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Math 131 - Problem Set 1 Due Tuesday, Sept 11: We'll Define Bases in Class On Thursday, Sept 6

The document outlines Problem Set 1 for Math 131, due on September 11, which includes eight problems related to metric spaces and topology. Key topics include limit points, Cauchy sequences, open sets, and distance functions in Rn. The problems require proofs and examples to demonstrate understanding of the concepts presented.

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Devang Bajpai
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40 views1 page

Math 131 - Problem Set 1 Due Tuesday, Sept 11: We'll Define Bases in Class On Thursday, Sept 6

The document outlines Problem Set 1 for Math 131, due on September 11, which includes eight problems related to metric spaces and topology. Key topics include limit points, Cauchy sequences, open sets, and distance functions in Rn. The problems require proofs and examples to demonstrate understanding of the concepts presented.

Uploaded by

Devang Bajpai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Math 131 - Problem Set 1

Due Tuesday, Sept 11


1. Show that an infinite sequence of points a1 , a2 , a3 , . . . in a metric space has at most
one limit point.

2. (a) Show that any sequence in a metric space with a limit is a Cauchy sequence.
(b) Show (with an example) that the converse of (a) is not true.

3. Recall that a subset U of a metric space X is open iff for all x ∈ U , there is some  > 0
such that x ∈ B (x) ⊂ U . Show that any open ball is in fact an open set.

4. Let X be a metric space. Show that the collection of open sets on X (given by the
definition in the previous exercise) is a topology.

5. Consider the following distance functions on Rn :

e((x1 , x2 , . . . , xn ), (y1 , y2 , . . . , yn )) = max{|yi − xi |}

and X
f ((x1 , x2 , . . . , xn ), (y1 , y2 , . . . , yn )) = |yi − xi |.

(a) Show that (Rn , e) and (Rn , f ) are metric spaces.


(b) Show that e and f induce the same topology on Rn (i.e. a set is open in one iff
it’s open in the other).

6. Let X be a metric space. Show that a sequence p1 , p2 , p3 , . . . of points in X has limit p


if and only if every open set containing p contains all but finitely many of the pi . (This
gives a characterization of limits using open sets without explicitly using the metric.)

7. Let X be a topological space, with basis B generating the topology T . Show that T is
the smallest topology on X that contains B. That is, every other topology containing
B is finer than T . (We’ll define bases in class on Thursday, Sept 6.)

8. Give an example of a topological space X and an infinite sequence of bases

B1 ) B2 ) B3 ) · · ·

all generating the same topology T .

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