INTRODUCTION OF GEOMETRY
Geometry is the branch of mathematics that deals with shapes, angles, dimensions
and sizes of a variety of things we see in everyday life. Geometry is derived from
Ancient Greek words – ‘Geo’ means ‘Earth’ and ‘metron’ means ‘measurement’. In
Euclidean geometry, there are two-dimensional shapes and three-dimensional
shapes.
Geometry is the study of different types of shapes, figures and sizes in Maths or in
real life. In geometry, we learn about different angles, transformations and
similarities in the figures.
To calculate the area, perimeter, volume and different measures using length,
breadth and height of different geometrical figures, geometry formulas are important.
By using the formulas, we can calculate the measures easily. There are loads of
formulas to learn in Geometry.
QUESTION 1:
The length, breadth and height of a room are 5 m, 4 m, and 3 m respectively.
Find the cost of white washing the walls of the room and the ceiling at the rate
of RM 7.50 per m².
Area of ceiling = l x w
= 5m x 4m
= 20m²
Area of each 4 walls
= 5m x 3m
= 15m²
Total area
= 20m² + 4(15m²)
= 80m²
Cost of whitewashing per room = RM7.50
= 80m² (RM7.50)
= RM 600
QUESTION 2:
The curved surface area of a right circular cylinder of height 14 cm is 88 cm².
Find the diameter of the base of the cylinder.
Surface area of cylinder = 2πrh
88cm² = 2 (22/7)(r)(14cm)
R = 88/(2(22/7)14)
R = 88/(44/7)(14)
R = 88/88
R = 1 cm
Diameter is 2 times radius, so :
D=rx2
D = 1x2
D = 2cm
QUESTION 3:
Find the volume of the right circular cone with
(i) radius 6 cm, height 7 cm (ii) radius 3.5 cm, height 12 cm
i) volume of cone
V = 1/3 πr²h
= 1/3 (22/7)(6cm)²(7cm)
= 264 cm^3
ii) 1/3 (22/7)(3.5cm) ²(12cm)
= 154 cm^3
QUESTION 4:
How many litres of milk can a hemispherical bowl of diameter 10.5 cm hold?
Volume of hemisphere = 2/3 πr^3
Diameter = 10.5 cm
Radius = 10.5/2
= 5.25 cm
= 2/3 x 22/7 x 5.25cm^3
= 303.19cm^3
1 liter = 1000 cm^3
= 303.19 / 1000
= 0.30319 L
CONCLUSION
Studying geometry offers a rich tapestry of insights into the fundamental structures of
our physical world. It's not just about lines, angles, and shapes; it's about
understanding relationships, patterns, and the way space is organized. Throughout
our journey in geometry, we've delved into the intricacies of Euclidean and non-
Euclidean geometries, exploring the properties of triangles, circles, polygons, and
more.
Geometry has taught us to think critically, to reason logically, and to approach
problems with both creativity and precision. It's not merely a subject of abstract
theorems and proofs; it's a tool for understanding the world around us, from
architecture to nature to technology.
In conclusion, the study of geometry is a voyage of discovery, revealing the hidden
symmetries and structures that underpin our universe. It equips us with essential
skills for problem-solving, spatial reasoning, and analytical thinking, enriching both
our understanding of mathematics and our appreciation for the beauty of the world.
REFERENCE
Jurnal
Abramov, A., Radygin, A. & Chernova, M. (2015). Long-term portfolio investments:
New
insight into return and risk. Russian Journal of Economics 1(3), 273-293.
Website
Ahmed, G.T. (2013). DSE launches two indices for better calculation. The Daily Star
[Online].
[Accessed 22nd May 2019]. Available from the World Wide Web:
https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-266952
https://byjus.com/maths/geometry/
Book
Graham, B. & Zweig, J. (2003). The intelligent investor: The definitive book on value
investing.
Harper Business.
