10

English
Quarter 3 - Module 1
Composing an Argumentative Essay
English – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Composing an Argumentative Essay
First Edition, 2021

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Writer/Illustrator/Layout Artist/Editors:
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 10

English
Quarter 3 - Module 1
Composing an Argumentative Essay
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to
ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module provides you with the lecture and activities which will guide you
in composing your argumentative essay.
At the end of the module, you are expected to:
• correctly define argumentative essay;
• identify the components of argumentative essay from the examples
provided; and,
• compose an argumentative essay using the 5-paragraph format.

What I Know

A. Directions: Write T if the statement is True and F if it is False. Write your answers on
a separate sheet of paper.

___ 1. An argumentative essay is composed of the following: introduction, body, and

conclusion.

___ 2. The argumentative essay must be composed of 5 paragraphs only.

___ 3. The main purpose of argumentative essay is to persuade the readers to believe in
the author’s standpoint about an issue or topic.

___ 4. An argument pertains to a claim that tells a story.

___ 5. The thesis statement is a sentence that delivers the main idea of an argumentative
essay.

___ 6. The thesis statement can be found at the body of the argumentative essay.

___ 7. A writer needs to use a hook at the introductory paragraph to grab a reader’s
attention.

___ 8. Three or more reasons must be cited to support the main point of the
argumentative essay.

___ 9. To substantiate the reasons mentioned in number 8, the writer can just simply
share his/her opinions or feelings towards them.

___ 10. In an argumentative essay, the quality of reasonings can serve as the basis on
which an opinion is evaluated.

B. Directions: On your answer sheet, draw a star if the topic listed in each number
can be developed into an argumentative essay, and a moon if it cannot be.

_____ 1. Religion should be taught in schools.

_____ 2. People should protect the environment.
_____ 3. Why do I need to listen to my parents’ advices?
_____ 4. Is there a necessity to control social media content?
_____ 5. Why is English my favorite subject?

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 What’s In
Fact or Opinion?
Last quarter, you were able to formulate claims of fact, policy, and value and to explain
your opinion on a familiar issue. Your understanding about these concepts can truly help you
in writing your standpoint in your argumentative essay.
Before you write your essay, you should review first the difference between fact and
opinion. Pointing out the difference between these two is an essential skill that can be useful
not only in school, but also in real life. According to Mac Donnchaidh (2020), “distinguishing
between what is fact and what is opinion is crucial to becoming an autonomous person with
the critical abilities necessary to avoid being manipulated easily.”

Directions: On a separate sheet of paper, Write F if the statement is fact and O if it is an

opinion.

Answer: 2. All students should have Answer:

1. Mathematics is the best
strong internet connection at
subject.
home to get good grades.

3. Assignments can further Answer: 4. Time management is one Answer:

improve student’s of the keys in order to
understanding about a subject accomplish multiple school
matter. tasks.

5. The Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 Answer:

also safeguards the right of
students against cyberbullying.

2
 What’s New

Social media has become a popular avenue to express oneself nowadays. However,
can we just post anything online? Let us get to know the author’s standpoint on this through
her essay titled “Online Shaming, Is It Cool?”.

Online Shaming – Is it Cool?

Christine V. Gonzales
We can often see pictures and read posts of some people poking fun of others in social
media. Whether we admit it or not, we tend to laugh at them and probably enjoy the drama,
right? However, is online shaming cool? According to Leung (2015), public shaming is nothing
new, but the internet has amplified its effect. In addition, shaming is most of the time being
committed as a form of retribution against someone who
committed social transgression. Whatever reasons we
may have, we must remember that online shaming
cannot be justified by any reasons and is not a good thing
due to the following possible repercussions of it: the
shamers may put themselves in compromising situations,
they are also spreading negative vibes and setting wrong
examples in social media, and they might be destroying
the reputation, psychological well-being, and even the life
of the one being shamed.
The first reason why we should not do online shaming is
because we can put ourselves into a real trouble by doing such. The
shamers cannot be only sued under Republic Act No.10627 or Anti-
Bullying Law in the Philippines but can also put themselves to
become the subjects of ridicule on the internet as well.
In addition, the shamers are
setting wrong examples and spreading
negativities through their humiliating
posts against someone. They may create
impression on others that it is okay to embarrass someone you do
not like through the internet (Barth, 2017). Also, seeing negative
posts can be triggering to the thoughts and emotions of the readers
(Robinson and Smith, 2020). The shamers might say that they are
using their own accounts and they have the freedom to post
whatever they like, but there is also the word “responsibility” that
good people should never forget.
Furthermore, the shamers might be destroying the
reputation, the psychological well-being, or even the lives of the people
they are humiliating on the internet. Through irresponsible posts
online, some victims isolated themselves from others, lost their jobs
and opportunities in life, had undergone depression, and inflicted self-
harm. Even if we do not like some people, it is not morally appropriate
to allow ourselves to be the cause of their sufferings (Piazza and
Sousa, 2019). We must also consider ourselves to be in the situation

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of those being cyberbullied. Certainly, it will not be a good experience – it could be a very
traumatic one. Hence, we must be very responsible before we post anything online.
Through the information presented in the foregoing
paragraphs, we can conclude that online shaming is not
cool. It can put the shamer himself/herself into compromising
situations; can set wrong examples and spread negativities;
and can damage the reputation or even affect the well-being
of the target victim. A person’s reputation could be tarnished
by this form of shaming, but this cannot also change the
reality that whatever a shamer is posting online reflects
himself/herself. Hence, let us all utilize social media in
positive and meaningful ways.

B. Fill the boxes with the information needed based on “Online Shaming – Is it Cool?”. Do
this activity on a separate sheet of paper.

A. Sentence that grabs your attention to continue reading the essay:

_____________________________________________________
B. Fact/s presented for you to become more informed about the topic to
be discussed:
_____________________________________________________
C. Main Point of Discussion:
_____________________________________________________
D. Reasons that Support the Main Point:
_____________________________________________________

Reason No.1: _______________________________________________

Evidence/Facts that support reason no. 1:

1. ________________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________________

Reason No.2: _______________________________________________

Evidence/Facts that support reason no. 2:

1. ________________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________________

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 Reason No.3: _______________________________________________

Evidence/Facts that support reason no. 3:

1. ________________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________________

State the impression/s the author would like you to assimilate after
Stay positive!
reading the essay.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

What is It
According to Scott (2021), argument refers to "a reasoned attempt to convince the
audience to accept a particular point of view about a debatable topic." It is not irrational and
does not depend strictly on passion or emotion; but a "reasoned attempt" to appeal to the
mind and intellect of the audience using careful thinking and planning (Scott, 2020).
Without being noticed by us, we might be using arguments on a regular basis. When
we are providing justifications or reasons to: convince our parents to allow us to join a contest;
to get the approval of our groupmates to use the layout we have prepared for a project;
persuade Freshman students to join our club; or to encourage our friends to visit a particular
place – we are making arguments.
For this reason, making an argument is an important skill not only in school, but also
at home, community, and work. It can help us to find better options, to find solutions to
challenges, to clarify and address issues, and to defend a standpoint or an action. Thus, it is
not surprising that this skill is being taught in schools through speaking (debating) and writing
(persuasive/argumentative essay writing). However, this module, as stated in What I Need to
Know, will focus only on argumentative essay.

5
 Argumentative Essay

An argumentative essay attempts to change the readers’ perception and persuade

them to accept a new behavior or to take an action.
To achieve this aim, a writer should undergo a thorough investigation. She/He also
needs to gather and evaluate evidence before establishing his/her standpoint on the topic.
His/her standpoint is what will be discussed and proven in the essay.
In addition, this standpoint must be established clearly in the thesis statement at the
first paragraph of the essay.
Aside from the available articles, a writer can also obtain information about a topic
through interviewing, surveying, and observing.

Parts of Argumentative Essay

An argumentative essay has the following parts: introduction, body, and conclusion.
1. The introduction should include the following:
a. Hook – one-statement grabber to catch the attention of the readers to continue
reading the essay.
b. Background information – fact/s that will educate the readers about the topic to
be discussed.
c. Thesis statement – is the main idea of the essay and introduces your reasons.
d. Reasons – these are the justifications for the writer’s standpoint on a topic. Each
of these will be discussed in the succeeding paragraphs.

2. The body is usually composed of 3 paragraphs. This part begins at the second
paragraph and ends at the fourth paragraph using 5-paragraph essay format. The
body may be longer than 3 paragraphs depending on the number of reasons you
need to include in your essay. In this case, long essay format is being used.

Meanwhile, each paragraph in the body should explain a reason presented in the
introduction. The writer needs to prove the validity of a reason using evidence.

3. In the conclusion, the author should present the summary of and reflections on the
arguments presented in the other parts of the essay.

This is the part of the essay wherein the author would leave an impression on the
minds of the readers and will make them decide as to whether they will support your
arguments or not. For this reason, the conclusion, must be presented in a very clear
and effective manner.

All is set! You are about to work on activities that will prepare you in writing your
argumentative essay.

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 What’s More

Independent Activity 1: Stand Firm!

Directions: Below are the topics which can be discussed in argumentative essays.
Establish your stand/main point about each of them. Write your answers on
your answer sheet.

Example: Topic: Reading

My Stand/Main Point:
Reading is an essential language skill.

1. Topic: Studying

My Stand/Main Point:
______________________________________________
______________________________________________

2. Topic: Study Habits

My Stand/Main Point:
______________________________________________
______________________________________________

3. Topic: Doing school task on-time

My Stand/Main Point:
______________________________________________
______________________________________________

4. Topic: Planting Trees

My Stand/Main Point:
______________________________________________
______________________________________________

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 5. Topic: Being prayerful

My Stand/Main Point:
______________________________________________
______________________________________________

Nice job! You must remember that your stand or main point about a topic is what you
need to prove in your argumentative essay. In Independent Assessment 1, you will be asked
to choose a topic that you will develop into your final argumentative essay.
It is suggested that you will choose the topic that you have considered as the most
interesting and that you know a lot about. By doing so, you will become more confident in
discussing your points in your essay.

Independent Assessment 1: Reason Out!

Directions: Choose one topic from the choices which you have in Independent Activity 1.
Write your stand/main point about it on the first column and your three reasons
for it on the second column.
Example:

Reading

My Stand/Main Point Reasons

Reading is an essential language skill. a. It can allow us to discover a lot of
things.
b. It can help us to succeed in school.
c. It can guide us in handling real-life
undertakings.

(Topic)

My Stand/Main Point Reasons

a.

b.

c.

8
 Remember: Before you write your essay, it is very important to choose a topic that is
very interesting for you. You also need to establish your stand about it and to be ready to
support this stand with reasons/justifications. By doing so, it will be easier for you to discuss
your ideas clearly and effectively.
In the next activity, you will be asked to research for facts coming from reliable sources
for you to gain more ideas about your chosen topic.

Independent Activity 2: Get your facts!

Directions: Read some articles about your chosen topic. From the articles you have read,
choose 5 information about your topic. Then, list them in your answer sheet.

Make sure that you will not list sentences denoting the same idea. For example,
saying “Reading is an essential skill” and “Reading is a very important skill”
denotes the same idea. Hence, only one of these two should be listed in the
answer sheet.

Lastly, do not forget to write the source/s of your information.

Topic: _________________________________________________

1. ____________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________

Congratulations! You have been able to learn more about your topic through the
articles you have read.
For the next activity, you must list information from the said articles that will prove the
validity of your reasons/justifications in Independent Assessment 1.
As a writer of an argumentative essay, it is your task to convince your readers to take
side on your stand. Citing the ideas coming from reliable sources can help you to prove your
points.

9
Independent Assessment 2: Let’s Prove It!
Directions: Using the same topic in Independent Assessment 1, list two information from
reliable sources which could support each of your reasons. Present your
answers using the diagram below. Do not forget to cite the source/s of
information which you will include in your work.

Great! You are now almost ready to write your argumentative essay.
On the other hand, you should also remember that the impact of your essay also
depends on the quality of your introduction.
In the next activity, you will be asked to write the background information of your topic.
As mentioned in What is It, your background information will help your readers to
understand better your topic.

Independent Activity 3: Let’s Dig Deeper!

Directions: Write a simple background information about your chosen topic. Do not forget
to cite the source of your information. An example has been provided for you
below.

Example:
Based on the result of 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment
(PISA) which was released last December 1, 2019, the Philippines scored the lowest in
reading comprehension among 79 participating countries and economies ([Link],
2019).

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10
 Good work!
Remember: Before presenting your arguments in your essay, it is a must to educate
the readers further about your topic. You can do such by providing them with background
information.
In the next activity, you will write the introduction of your argumentative essay.
The following must be evident in this part of your essay: the hook of your essay,
background information of your topic, your main point, and your reasons.

Independent Assessment 3: The Good Beginning!

Directions: Write the introduction of your argumentative essay for your chosen topic. An
example has been provided for you already.

Example:
Based on the result of 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment
(PISA) which was released last December 1, 2019, the Philippines scored the lowest in
reading comprehension among 79 participating countries and economies ([Link],
2019). This finding is saddening for different educational institutions considering all their
efforts to raise the literacy level of their students. On the other hand, more than the results
and ranking in PISA and other agencies like it, everyone should realize that reading is a
very useful skill not only in school, but also in real life. In fact, the following are just 3 of
many benefits in reading: can allow us to discover a lot of things; can help us to succeed
in school; and can guide us in handling real-life undertakings.

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Rubric for the Introduction of Argumentative Essay

5 4 3 2 1
Organization Establishes a Establishes Has some Has some The
and Content clear and a clear and organization. organization, information
of the logical logical Has written but difficult to presented in
Introduction organization. organization only two identify. Has the
Has written components written only introduction
. Has written
the four of the one of the are vague
components of Only three introduction components and do not
the of the of the have logical
introduction components introduction connections.
such as hook, of the
background introduction.
information,
thesis
statement and
3 reasons to
support the
stand of the
writer.

11
Conventions Free of errors. Has some Has several Has too many Has too many
of English Has no grammatical grammatical errors that errors that
and grammatical errors, errors, makes makes the
mechanic errors, capitalizatio capitalization reading the paragraph
capitalization n errors, errors, paragraph incomprehen
errors, spelling spelling spelling difficult. sible.
errors, errors, errors,
punctuation punctuation punctuation
errors or errors or errors or
typographical typographic typographical
errors. Uses a al errors. errors. Only
variety of Uses ONLY writes in
sentences; complex simple
some complex sentences sentence
and some OR simple form.
simple. sentences.

Way to go!
You have been able to provide answers in all the activities of this section.
In What I Can Do, you are going to plan for the structure of your essay using an
outline, but for now, it is time for you to check what you have learned so far.

What I Have Learned

I have learned that an argumentative essay is _______________________

________________________________________________________________.

It has three parts: _________, _________, and _________.

The introduction must contain the following: ______________,

_______________, _______________, and the _______________.

The body is usually being composed of ___ paragraphs and should contain
the reasons and the explanations for each of them.

In the conclusion, the author should present the _________ and

___________ on the arguments presented in the other parts of the essay.
It is important to learn how to compose an argumentative essay because
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

12
 What I Can Do

Writing the Outline

Directions: Using the topic that you have worked on in Independent Assessment 1, write an
outline for your argumentative essay on a separate sheet of paper. Each
section of the outline is for 1 point. Hence, all the parts must be filled in for you
to get 15 points.

Follow the format given below:

____________________________________________
(Title)

I. Introduction
A. Hook: ____________________________________________________________
B. Background Information: _____________________________________________
C. Thesis Statement/Main Point:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
D. Introduction of your reasons:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

II. Body
A. (Reason No.1)
1. (Supporting Detail)
2. (Supporting Detail)

B. (Reason No. 2)
1. (Supporting Detail)
2. (Supporting Detail)

C. (Reason No. 3)
1. (Supporting Detail)
2. (Supporting Detail)

III. Conclusion (Overall impression/s you would like to leave among your readers)
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

You are on the right track now! Outlining can ensure a more focused written output.
You may keep your outline for now, because you will be needing it later while you are writing
your argumentative essay.

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 In the Assessment section, you are going to work on another outlining activity.
However, your output must be based on a simple example of an argumentative essay titled
“The Benefits of Reading”.

Assessment
Directions: Read the argumentative essay titled “The Benefits of Reading”. Afterwards, fill
the outline on page 15 with the needed information.

The Benefits of Reading

Christine V. Gonzales

Based on the result of 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment

(PISA) which was released last December 1, 2019, the Philippines scored the lowest in
reading comprehension among 79 participating countries and economies ([Link],
2019). This finding is saddening for different educational institutions considering all their
efforts to raise the literacy level of their students. On the other hand, more than the results
and ranking in PISA and other agencies like it, everyone should realize that reading is a
very useful skill not only in school, but also in real life. In fact, the following are just 3 of
many benefits in reading: can allow us to discover a lot of things; can help us to succeed
in school; and can guide us in handling real-life undertakings.

As mentioned earlier, the first benefit that reading can offer is that it allows us to
discover many things that we do not know. “How does our own culture differ from the other
countries?”, “Who composed a particular song?”, “Who is the developer of a particular
game” – the answers to these questions are just some of the information which can be
answered by all the available reading materials. Hence, it is a must to build our interest in
reading since this skill can help us to develop our awareness about the world we live in.

In addition, reading can help us to succeed in school. In fact, Artelt, Schiefele, and
Scheneider (2001) stated that the ability to read is a cross-curricular competence. For this
reason, when we are good in reading it is most likely that we can learn and perform better
not only in English and Filipino subjects, but also in Mathematics, Science, Araling
Panlipunan, and so on. The reasons behind this are: these subjects are being taught and
learned using printed curriculum materials (e.g., books, modules, etc.) and our learnings
about them are most of the time being assessed using test papers.

Moreover, reading can guide us in handling real-life undertakings. For instance,

literary works can teach us “on how to how to behave to another person, how to talk gently,
how to live a good life and how to be a good human being (Ghosh, 2018)”. An inspirational
book “can change our way of thinking and give us hope and motivation (Sharma, 2021)”.
Manuals can instruct us how to do or use things. Travel guidebooks can help us to reach
destinations.

Indeed, there are numerous benefits that reading can offer among us and the
following are just few of them – allowing us to discover a lot of things; helping us to succeed
in school; and guiding us in handling real-life undertakings. Hence, let us continuously
improve our reading ability and discover for ourselves how reading can be beneficial to us.

14
 Based on the essay “The Benefits of Reading”, fill the outline below with the information
needed.

____________________________________________
(Title)
I. Introduction
A. Hook/ Background Information:
________________________________________________________________
B. Thesis Statement/Main Point:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
C. Introduction of your reasons:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
II. Body
A. (Reason No.1)
1. (Supporting Detail)
2. (Supporting Detail)

B. (Reason No. 2)
1. (Supporting Detail)
2. (Supporting Detail)

C. (Reason No. 3)
1. (Supporting Detail)
2. (Supporting Detail)
[Link] (State your answer in 1-2 sentences only)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

Additional Activity : Writing the Argumentative Essay

Directions: Using the topic you have chosen in Independent Assessment 1, write an
argumentative essay consisting of the following parts:

First Paragraph: Introduction

Second Paragraph: Discussion for your reason no. 1

Third Paragraph: Discussion for your reason no. 2

Fourth Paragraph: Discussion for your reason no. 3

Fifth Paragraph: Conclusion

15
 Your essay will be graded using the rubric below:
Argumentative Essay Rubric
Effective Adequate Marginal Inadequate
4 3 2 1
Argumentative First paragraph has a First paragraph has First paragraph Attempts to
Topic greeting and a no greeting, but the has no greeting address the topic
clearly written claim. claim is clearly and claim is but with little or
The main idea is written. The main difficult to locate no success. Is
included with three idea is included but is written. The missing many
supporting details. with two or one main idea is important ideas
supporting details. unclear, and no and supporting
supporting details details.
are included.
Organization Establishes a clear Establishes a clear There is some Fails to organize
and logical and logical organization, but it ideas or work is
organization. Has organization. Has is difficult to incomplete.
written five written 3 to 4 identify. Has
paragraphs and each paragraphs with written 2-3
paragraph is some paragraphs paragraphs and
indented. Uses being indented. does not indent.
transitional phrases Uses some Does not use
to move from one transitional transitional
paragraph to phrases to move phrases. Is
another. Conclusion from one missing a
is a summary of the paragraph to conclusion and a
whole document. another. Is missing closing and a
Includes a closing a conclusion or a signature
and signature. closing or a
signature.
Development Weaves three Weaves some Research No research is
& Details relevant research relevant research information seems included.
information details information details unclear, vague. It
and ideas throughout and ideas does not match
the document to throughout the claim or support
support claim. Points document to main idea.
out drawbacks and support claim.
provides solutions. Points out some
drawbacks with
some solutions.
Conventions Free of errors. Has Has some Has several Has too many
of English and no grammatical grammatical errors, grammatical errors that makes
mechanic errors, capitalization capitalization errors, reading the
errors, spelling errors, spelling capitalization document
errors, punctuation errors, punctuation errors, spelling difficult.
errors or errors or errors,
typographical errors. typographical punctuation errors
Uses a variety of errors. Uses ONLY or typographical
sentences; some complex sentences errors. Only writes
complex and some OR simple in simple
simple. sentences. sentence form.
Word Choice Words are used Most words are Many words are Words are vague
correctly and clarify used correctly and used incorrectly. and make
meaning. clarify meaning. message unclear.
Sources: [Link]
[Link] assignments-
4th-trimester-2012-2013
[Link]

16
 17
What I Know What’s In
1. T 1. O
2. F 2. O
3. T 3. F
4. F 4. F
5. T 5. F
6. F
7. T
8. T
9. F
10. T
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
What’s New
A. We can often see pictures and read posts of some people poking fun of others in social media.
Whether we admit it or not, we tend to laugh at them and probably enjoy the drama, right?
B. According to Leung (2015), public shaming is nothing new, but the internet has amplified its
effect. In addition, shaming is most of the time being committed as a form of retribution against
someone who committed social transgression.
C. Whatever reasons we may have, we must remember that online shaming cannot be justified by
any reasons and is not a good thing…
D. …. due to the following possible repercussions of it: the shamers may put themselves in
compromising situations, they are also spreading negative vibes and setting wrong examples
in social media, and they might be destroying the reputation, psychological well-being, and even
the life of the one being shamed.
Reason No.1: The first reason why we should not do online shaming is because we can put
ourselves into a real trouble by doing such.
Evidence to support reason no. 1:
1. The shamers can be sued under Republic Act No.10627 or Anti- Bullying Law in the Philippines.
2. The shamers can also put themselves to become the subjects of ridicule on the internet as well.
Reason No. 2: The shamers are setting wrong examples and spreading negativities through their
humiliating posts against someone.
Evidence to support reason no. 2:
1. They may create impression on others that it is okay to embarrass someone you do not like
through the internet (Barth, 2017).
2. Also, seeing negative posts can be triggering to the thoughts and emotions of the readers
(Robinson and Smith, 2020).
Reason No. 3: The shamers might be destroying the reputation, the psychological well-being, or
even the lives of the people they are humiliating on the internet.
Evidence to support reason no. 3:
1-2. Through irresponsible posts online, some victims isolated themselves from others, lost their
jobs and opportunities in life, had undergone depression, and inflicted self-harm.
State the impression/s the author would like you to assimilate after reading the essay: A person’s
reputation could be tarnished by this form of shaming, but this cannot also change the reality that
whatever a shamer is posting online reflects himself/herself. Hence, let us all utilize social media in
positive and meaningful ways.
Answer Key
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What’s More (Answers may vary)
What I Have Learned
An argumentative essay attempts to change the readers perception and persuade them to
accept a new behavior or to take an action.
The three parts of argumentative essay are: introduction, body, and conclusion.
The body is usually being composed of 3 paragraphs.
In the conclusion, the author should present the summary of and reflections on the arguments
presented in the other parts of the essay.
It is important to learn how to compose an argumentative essay because it can teach you to
research, write, think critically and analytically and to express yourself.
What I Can Do (Answers may vary)
Assessment
I. Introduction
A. Based on the result of 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)
which was released last December 1, 2019, the Philippines scored the lowest in reading
comprehension among 79 participating countries and economies ([Link], 2019).
This finding is saddening for different educational institutions considering all their efforts
to raise the literacy level of their students.
B. …. everyone should realize that reading is a very useful skill not only in school, but also
in real life.
C. In fact, the following are just 3 of many benefits in reading: can allow us to discover a
lot of things; can help us to succeed in school; and can guide us in handling real-life
undertakings.
II. Body
A. Reason no.1: …. the first benefit that reading can offer is that it allows us to discover
many things that we do not know.
1-2. “How does our own culture differ from the other countries?”, “Who composed a
particular song?”, “Who is the developer of a particular game” – the answers to these
questions are just some of the information which can be answered by all the available
reading materials.
B. Reason no. 2: ….reading can help us to succeed in school.
1-2. In fact, Artelt, Schiefele, and Scheneider (2001) stated that the ability to read is a
cross-curricular competence. For this reason, when we are good in reading it is most
likely that we can learn and perform better not only in English and Filipino subjects, but
also in Mathematics, Science, Araling Panlipunan, and so on. The reasons behind this
are: these subjects are being taught and learned using printed curriculum materials
(e.g., books, modules, etc.) and our learnings about them are most of the time being
assessed using test papers.
C. Reason no.3: Moreover, reading can guide us in handling real-life undertakings.
1-2. For instance, literary works can teach us “on how to how to behave to another
person, how to talk gently, how to live a good life and how to be a good human being
(Ghosh, 2018)”. An inspirational book “can change our way of thinking and give us
hope and motivation (Sharma, 2021)”. Manuals can instruct us how to do or use things.
Travel guidebooks can help us to reach destinations.
III. Conclusion: Indeed, there are numerous benefits that reading can offer among us… Hence, let us
continuously improve our reading ability and discover for ourselves how reading can be beneficial to
us.
Additional Activity (Answers may vary)
Answer Key
 References
Electronic Sources:

Artelt, C., Schiefele, U., Schneider, W. (2001). Predictors of Reading Literacy. 2001. European
Journal of Psychology of Education Vol. XVI; No. 3, 363-383. Retrieved January 20, 2021
at [Link]
ng/Publikationen/Artelt/Artelt__Schiefele__Schneider__Predictors_of_reading_literacy_O
[Link]
Barth, D. (2017). 7 Ways to Respond When Someone Shames You. 2021. Psychology Today
Sussex Publishers. Retrieved January 1, 2021 at [Link]
blog/the-couch/201710/7-ways-respond-when-someone-shames-you
Ghosh, S. (2018). How does reading literature help our daily lives?. 2020. Quora Inc. Retrieved
January 20, 2021 at [Link]
lives
Leung, W. (2015). Why do some people take delight in online shaming?. 2021. The Globe and
Mail. Retrieved January 19, 2021 at [Link]
why-do-some-people-take-delight-in-online-shaming/article23861243/
Mac Donnchaidh, S. (2020). Distinguishing Between Fact and Opinion . 2020. Literacy Ideas
for Students and Teachers. Retrieved January 18, 2021 at [Link]
com/teaching-fact-and-opinion
Masters in Education. (N.D.). Teaching Reading. 2012. Masters in Education: Advancing the
Skills of Educators. Retrieved January 20, 2021 at [Link]
ching-reading/
Official Gazette (2013). An Act Requiring All Elementary and Secondary Schools to Adopt Policies
to Prevent and Address the Acts of Bullying in Their Institutions. Retrieved January 18,
2021 at [Link]
Piazza J. & Sousa P. (2019). What Makes People Think That an Action Is Morally Wrong?. 2021.
Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Retrieved January 19, 2021 at
[Link]
Reazons System, Inc. (2021). Five-paragraph Argumentative Essay Rubric. Retrieved January
18, 2021 at [Link]
Robinson, L. & Smith M. (2020). Social Media and Mental Health. 2020. HelpGuideOrg
International. Retrieved January 199, 2021 at [Link]
health/[Link]
Sharma, S. (2021). 17 Reasons Why Reading is Important for Everyone. Retrieved January 20,
2021 at [Link]

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Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System
(LRMDS) Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan

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