
communicate with each other
Advantages: -
• Suitable for small networks.
• Less expensive.
• Easy to install.
Disadvantages: -
• Cannot maintain security.
• Not suitable for large networks.
2. Server based Network: -
• All computers are connected to a
control point – server.
• All clients communicate with each
other through server.
Advantages: -
• Suitable for large networks.
• Security can be maintained.
Disadvantages: -
• More expensive.
•Difficult to install
NETWORK APPLICATION:-
WE CAN COLLECT THE INFORMATION THROUGH
INTERNET. FOLLOWING ARE SOME APPLICATIONS OF
INTERNET.
E-MAIL
VOICE MAIL
FTP(FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL)
WWW
E-COMMERCE
CHAT
BBS(BULLETIN BOARD SERVICE)
USER GROUP.
E-MAIL
Email, short for "electronic mail," is one of the most
widely used features of the Internet, along with the
web. It allows you to send and receive messages to
and from anyone with an email address, anywhere
in the world.
Every email address has two main parts:
a username and domain name. The username comes
first, followed by an at (@) symbol, followed by the
domain name.
Username @ location
VOICE -MAIL
• Voice mails are essentially digital
recordings of outgoing and incoming
voice messages
• Basic requirement-multimedia facility
&voice mail software.
FTP
FTP stands for File transfer protocol.
FTP is a standard internet protocol used for
transmitting the files from one host to another.
is a standard communication protocol used for the
transfer of computer files from a server to a client
on a computer network.
Clarity & speed
WWW
Stands for "World Wide Web.“is a subset of the
Internet.
The World Wide Web ( WWW ), commonly known
as the Web, is an information system where
documents and other web resources are identified
by Uniform Resource Locators.
The Web consists of pages that can be accessed
using a Web browser.
E-COMMERCE
a business model that allows companies and
individuals to buy and sell goods and services
over the Internet.
Web sites are created to perform the business.
online trading- very important.
Retailing business.
No geographical boundries.
CHAT
The expression online chat comes from
the word chat which means
"informal conversation”.
A chat application makes it easy to
communicate with people anywhere in
the world by sending and receiving
messages in real time. ...
USER GROUP
A users' group (also user's group or user group)
is a type of club focused on the use of a
particular technology,
a user group is a set of people who have
similar interests, goals or concerns. .
Share knowledge
BBS
A bulletin board system
is a computer server running software that allows users to
connect to the system using a terminal program. ... .
an application dedicated to the sharing or exchange of
messages or other files on a network.
