University Of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar
Name: Ali Ebad Taj
Reg. number: 22PWMCT0813
Lab: 10
Section: B
Submitted to: Dr. Farid Khan
Course: Mechanics of Materials Lab
Department Of Mechatronics Engineering
Lab #10
Maximum Deflection Analysis of fixed-fixed Beam using
Analytical and FEA approach
Objectives:
To find the maximum deflection of fixed-fixed beam with uniformly
distributed load analytically
To numerically study the effect of different parameters on the deflection of
fixed-fixed beam
To Learn how to model and simulate fixed-fixed beam in COMSOL
Multiphysics
To perform the stationary analysis of fixed-fixed beam with uniformly
distributed load
To find out the error between analytical and FEA results
Tools:
MATLAB/ MS Excel
COMSOL Multiphysics software
Theory:
Beam:-
A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally to the beam's
axis (an element designed to carry primarily axial load would be a strut or column). Its mode of
deflection is primarily by bending. The loads applied to the beam result in reaction forces at the
beam's support points.
Types of beam:-
1. Cantilever Beam
A cantilever beam is a beam that is fixed from one end and free at the other end.
In the figure you can easily see that one end i.e. A is fixed and the other end i.e. B is free. So this
beam is called as cantilever beam.
2. Simply Supported Beam:
A beam which is supported or resting on the supports at its both the ends, is called simply
supported beam.
figure 1
In the figure, both the ends of the beam is supported by supports, one support is at end A and the
other support is at end B. this beam is known as simply supported beam.
3. Overhanging Beam:
In a beam, if one of its ends is extended beyond the support, it is known as overhanging beam.
As shown in the above figure, we observe that beam is extending beyond the support B, and
hence this beam is called overhanging beam.
4. Fixed Beams:
A beam which has both of its ends fixed or built in walls is called fixed beam.
In the figure, both the ends of the beams are rigidly fixed in the walls, this type of beams are
known as fixed beams.
5. Continuous Beam:
It is a beam which is provided with more than two supports as shown in figure.
Here we can see in the figure that the beam has more than two supports at A, B and C. This beam
is called continuous beams.
This is all about the different types of beams.
Loading condition
A beam is usually horizontal, and the applied load is vertical. Following are the different types of
loads.
1. Concentrated or Point Load: Act at a point.
2. Uniformly Distributed Load: Load spread along the length of the Beam.
3. Uniformly Varying Load: Load spread along the length of the Beam, Rate of varying
loading point to point.
Deflection in the beam:-
Deflection is the degree to which a part of a structural element is displaced under a load (because
it deforms). It may refer to an angle or a distance.
The deflection of beam elements is usually calculated on the basis of the Euler–Bernoulli beam
equation while that of a plate or shell element is calculated using plate or shell theory.
An example of the use of deflection in this context is in building construction.
Analytical Model for UDL load
Maximum Deflection
δmax = ωL4 / 384EI
ω = Load = 1kN
L = Length of Beam
E = Young Modulus
I = 2nd Moment of Area
A) Analytical Solution:
L = 100cm
w = 10cm
h = 3cm
E = 206 GPa
Material: Steel
B) FEA Solution:
Open COMSOL Multiphysics and then select the model wizard and the select 3D
modeling.
Then select the type of study
Then create a block using geometry of desired dimensions.
Then add material structural steel on the block
Then convert it to a cantilever beam by making it’s one edge fixed.
Now this time fix the both end and apply the load of 1000 newton
figure 2
Then mesh the beam
Then study the beam and generate the automatic report by the COMSOL physics.
