IMPORTANT:

* னா ல் உள் ளவார்த்ைதகள் அந் த

paragraphல் எங் வ ன்ற என்பைதகவனிக் க
ேவண் ம் .
* ைடையகண் ப் பாகஒ வார்த்ைத ல் எ தக் டா ரித் எ தேவ
ண் ம் .Write the answer in a sentence from the given paragraph.
For Example:
A Patriot is a man who loves his county, works for it, and is willing to fight and
die for it. Every soldier is bound to do his duty, but the best soldiers do more than
this. They risk their lives because they love the country they are fighting for. They
love its hills and valleys, its cities and villages, its people and their way of life and
they are willing to defend it to the last against enemies who try to conquer it and
destroy it.
Questions:
1. Who is a Patriot?
2. What do the best soldiers do?
3. Why do they risk their lives?
4. What do they love?

Answers:
1. A Patriot is a man who loves his country.
2. The best soldiers risk their lives.
3. They risk their lives because they love the country.
4. They love their country.

44
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 (or)
B)Prospero lived - daughter Miranda - island cave- help of Ariel - raised storm-
Antonio king Naples - Ferdinand- shipwrecked-Proper commands Ariel- bring
Ferdinand - to cave Miranda- sees first time human being- Ferdinand surprised to
see Miranda- Prospero engages- Ferdinand hard tasks Miranda Ariel brings King of
Naples- Antonio- to Prospero- they realise mistake- repent- restores the dukedom to
Prospero - Prospero agrees-marriage of Miranda and Ferdinand.
a)Hero of Holland
Peter was an 8 year old boy in Holland. His mother asked him to give cake to his
blind friend. On his way he saw a small hole in the dike. He wanted to save Holland.
He slept there the whole night in the [Link] morning a passer by saw him. He
called the people. Peter became a great Hero of Holland.
Moral: Save our Nation
b) THE TEMPEST
Prospero was the famous Duke of [Link] of Milan loved [Link] brother
Antonio seized the [Link] sent away Prospero and Miranda to an
[Link] released good spirits.A good spirit helped [Link] raised a
storm to wreck the [Link] did not want to avenge them, but to make them realise
their mistakes.
All of them reached the [Link] and Miranda loved each [Link]’s
enemies repented for their fault.
Prospero forgave [Link], Prospero was portrayed as a noble man by
Shakespeare.
Moral: FORGIVE AND FORGET

Q. No.: 47PARAGRAPH COMPREHENSION OR POEM COMPREHENSION

இந் த னா ல் ெமல் லகற் ம் மாணவர்கள் poem

comprehensionஐேதர் ெசய் வைத டparagraph
comprehensionேதர் ெசய் வ றந் த .
*
ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ளparagraphநன் ரிந் ெகாள் ம் வண்ணம் நிதானமாக
ப க் க
ேவண் ம் .
* ேழெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ள னாக் கைளநன் ப க் கேவண் ம் .
* னா ற் ரிய ைடபத் ல் எங் உள் ள எனகண் க்கேவண் ம் .
*
நம ெசாந் தவார்த்ைதகைளபயன்ப த் தலாம் ஆனால் ப ல் னா ற் ஏ
ற் றவா இ க் கேவண் ம் .
43

*அைனத் னாக் க க் ம் ைடஅளிக் கேவண் ம் .

Page
 5. THE SECRET OF THE MACHINES 6. NO MEN ARE FOREIGN
We were taken from the ore-bed and the mine, Remember, no men are strange, no countries foreign
We were melted in the furnace and the pit— Beneath all uniforms, a single body breathes
We were cast and wrought and hammered to design, Like ours: the land our brothers walk upon
We were cut and filed and tooled and gauged to fit. Is earth like this, in which we all shall lie.
They, too, aware of sun and air and water,
Some water, coal, and oil is all we ask, Are fed by peaceful harvests, by war’s long winter
And a thousandth of an inch to give us play: starv’d.
And now, if you will set us to our task, Their hands are ours, and in their lines we read
We will serve you four and twenty hours a day! A labour not different from our own.
Remember they have eyes like ours that wake
We can pull and haul and push and lift and drive, Or sleep, and strength that can be won
We can print and plough and weave and heat and By love. In every land is common life
That all can recognise and understand.
light,
Let us remember, whenever we are told
We can run and race and swim and fly and dive,
To hate our brothers, it is ourselves
We can see and hear and count and read and write! That we shall dispossess, betray, condemn.
Remember, we who take arms against each other
But remember, please, the Law by which we live, It is the human earth that we defile.
We are not built to comprehend a lie, Our hells of fire and dust outrage the innocence
We can neither love nor pity nor forgive. Of air that is everywhere our own,
If you make a slip in handling us you die! Remember, no men are foreign, and no
countries strange.
Though our smoke may hide the Heavens from your - James Falconer Kirkup
eyes,
It will vanish and the stars will shine again,
Because, for all our power and weight and size,
We are nothing more than children of your brain!
- Rudyard Kipling

PART IV (2 X 8=16)
[Link].: 46 - HINTS DEVELOPING: (SUPPLEMENTARY PARAGRAPH)
TIPS:
ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ள ப் கைளபயன்ப த் ஒ தைலப் TITLEெகா க் க

ேகள் ல் ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ளHYPHEN –

நீ க் ஒ பத் யாக(paragraph)எ த ம்

இ ல் அந் தகைதக் ஏற் றார்ேபால் ஒ MORAL (LIVE A HAPPY LIFE /ALL IS WELL/
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER)எ த ம் .

[Note: Students should write as a paragraph

Write the title - 1 mark
Write a moral- 1 mark
Paragraph - 6 marks.]
Write a paragraph of about 150 words by developing the following hints.
A) Hero of Holland - 8 year old boy - Peter saved the country - dice broke - friend
cake - small hole - finger - slept till night - stood there - dark - next morning -
42

passerby saw - called for help people rescued called him - Hero of Holland.
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BOOK BACK EXERCISES (PG NO: 176, 178)
1. I had desired to have eaten cake. - I had desired to eat a cake.
2. My son is fond to music. - My son is fond of music.
3. Sreena avoids to eat fruits. - Sreena avoids eating fruits.
4. Bravery is not picking a quarrel. - Bravery is not to pick a quarrel.
5. It is easier to say than do. - It is easier said than done.
6. The quality of dal are not good. - The quality of dal is not good.
7. The horse carriage are at the door. - The horse carriage is at the door.
8. My friend and teacher have come. - My friend and teacher has come.
9. Is your father and mother at home? - Are your father and mother at home?
10. Gulliver’s travels are an excellent story. - Gulliver’s travels is an excellent
story.
11. Neither food nor water are found here. - Neither food nor water is found
here.
12. Mathematics are a branch of study. - Mathematics is a branch of study.
13. Fifteen minutes are allowed to read the question. - Fifteen minutes is allowed
to read the questions.

SECTION V (MEMORY POEM)

[Link].: 45 MEMORY POEM

இ கட்டாயமான னாவா ம் ைறந் தபட்சம் 3 POEMப த் த்தல் ேவண் ம்

Poemஎ ய ன்அதன்ஆ ரியர் ( Poet)
ெபயர்நன்றாகெதரி ெமனில் இ ல் எ வ றப் .

1. LIFE 3. I AM EVERY WOMAN

Let me but live my life from year to year, A woman is beauty innate,
With forward face and unreluctant soul, A symbol of power and strength.
Not hastening to, nor turning from the goal; She puts her life at stake,
Nor mourning things that disappear She's real, she's not fake!
In the dim past, nor holding back in fear
The summer of life she's ready to see in spring.
From what the future veils; but with a whole She says, "Spring will come again, my dear.
And happy heart, that pays its toll Let me care for the ones who're near.”
To youth and age, and travels on with cheer. She's The Woman – she has no fear!

So let the way wind up the hill or down, Strong is she in her faith and beliefs.
Through rough or smooth, the journey will be "Persistence is the key to everything,"
joy, says she. Despite the sighs and groans and moans,
Still seeking what I sought when but a boy — She's strong in her faith, firm in her belief!
New friendship, high adventure, and a crown,
I shall grow old, but never lose life’s zest, She's a lioness; don't mess with her.
She'll not spare you if you're a prankster.
Because the road’s last turn will be the best.
Don't ever try to saw her pride, her self-respect.
- Henry Van Dyke. She knows how to thaw you, saw you – so beware!
41

She's today's woman. Today's woman, dear.

Love her, respect her, keep her near...
Page

- Rakhi Nariani Shirke

 Adjectives (Errors in the use of adjectives)
Incorrect Correct
Kala is tallest girl in the class Kala is the tallest girl in the class
Chennai is one of the biggest city in Chennai is one of the biggest cities in
India India
Nitya is taller to Nivi Nitya is taller than Nivi

Easy Tips:
1. _________est ல் ம் adjective
வார்த்ைதக க் ன்னால் theேசர்த் ௭ க.
2. Plural noun க் ற is/was வந் தால் அதைனare/wereஎனமாற் க.
3. Singular noun க் ற are/wereவந் தால் அதைனis/was எனமாற் க.
4. Vowel Sound (a, e, I, o, u) க் ன்னால் ‘a’ வந் தால் ‘an’ எனமாற் க.
5. Honest, Hour, M.L.A, M.P, LIC ேபான்றைவvowel
soundல் ெதாடங் வதால் அதற் ன்னால் ‘an’ேபாடேவண் ம் .
6. European, university, useful, Union, One Rupee ேபான்றைவ consonant sound
ல் ெதாடங் வதால் அதற் ன்னால் ‘a’ ேபாடேவண் ம் .
7. He, She, It, person name subject ஆகவ ம் ேபா verb உடன் “s” அல் ல “es”
ேசர்க்கேவண் ம் . றவற் ற் verb உடன் “s”
அல் ல “es”இ ந் தால் நீ க்க ம் .
8. Prefer, elder, senior, junior என்றவார்த்ைதக க் ன்
‘that’வந் தால் அைதஎ த் ட் to. ேபாட ம் .
9. ‘One of the’ ‘One of these’ அல் ல ‘each of the’
வந் தால் அதற் ன்உள் ளவார்த்ைத டன் “s”
ேசர்த் Pluralஆகஎ த ம் .

40
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 Tenses (Errors in the use of tenses forms)
Incorrect Correct
Money make many things Money makes many things
I have seen the film last week I saw the film last week
She is sleeping for five hours She has been sleeping for five hours
We should helped the poor. We should help the poor.

Numbers (Errors in the use of Singular - Plural)

Incorrect Correct
One of the girl sang well One of the girls sang well
I received some information’s I received, some information
Each of the cycle is damage Each of the cycles is damaged
Don’t discuss about politics in public Don’t discuss politics in public.

Articles (Errors in the use of articles)

Incorrect Correct
He joined an European University He joined a European University
He started to USA yesterday He started to the USA yesterday
He left this place a hour ago He left this place an hour ago
He is good athlete who performs so He is a good athlete who performs well
well
He arranged the furniture properly He arranged furniture properly

Sentence Pattern (Errors in the use of Sentence pattern)

Incorrect Correct
He was to going school He was going to school
Reading made a complete him man Reading made him a complete man

Concord (Errors in the use of concord)

Incorrect Correct
The scissors is kept on the table The scissors are kept on the table
He always bake a cake He always bakes a cake
The students as well as the teacher are The students as well as the teacher is
39

happy happy
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One of the girl sings well One of the girls sings well
 SUMMARY WRITING

Rough Copy :
HEADING
Passage)
Fair Copy:
HEADING
Passage)
Number of words in the given passage :
Number of words in the Fair copy :

[Link].: 44 SPOT THE ERROR AND CORRECT IT.

தவ கள் ழ் க் கண்டவற் ன்உபேயாகத் ல் இ க் கலாம் .

1. Conjunctions
2. Tense Forms
3. Prepositions
4. Numbers (Singular, Plural)
5. Articles
6. Sentence Pattern
7. Concord (Agreement of Verb with subject)
8. Using wrong forms of Adjectives

Prepositions (Errors in the use of Prepositions)

Incorrect Correct
Hema Prefers coffee than tea Hema prefers coffee to tea
Rama is junior than me Rama is junior to me
Despite of his riches he is unhappy Despite his riches, he is unhappy
Don’t discuss about politics in public Don’t discuss politics in public.

Conjunctions (Errors in the use of conjunctions)

Incorrect Correct
Though he is weak, but he works hard Though he is weak, he works hard
As he came late, so he missed the bus. As he came late, he missed the bus
You can neither earn or learn You can neither earn nor learn
She has only two, three friends She has only two or three friends.
38
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TIPS FOR SUMMARY WRITING:
1.ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ளபத் ையப த் ப் பார்த் , த ல் Rough copyையஎ ,
அதற் ஒ தைலப் ம் ெகா த் ,
ெகா க் கப் பட்டபத் ைய க் எ தேவண் ம் .
ன்னர்ெபன் ல் ெகாண் இட ந் வலமாகேகா ேபாட் அ த் ட ம்
.
2. ன்னர்Fair Copyையஎ , தனலப் ெகா த் , Rough
copyஐேம ம் க் எ தேவண் ம் .
அதாவ ெகா க் கப் பட்டபத் ைய ன் ல் ஒ பங் காக னறத் எ தேவண்
ம் .
3.இ யாக
Number of words in the given passage:
Number of words in the fair copy :

SUMMARY WRITING:
ROUGH COPY
SNAKES
Snakes feed on small animals and their eggs. They don’t have limbs to hold their
preys and bite. So, theyuse the poison to immobilize their preys and make
consumption easier. Poisonous snakes are brightly coloured. One example is the
redheaded krait which has a bluish-black body and scarlet head and tail. Cobras,
which haveless outstanding body colors, display their fatality by lifting the front
part of their body and spreading their [Link] can never be their targets for
food as we are normally too large for them to swallow. Snakes’ attacks are usually
defensive ones. The full, fatal dose of the venom is only released on smaller nimals
which the snakescan swallow easily. Besides killing and immobilizing the preys,
the poison also acts as digestive agents.

FAIR COPY
SNAKES
Snakes are poisonous creatures. But they use the venom only on small animals.
They don’t attack humans they are too big for them to swallow. They use the
poison to immobilize the prey and eat it. The poisonous snakes are brightly
coloured to warn their enemy. The full dose of venom is used on small animals. The
venom is not only used for hunting but as a digestive agent.
Number of words in the given passage : 98
Number of words in the Fair copy :35
37
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Q. No.: 43 - NOTE MAKING / SUMMARY WRITING.

இந் த னா ல் Note
Makingஎ ம் ேபா எளி ல் ம ப் ெபண்கள் ெபறவாய் ப் பளிக் ம் .
TIPS FOR NOTE MAKING:
1.ெபா த்த்தமானதைலப் ைப த ல் எ தேவண் ம் .
2.ெகா க்கப் பட் ள் ளபத் ல் இ ந் அைனத் ற் ப் ள் ளிகைள ம் நீ க்
ட் , க் யக த் க் கைளமட் ம் (Main ideas only)
எ த் ப் கைளஎ , இைட ைடேய யேகா (Hyphen)
ெபாட் எ தேவண் ம் .
3.ஒேரபத் யாகஎ தேவண் ம் .
Example:
All snakes are hunters and predators, feeding on the animals and sometimes their
eggs. Having no limbs,snakes cannot hold their preys down to bite; hence they
usually swallow them whole. Poisonous snakes sometimesdo immobilize their
preys with their venom to make consumption easier. Most poisonous snakes are
conspicuously colored to warn others off. One example is the red headed krait,
which has a bluish-black body, and scar let head and tail. Snakes like the cobras,
which have less outstanding body colors, display their fatality by lifting the front
part of their body and spreading their hoods. It is truly a myth that poisonous
snakes attack humans for food. Humans can never be their targets for food as we
are normally too large for them to swallow. In cases where snakes do bite, these
attacks are usually defensive ones and the venom injected is normally little or
sometimes even none. The full, fatal dose of the venom is only released on smaller
animals, which the snakes canswallow easily. Besides helping in the killing and
immobilizing of their preys, the poison also acts as digestiveagents for snakes.

NOTE MAKING:
SNAKES
Snakes – feed – animals- egg – no limbs- prey – bite – poison immobilize – prey –
bright – coloured – redheadedkrait – black body – scarlet head – cobras body –
colour – display – lifting – body hoods – humans – never –target- too large-
defensive – release – smaller –animals- digestive agent.
36
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 REPORT WRITING
* ழா ன்தைலப் ைபந ல் எ தேவண் ம்

*
அதன் ழ் அ க் ைகஎ பவரின்ெபயர்வ ப் மற் ம் ரி ஆ யவற் ைறஎ
தேவண் ம்

* ழாநைடெபற் றநாள் மாதம் வ டம் இடம் ஆ யவற் ைற ப் டேவண் ம்

* ழா ன்ேநாக் கத்ைத ம் , றப் ந் னர்பற் ம் ப் டேவண் ம்

Title of the report

Report writer’s name

Name of the event

Day and time of the event
Purpose of the event
Chief Guest details

WRITE A REPORT OF THE ANNUAL SPORTS DAY OF YOUR SCHOOL.

ANNUAL SPORTS DAY

By Charan 10 C
Government Higher Secondary School, Trichy, organized the ANNUAL SPORTS
DAY on 20th March 2023. Around 1000 students participated in the event. The
program began with a prayer song. TheHeadmaster gave the welcome speech.
The Chief Guest inaugurated the [Link] students took part in the event
happily. As the event went by the campus was filled with [Link] chief guest
gave the prizes to the students. Then AHM read the vote of thanks. The event
ended with National Anthem.

[Link].: 42 – EXPRESS YOUR VIEWS ON THE GIVEN PICTURE

ெகா க்கப் பட் ள் ளபடத் ற் ஏற் றார்ேபால் அந் தகாட் ையபற்
ஐந் வாக் யங் கள் எ தேவண் ம் .
This picture is about ________________________
I can see ______________________ in this picture.
This picture is good.
The picture has many ideas.
This picture is nice.
I like this picture.
35

This picture is clear.

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▪What – என்னநிகழ் ச் ?

▪Where – நிகழ் ச் நைடெபறஇ க் ம் இடம்

▪When – நிகழ் ச் நைடெப ம் நாள் மற் ம் ேநரம் .

▪For Whom – யா க் காணநிகழ் ச் ?

▪Why – ஏன்இந் தநிகழ் ச் ?

✓ All are welcome. Tea and snacks will be provided. Fun activities will also be arranged –
ேபான்ற ெபா வானவாக் யங் கைளபயன்ப த் தலாம் . இ யாக,

✓ For more details, contact – என் ப் ட ம் .

✓இ யாகமாணவர்ெபயர் / ேதர் எண் ப் ட் , SPL / Captain எ த ம் .

NOTICE
GOVT GIRLS HR. SEC. SCHOOL, ASHOK NAGAR, CHENNAI -83
FANCY FETE
28th March 2023,
This is to inform all the students/people that our school/ organization/ association
is going to celebrate/ organize FETE FANCY on 21st April 2023 at 10.00 am in the
school campus. Students from class VI to XII can [Link] are welcome.
Tea and snacks will be provided. Fun activities will also be organised.
For more details kindly, contact the undersigned.
Ganesh
(school pupil leader)
You are Nikil/Nikitha pupil leader of your [Link] a notice on behalf of your
school inviting the grandparents of the students to celebrate in World Elders’ day
in your school auditorium on the 20th of next month.

NOTICE
GOVT. HR. SEC. SCHOOL – SOMANDARGUDI
WORLD ELDERS DAY
28th March 2023,
All the students are informedthat our school is going to celebrateWorld Elders Day
on 20-04-2023 at 10.00 am in our school auditorium. Students from class VI to XII
can participate. Interested students can bring your grandparents. All are welcome.
Tea and Snacks will be provided. Fun activities will be arranged. Inform your
parents and invite them for the function.

For more details contact,

M. Vijayakumar.
(SPL).
34
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ORDERING LETTER:
On reading the discount I would like to place an order _______________. I need the
following copies.
Send me the items as early as possible.
COMPLAINING LETTER:
I am … (name/ Exam no.) …. living in the address mentioned above. I am sorry to
inform that …….
(Mention the problem here) …… Kindly take the needed actions.
JOB SEEKING APPLICATION:
I am …. (name/ Exam No.) … living in the address mentioned above. I saw your
advertisement. I wish to apply for that post. If you appoint me, I assure I will do my
best.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR :
Through your daily I wish to bring to the notice of the authorities about the
_____________.Kindly publish this letter in your daily so the officers take the
necessary action.
LETTER OF ENQUIRY
I wish to know about the_____. Please, let me know the best way to learn the
details.

Q. No.: 41 - NOTICE WRITING

STEPS:
▪ Put a rectangular box. (ெசவ் வகப் கபட் )

▪ NOTICEஎன் headingஇல் ெகா க் க ம் .

▪ Write the school name (பள் ளி ன்ெபயர்எ த ம் )

▪ Write the name of the program ( நிகழ் ச் ன்ெபயைரஎ த ம் )

▪ Noticeஐ, ஒட் ம் பலைக ல் அ ல் க்கேவண் ம் .

இட ஓரத்த் ல் க் க ம் .

COMMON TEMPLATE:

✓ All the students are informed that…….. என் ஆரம் க் க ம் .

33

✓ Paragraph – இல் நிகழ் ச் ையபற் ய5 வரங் கள் ப் டேவண் ம் .

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Poster making also can be asked in Qn. 39
Posters are cards displayed in the public places announcing or advertising
something.
• Write relevant catchy slogans.
• Draw attractive pictures.
• Use different writing style (font style) to make the poster impressive.
• Use the following slogans in general.

Save Earth. Save Water. Save Nature/trees.

Say ‘No’ to Plastic. Say ‘No’ to Drugs
[Link].40. LETTER WRITING
LETTER WRITING FORMAT FOR LATE BLOOMERS
Xxx,
No:4, abc street,
Xyz nagar,
Chennai.

28TH MARCH 2023

Yyy,
No:14, 5th avenue,
Ashok nagar,
Chennai- 600 001.

Sir/ madam,
Subject: Regarding
(body) (write the question)

Thanking you,
Yours sincerely,
32

xxx.
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 Q. No.: 39 – ADVERTISEMENT
Prepare an attractive advertisement using the hints given below

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2. The next room, a broad gallery about a quarter of a mile long, was devoted to
publicity, and it well may be imagined what the publicity for such a journal as the
Earth Herald had to be. It brought in a daily average of three million dollars. They
aregigantic signs reflected on the clouds, so large that they can be seen all over
a whole country. For that gallery a thousand projectors were unceasingly
employed in sending to the clouds, on which they were reproduced in colour,
inordinate advertisements. At that moment, the clock struck twelve. The director
of the Earth Herald left the hall and sat down in a rolling armchair. In a few
minutes, he had reached his dining room half a mile away, at the far end of the
office.

i) What was the next room devoted to?

Ans: The next room devoted to publicity.
ii) What was the breadth of the gallery?
Ans: It was about a quarter of a mile long.
iii) How much did the gallery bring in?
Ans: It brought in a daily average of three million dollars.
iv) How was advertisement done here?
Ans: A thousand projectors were unceasingly employed in sending to the
clouds, on which they were
reproduced in colour, these inordinate advertisements.
v) Where did the director of the Earth Herald sit?
Ans: In a rolling armchair.

SECTION – IV (4 OUT OF 6)
Section – IV – 4 Questions to be answered out of 6 questions (4/6) 4x5 = 20
39. Advertisement from hints (Poster making, Pamphlet making)
40. Letter Writing
41. Notice Writing (email writing, message writing, report writing, speech writing, slogan
writing, article writing)
42. Picture Description
43. Make Notes (or) Write a Summary
44. Error spotting
Priority for Late bloomers: Qn. 39, 42, 43.
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Answer:
i. Prospero and Miranda came to an island and lived in a cave.
ii. Using his powers, Prospero released the good spirits from large bodies of trees.
iii. He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck the ship of his inmates.
iv. He ordered the Arial to torment the inmates of the ship.
v. Ariel was instructed to bring Ferdinand, the Prince of Naples to his cave.
[Link].: 38. READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS THAT
FOLLOW
ெகா க் கப் பட்டபத் ையஇரண் அல் ல ன் ைறநன்றாகப க் க ம் ேக
ள் ல் உள் ளவார்த்ைதகைளக்ெகாண் பத் ல் ப ல் உள் ளவாக் யத்ைத
கண்ட ந் வாக் யமாகப ல் எ த ம் ஏன்என்னஎப் ெபா ?
எத்தைனஎவ் வள ேநரம் யா ைடயஎங் ேகயார்எப் ப எவ் வள ரம் என்னநட
ந் த

1. One afternoon in the early fall, when Peter was eight years old, his mother
called him from his play. “Come, Peter,” she said. “I want you to go across the
dike and take these cakes to your friend, the blind man. If you go quickly, and do
not stop to play, you will be home again before dark.” The little boy was glad to go
on such an errand, and started with a light heart. He stayed with the poor blind
man a little while to tell him about his walk along the dike and about the sun and
the flowers and the ships far out at sea. Then he remembered his mother’s wish
that he should return before dark, bidding his friend goodbye, he set out for
home.
i) What did Peter’s mother want him to do?
Ans: She wanted him to go across the dike and take these cakes to his friend,
the blind man .
ii) What did Peter’s mother advise him to do?
Ans: To go quickly, and do not stop to play and will be home again before dark.
iii) Why was the little boy glad?
Ans: The little boy was glad to go on such an errand to meet his friend.
iv)What did the little boy tell his friend?
Ans: The boy told his friend about his walk along the dike and about the sun
and the flowers and the
ships far out at sea.
v) What did the little boy remember?
Ans: He remembered his mother’s wish that he should return before dark.
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• They are powerful and strong.
• They obey human commands.

• We should use them carefully

[Link].: 36 – POEM PARAPHRASE

Tips.: ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ளPOEMவரிகைளவாக் யங் களாகமாற் எ த ம்

Paraphrase the following stanza.
We can pull and haul and push and lift and drive,
We can print and plough and weave and heat and light,
We can run and race and swim and fly and dive,
We can see and hear and count and read and write

Answer
The given lines are taken from the poem __________________ written by the
poet ______________. The central theme of the poem is “LIVE A HAPPY AND
JOYFUL LIFE”
The poet says we can pull and haul and push and lift and drive. We can print and
plough and weave and heat and light. We can run and race and swim and fly and
dive. We can see and hear and count and read and write.
This stanza is the heart and soul of the poem. It expresses the feelings and
emotion of the poet. This particular stanza is enough to show the mastery of the
poet.

SECTION – III (SUPPLEMENTARY READER)

TIPS TO LATE BLOOMERS

ேகள் 37 மற் ம் 38
ஆ யஇரண் ேகள் களில் ஒ ேகள் க் ப ல் அளிக் ேகண் ம் .
இ ல் ேகள் 38 – ஐஎ னால் எளி ல் ம ப் ெபண்ெபறஇய ம் .
[Link].: 37 – REARRANGE IN COHERENT ORDER

இந் த னா ல் கைத ல் உள் ளசம் பவங் கைளசரியானவரி ல் எ த ம் .

Example :SUPPLEMENTARY - 1
i. He ordered Ariel to torment the inmates of the ship.
ii. Using his powers, Prospero released the good spirits from large bodies of trees.
iii. He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck the ship of his enemies.
iv. Prospero and Miranda came to an island and lived in a cave.
28

v. Ariel was instructed to bring Ferdinand, the Prince of Naples to his cave.
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 SECTION II
[Link].: 33 & 34. POEM PARAGRAPH
1. LIFE
• The poet wants to lead a joyful life.
• He does not want to hurry.
• He does not move away from his goal.
• He does not mourn the lost things.
• He is not afraid of future.
• He seeks new friendship, high adventure and a crown.
• He will keep the courage of quest.
• He hopes every turn of his life will be the best.

2. THE GRUMBLE FAMILY

• There is a pessimistic family in complaining street.
• They are always discontented and dissatisfied.
• Rain or sun, summer, winter, high or humble they complain about everything.
• It is good to stay away from them.
• Indirectly, the poet advises us not be like them.
• We should be optimistic and happy.

3. I AM EVERY WOMEN
• Today’s woman is the symbol of power and strength.
• She is optimistic
• She has no fear.
• She has strong faith.
• She is ferocious like lioness,
• She has pride and self-respect.
• So, we have to love and respect her.
4. THE ANT AND THE CRICKET
• The Cricket enjoyed all season and didn’t save food.
• It starved during winter.
• But the ant worked hard and saved food.
• The cricket pleaded the ant for food and shelter.
• But the ant refused.
• Work hard and plan for future.

5. THE SECRET OF THE MACHINES

• Machines tell us how they are made.

• They are made from ores.

• They are made to do work all day.
27

• They need water, coal and oil.

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 [Link] NIGHT THE GHOST GOT IN
• The narrator heard footsteps in the dining room.
• He and his brother thought it was a ghost.
• They slammed the door in fear.
• The door sound woke up their mother.
• She thought there were burglars.
• She threw a shoe at Bodwell’s window for help.
• Bodwell called the police.
• They did not find anybody.
. Grandpa mistook the police and shot them.
• Next morning it was known that their grandpa made the sound.
CONFUSION AND CHAOS ENDS IN HUMOUR

[Link] WOMEN NAVIGATING THE WORLD

• INSV Tarini is a navy ship.
• Nari Shakti means women power.
• Six women crew sailed in Tarini.
• They were selected based on their survival skills.
• They finished the voyage within 254 days.
• Vartika was the head of the team.
• It was the great voyage.
• It is proved that the women are empowered.
WOMAN ARE THE BUILDERS OF THE NATION

4. THE ATTIC
• The Attic describes childhood days.
• Sanyal was a brilliant student.
• Aditya was his friend.
• Aditya hid Sanyal’s medal in an attic.
• Later Aditya realized his mistake.
• Aditya returned it to Sanyal.
• Both Aditya and Sanyal were happy.
TIME CHANGES THE ATTITUDES OF PEOPLE

5. TECH BLOOMERS
• Technology makes life easy for all.
• Technology helps the disabled to lead normal life.
• It helps them to be independent.
• Alisha uses Dragon dictate technology.
• David uses technology for verbal communication.
• Technology enhances education.
• Technology will assist human in all walks of life.
TECHNOLOGY IS A BOON
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Exercise:
A Stranger wants to visit the Abirami Textile. Write the steps to guide him to reach the destination.

Answer:
Go Straight
Turn Right
Walk past the Hotel
You can reach the Abirami Textile.

PART – III [10 x5 = 50)

SECTION – I

[Link].: 29 -32 PROSE PARAGRAPH

1. HIS FIRST FLIGHT
.The seagull was alone on the ledge.
• His parents called him to fly.
.The seagull was afraid to fly.
• The seagull was tired due to starvation.
• His mother showed a piece of fish and made him to dive.
• The seagull dived for fish and started to fly at last.
• He landed on the sea.
• He finally overcame his fear.
. seagull’s family was happy.
DON’T BE AFRAID
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Subject, Verbகண்ட ய ம்

SVO patternல் எ த ம் .

* Pronoun (I, we, you, he, she, it,

they)க க் அ த் ததாக ைனச்ெசால் ைலேதர் ெசய் யேவண் ம் .

*
வார்த்ைதகைளஇடம் மாற் அைமத் தப் ன்னர்அதன்அைமப் சரியாகஉள் ள
தாஎன்பைதவா த் ப் பார்த் அர்த்தத்ைதக்ெகாண் உ ெசய் ெகாள் ள
ம் .

Exercises:
1. as/ i/ healthy/ are/ you/am/as.
I am as healthy as you are.
2. Your/ today/ put on/ new/ since/ is/ birthday/ dress/ the.
Since today is your birthday, put on the new dress.
3. allergic/ dogs/ Rani/ though/ is/ to/ of/ six/she/ them/ has.
Though Rani is allergic to dogs, she has six of them.
4. speaks/ Ruben/ besides/ German/ languages/ two.
Ruben speaks two languages besides German.
5. loan/ apply/ you/ it/ for/ you/a/get/ will/ immediately/ if.
If you apply for a loan, you will get it immediately.

[Link].: 28. ROAD MAP

1. த ல் ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ளேகள் ைவநன்றாகப த் பார்ககேவண் ம் .

2.இரண்டாவதாகஎந் தஇடத் ற் நீ ங் கள் ெசல் லேவண் ம் என்பைதேகள்
ல் நன்
ப த் ரிந் ெகாள் ளேவண் ம் .
You are
hereஎன்றவார்த்ைதஎங் இ க் றேதாஅங் ந் தான்நீ ங் கள் வ காட்ட
ேவண் ம்
எ ம் ைற:
1. Go Straightேநராகெசல் ல ம் 2. Turn Rightவலப் பக்கம் ம் ப ம்
3. Turn Leftஇடப் பக்கம் ம் ப ம் 4. Walk past theகடந் ெசல் ல ம்
5. You will see the
6.இ யாகYou can reach—----------
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 Ans: Varsha started learning music when she was six .
3. As Varun is a voracious reader, he buys a lot of books. (into simple)
Ans: Being a voracious reader, Varun buys a lot of books.
4. Walk carefully lest you should fall down. (into complex)
Ans: Unless you walk carefully, you will fall down.
5. Besides being a dancer, she is a singer. (into compound)
Ans: She is not only a dancer but also a singer.
6. He is sick but he attends the rehearsal (into simple)
Ans: In Spite of his sickness, he attends the rehearsal
7. If Meena reads more, she will become proficient in the language. (into
compound)
Ans: Meena reads more and she will become proficient in the language
8. He confessed that he was guilty, (into simple)
Ans: He confessed his guilt.
9. The boy could not attend the special classes due to his mother's illness. (into
compound)
Ans: His mother was ill and so the boy could not attend the special classes.
10. He followed my suggestion. (into complex)
Ans: He followed what I suggested.

[Link].: 27. REARRANGE WORDS TO MAKE MEANINGFUL SENTENCE

இடமாற் ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ளெசாற் கைளசரியானவரிைச ல் அைமத் அர்

த் த ள் ளவாக் யமாகமாற் ற ம் .

when though, although, since, until, if, unless, while, neither,

eitherஇந் தவார்த்ைதகள் வந் தால்

ெகா க் கப் பட்டேகள் ந் அந் தப ைய த ல் எ த ம் .

and, or, for but as well as, but

alsoேபான்றவார்த்ைதகள் வந் தால் அந் தப் ப ையந ல் எ த ம் .
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 Example : As soon as the children saw the teacher, they stood up.

Compound sentence :
A Compound sentence has two main clauses combined by coordinating
conjunctions.
Example: The children saw the teacher and they stood up. Key words for S

Simple Compound Complex

Cause & effect On account of And As
காரணமாக because of So Since
Owing to Because
Due to
Cause & effect In Spite of But Though
இ ந் தா ம் / Despite yet Although
இ ப் ம் still Even though
nevertheless
Condition (positive) In the event of/ And If
இவ் வா இ ந் In case of
தால்

Condition In the event of/ Or unless

(negative) In case of …not Otherwise
இவ் வா இல் லா Else
ட்டால் Lest

Time :உடேன On +verb+ing And at once When/ as soon as

Time: ற Having…. And then After

Addition Besides verb+ing As well as Not only……but

இ மட் மல் ல also
….
அ ம் ட

Exercises:
1. On seeing the teacher, the children stood up. (into complex)
22

Ans: As soon as the children saw the teacher, they stood up.
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2. At the age of six, Varsha started learning music.( into complex)

 [Link].26. RELATIVE PRONOUN / SIMPLE,COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES:
RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
ெகா க் கப் பட்டஇரண் வாக் யங் கைள Relative pronouns(who, whom, whose,

which, that) ெகாண் இைணக் க ம் .

* தல் வாக் யத் ல் ஒ நபைரபற் ேப ம் ெபா இரண்டாம் வாக் யத்

ல் அந் தநபைரபற் க் ம் ெபா ட் he, she, they ேபான்ற pronouns வந் தால்

who ஆல் இைணக் க ம் .

தல் வாக் யத் ல் ஒ நபைரபற் ேப ம் ெபா இரண்டாம் வாக் யத்

ல் அந் தநபைரபற் க் ம் ெபா ட் him,her,them வந் தால் whom

ஆல் இைணக் க ம் .
தல் வாக் யத் ல் ஒ நபைரபற் ேப ம் ெபா இரண்டாம் வாக் யத்

ல் அந் தநபைரபற் க் ம் ெபா ட் his, her, their வந் தால் whose

ஆல் இைணக் க ம் .

தல் வாக் யத் ல் ஒ ெபா ைளபற் ேப ம் ெபா இரண்டாம் வாக் ய

த் ல் அந் தெபா ைளபற் க் ம் ெபா ட் it, theyவந் தால் which

ஆல் இைணக் க ம் .
Examples:
1. I have a book. It is written by Rabindranath Tagore.
I have a book which is written by Rabindranath Tagore.
2. Kavita is my teacher. She teaches us English.
Kavita is my teacher who teaches us English.
3. This is Varun. His father is an architect.
This is Varun whose father is an architect.
4. I have sold the house. It was located at the bank of a river.
I have sold the house which was located at the bank of a river.

[Link]. [Link],COMPLEX AND COMPOUND

Simple Sentence:
A simple sentence consists of only one finite verb .
Example.: On seeing the teacher, the children stood up.

Complex sentence
21

A complex sentence has one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
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Sentence ல் எந் தஒ நி த் தற் க ம் capital
lettersக ம் ெகா க் கப் படாமல் ேகட்கப் பட் க் ம் . ேதைவயான punctuation
marks பயன்ப த் எ த ம் .

Capital Letters
*Sentence ன் தல் எ த் ஊர்மற் ம் ெபயர்களின் தல் எ த் capital letter
ல் எ த ம் .
*i எனதனியாகவந் தால் அதைன capital letterல் I எனமாற் எ த ம் .
* im, ive id வந் தால் I’m,I’ve, I’d எனமாற் எ த ம் .
*கட ைள க் ம் ெசாற் கள் (God, Lord, He) வந் தால் தல் எ த்ைத Capital
Letter ல்
எ த ம் .
Direct Speech வ ம் ேபா (" ") உபேயா க்க ம்
* இரண் அல் ல அதற் ேமற் ப ட்டெபா ள் கைளக் க் ம் ேபா (,) comma
உபேயா க் க ம் .
*Declarative sentence (.) Interrogative sentence (?)
Imperative sentence (.) Exclamatory sentence (!)
உபேயா க் க ம் .

Examples:
1. ariel said O my young gentleman
Ans: Ariel said "O my young gentleman",
2. a zigzag way id call it wouldn't you
Ans: Zigzag way, I'd call it wouldn't you?
3. the old man said to ravi what a beautiful tree it is
Ans: The oldman said to Ravi, "What a beautiful tree it is!”
4. oh honourable mother your kindness breaks my heart.
Ans: “Oh, honourable mother, your kindness breaks my heart.”
5. alas alas cried the farmer the truth must be told
Ans: "Alas! Alas! cried the farmer, "The truth must be told.”
6. I shall really have discovered the absolute
Ans:”I shall really have discovered the absolute.”
7. ill stand it somehow he thought
Ans: "I'll stand it somehow.”he thought.
8. you will have to pay for my funeral.
Ans: "You will have to pay for my funeral.”
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 ADVERB CHANGES
Examples:
[Link] said” I have bought vegetables.”
Ans: He said that he had bought vegetables.
[Link] teacher said to the student,”Can you draw the picture?”
Ans: The teacher asked the student if he could draw the picture.
3. The lady said, “Please post the letter.”
Ans: The lady requested to post the letter.
4. The mother said, “Don't touch the wire.”
Ans: The mother warned not to touch the wire.
5. That teacher said to the students,”switch off the fans when you leave the
class.”
Ans: The teacher ordered the students to switch off the fans when they left the
class.

Direct speech Indirect speech

Today That day

Tomorrow the next day /the following day

Yesterday the previous day/ the day before

Last week / last month / last year the previous week/ the previous month/
the previous year

Next week/ next month / next year the following week /the following month
/the following year

Now then

Here there

This that

[Link].: 25. PUNCTUATION

1. Full Stop (.) 7. Quotation Mark (" ")
2. Comma (,) 8. Apostrophe (‘)
[Link] (;) 9. Hyphen (-)
4. Colon (:) 10. [()]
19

5. Question Mark (?) 11. Dash (-)

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6. Exclamation Mark (!) 12. Capital Letters (A,B,C,D)

QUESTION NUMBER 24: DIRECT INTO INDIRECT SPEECH
Method:
இவ் னா 2 ைறகளில் ேகட்கப் படலாம் .
1. ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ளேநர் ற் வாக் யத்ைத (Direct Speech)
அயற் ற் வாக் யமாகமாற் றேவண் ம் (Indirect Speech) அல் ல Indirect
Speech ஆகஇ ந் தால் Direct Speech ஆகமாற் றேவண் ம் .
Tips:
1. த ல் ெகா க் கப் பட் ள் ள Sentence
எந் தவைகையசார்ந்த எனகண்ட யேவண் ம் .
2. ேழெகா க்கப் பட் ள் ள 5 rules
கைள ம் ஒவ் ெவான்றாகெசயல் ப த் தேவண் ம் .
3. Dialogue ெகா த் ந் தால் ேப பவர்யார்,
ேகட்பவர்யார்என் நன் ரிந் ெகாண் Speech மாற் றப் படேவண் ம் .
ஒ வர் வைதஅவர்ெசால் வ ேபாலேவ ப் ச்ெசான்னால் அ
Direct Speech.
ஒ வர் வைதமாற் நாம் வ ேபால் னால் அ Indirect Speech

Rules:
● Reporting verb changed
● conjunction added
● pronoun changed
● Tense changed (present to past tense
past tense to past perfect tense)
● Time and place changed.

DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT

SPEECH

KINDS OF REPORTING REPORTING CONJUNCTION

SENTENCES VERB VERB
DECLARATIVE Said said that
Said to told

INTERROGATIVE Said/said to asked Wh Question word

● WH QUESTION If/whether
● YES/NO
QUESTION

IMPERATIVE Said/said to ordered, to/not to

requested,
advised

Exclamatory Said/said to exclaimed, that

exclaimed happily,
exclaimed sadly
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 SECTION III (3 OUT OF 5)
GRAMMAR [Link]: 23 -27
QUESTION NO.23 ACTIVE VOICE & PASSIVE VOICE
Active Voice:
In Active voice the subject is the doer of the action.
Passive Voice:
In a passive voice the subject is the sufferer of the action.
Basic rules for changing Active Voices into Passive Voices:
1. The places of the subject and object will interchange.
2. Verbs change into Passive form.
3. The word "by" will be used before an object in the passive voice.

Tenses Active voice Passive voice

Simple tenses Play/plays Is/am/are +played
played Was/were+played
Continuous tenses Is/Is/am/are +playing Is/am/are +being played
Was/were+playing Was/were+ being played

Perfect tenses Have/has/had played Have/has/had + been

played
Modals Can /could/ will /would/ Can /could/ will /would/
shall/ should/ may /might/ shall/ should/ may /might/
must play must + be played

Example: Imperative sentences:

You are making a cake now (AV) Please pass the salt. (AV)
A cake is being made by you now (PV) You are requested to pass the salt.(PV)
Rosy will solve the problem. (AV) Don't talk. (AV)
The problem will be solved by You are advised not to talk. (PV)
Rosy.(PV) Write neatly. (AV)
You have invited Raman to the You are instructed to write neatly. (PV).
party.(AV)
Raman has been invited by you to the
party. (PV)
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 5. THE SECRET OF MACHINES
[Link] does ‘We’ refer to?
Ans: We refer to the machines.
[Link] is the speaker here?
Ans: The machine is the speaker here.
[Link] do the machines need to run?
Ans: The machines need water, coal, and oil to run.
[Link] kind of work can machines do?
Ans: Machines can pull, haul, push, drive, print, plough and weave.
[Link] does the pronoun ‘you’ refer to here?
Ans: The pronoun you refers to the human being.
[Link] task is referred to as ‘our task’ here?
Ans: The Machine's task is referred to as our task.

6. NO MEN ARE FOREIGN

[Link] is found beneath all uniforms?
Ans: A single body is found beneath all uniforms.
[Link] is common for all of us?
Ans: The sun, air and water are common for all of us.
[Link] are we fed?
Ans: We are fed by a peaceful harvest.
[Link] the season referred here.
Ans: The winter season.
[Link] does “their” refer to?
Ans: ‘Their’ refers to men from different countries.

7. THE HOUSE ON ELM STREET

[Link] does ‘It’ refer to?
Ans: ‘It’ refers to the mysterious house.
[Link] is the house a mysterious place?
Ans: No one knows what is happening inside the house. So it is a mysterious
place.
[Link] the poet know what happened in the house?
Ans: No, the poet doesn’t know what happened in the house.
[Link] way the tree is a mystery?
Ans: The tree is a mystery because no leaves grow in it. It neither grows tall nor
becomes short.
[Link] is the mystery about the house?
Ans; There is no sign of life inside the house.
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 Ans: No, the poet isn’t afraid of the future.
5. How can one travel on with cheer?
Ans: One can travel cheerfully with a happy heart.
[Link] is the poet’s hope?
Ans: The poet hopes that the end of the journey in his life will be the best .

2. THE GRUMBLE FAMILY

[Link] does the family live?
Ans: The family lives in the complaining Street
[Link] does the word ‘growl’ mean here?
Ans: The word growl means ‘grumbling’.
[Link] does the poet expect everyone to learn?
Ans: The poet expects everyone to learn to walk with a smile.
[Link] should we do when things go wrong sometimes?
Ans: When things go wrong, we need to feel happy and be cheerful.

3. I AM EVERY WOMAN
[Link] does the word summer mean here?
Ans: Summer here means development/hard time.
[Link] does she take a life?
Ans: She takes life optimistically.
[Link] does she mean by “spring will come again”?
Ans: The poet means that the future will be better.
[Link] is she strong about?
Ans: She is strong about her faith and belief.
[Link] should a woman be treated?
Ans: A woman should be treated with love and respect.

4. THE ANT AND THE CRICKET

[Link] was the routine of the cricket?
Ans: The routine of the cricket was singing.
[Link] does ‘he’ refer to?
Ans: He refers to the cricket.
[Link] was his cupboard empty?
Ans: His cupboard was empty because he had not stored any food during
summer.
[Link] made the cricket bold?
Ans: Starvation and hunger made the cricket bold.
[Link] do you think ants neither borrow nor lend?
Ans: Because they work hard and plan for the future.
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 [Link] WOMEN NAVIGATING THE WORLD
[Link] does INSV stand for?
INSV Stands for “Indian Naval Ship Vessel”.
[Link] does the term circumnavigation mean?
Circumnavigation means to travel all around the world.
[Link] is Tara-Tarini?
Tara-Tarini is the second sailboat of the Indian Navy. The boat was named after
the famous ‘Tara- Tarini’ temple in the Ganjam district of Odisha.
[Link] skill was considered important in the selection process?
The survival skill was considered important in the selection process.
[Link] festival did they celebrate during their expedition?
They celebrated Diwali during their expedition at sea.

[Link] LAST LESSON

[Link] was Franz sorry for?
Ans: Franz was sorry for not learning French properly.
[Link] does M. Hamel say that we must guard our language?
Ans: M. Hamel said that we must guard our language because when people are
enslaved, their language works as a key to release them.

[Link] DYING DETECTIVE

[Link] were the instructions given by Holmes to Watson?
Ans: Holmes instructed Watson to persuade Smith to come to meet Holmes.
He also asked Watson to return before the arrival of Smith.
[Link] didn’t Holmes let Watson examine him?
Ans: Holmes was acting as if he was suffering from a contagious disease. So
he didn’t let Watson examine him.

SECTION II
[Link].: 19-22 POEM TWO MARK QUESTIONS
1. LIFE
[Link] does the word ‘me’ refer to?
Ans: ‘Me’ refers to the poet, Henry Van Dyke.
[Link] kind of life does the poet want to lead?
Ans: The poet wants to lead a happy life.
[Link] does the poet mean by the phrase ‘in the dim past’?
14

Ans: The poet means that the past was very dull and glum.
Page

4. Is the poet afraid of the future?

4. What happened to the young seagull when it landed on the green sea ?
Ans: He sank into it. His belly touched the water. He was floating on it.

[Link] NIGHT THE GHOST GOT IN

5. What were the various sounds the brothers heard when they went downstairs?
Ans: They heard the food steps circling the dining table.

6. What woke up the mother?

Ans: The slamming of the doors woke up the mother.
7. Why do you think Mrs Bodewell wanted to sell the house ?
Ans: Mrs. Bodwell wanted to sell the house because she wanted to go back to
Peoria.
[Link] did the cops manage to enter the locked house?
Ans: The cops managed to enter the locked house by breaking the glass of the
front door.

[Link] WOMEN NAVIGATING THE WORLD

[Link] does INSV stand for?
INSV Stands for “Indian Naval Ship Vessel”.
[Link] does the term circumnavigation mean?
Circumnavigation means to travel all around the world.
[Link] is Tara-Tarini?
Tara-Tarini is the second sailboat of the Indian Navy. The boat was named after
the famous ‘Tara- Tarini’ temple in the Ganjam district of Odisha.
[Link] skill was considered important in the selection process?
The survival skill was considered important in the selection process.
[Link] festival did they celebrate during their expedition?
They celebrated Diwali during their expedition at sea.

[Link] ATTIC
[Link] were Aditya’s ancestors?
Ans: Aditya’s ancestors were once the Zamindars.
[Link] did Aditya visit?
Ans: Aditya visited his school.
[Link] was the daily routine of Sanyal?
Ans: Sanyal comes to the tea shop, has tea and biscuits, and always
remembers to pay
for it as he has an acute sense of self-respect.
[Link] did Aditya offer Sanyal?
Ans: Aditya offered Sanyal one hundred and fifty rupees. It was the price of the
medal.
13

[Link] did Aditya and his friend go to the jeweller?

Ans: Aditya and his friend went to find out the weight of the silver medal.
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B. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CONNECTOR THAT GOES WITH THE UNDERLINED
WORDS.
1. Both the minister and the officers visited the affected areas.
2. Jaya teaches not only English but also Science.
3. Either Raghu or Bala will have to buy vegetables from the market.
4. No sooner did I enter the house than it started drizzling.

C. COMBINE THE PAIRS OF SENTENCES USING APPROPRIATE CONNECTORS .

1. We came late but We did not miss the train.
2. They checked the packet twice and then they sealed it.
3. When Sita saw a snake, at once she ran away.
4. Robert completed the project and thenhe submitted it to the teacher.
5. Yusuf was running high temperatureand so He could not take part in the
competition.

D. TICK THE CORRECT LINKER.

1. Though he was honest, he was punished.
2. Walk carefully otherwise you will fall down.
3. My mother called me while I was playing football.
4. My salary is low nevertheless I find the work interesting.
5. The passengers rushed to board the bus as soon as it arrived.

PTA&PUBLIC-QUESTIONS
1. Even though he is ninety years old, he is in the pink of health.
2. Whenever I looked up, I n saw Mr. Hamel sitting motionless.
3. When/how did Muthu solve the problem?
4. Unless you work hard, you cannot secure good marks.
5. Whenever winter comes, he gets worried.
6. Women are strong, brave and resolute.
7. My uncle entered my house when I was doing my homework.
8. They faced many hardships nevertheless they are always cheerful

PART II (10x2=20)
Section I
[Link]: 15 -18 PROSE TWO MARKS
1. HIS FIRST FLIGHT
[Link] did the young seagull fail to fly?(or ) How was the young seagull’s first
attempt to fly?
Ans: The young seagull was afraid to fly.
2. What did the parents do when the young seagull failed to fly?
Ans: The parents scolded him and made him starve.
12

3. What prompted the young seagull to fly finally?

Page

Ans: The sight of the food prompted the young seagull to fly finally.
[Link]. 14 - CONJUNCTIONS / CONNECTORS / LINKERS / LINK WORDS
a) Linkersஎன்ப ஒ இைணப் ெசால் ,ெசாற் ெறாடர்கைளஇைணக் க
பயன்ப த்தப் ப ன்றன.
b) And, also ஆ யைவ தல் தகவல் கைள
(information)ேசர்க்கபயன்ப த் தப் ப ற .
c) Since, because ஆ யைவேவ பாட்ைடக்காட்டபயன்ப த்தப் ப ற
d) So, henceஆ யைவ ைள கைளக்காட்டபயன்ப ற .
e) Or, otherwiseஆ யைவ ப் பம் மற் ம் ெதரி கைள
(choice)ெவளிப் ப த்தபயன்ப ற .
f) Additional Linkers: although, as soon as, as long as, when, while if unless, inspite of.

Exercises

1. Everything falls to the ground _______ earth’s gravitational pull.

a. in addition to b. because of c. cause of
2. The trial was conducted ___________ the procedure of law.
a. in accordance with b. due to c. despite of
3. There is a temple right ________ my house.
a. in back of b. apart from c. in front of
4. As a ________ of his hard work, he achieved the target.
a. instead of b. result of c. apart from
5. Failure is often the __________ negligence.
a. effect of b. consequence of c. reason of
6. Children are given toys ____________ sweets on Children’s Day.
a. on top of b. in addition to c. due to
7. The parents must be informed ___________ any indiscipline conduct of their wards.
a. because of b. in case of c. in spite of
8. He didn’t turn up ____________ his busy schedule.
a. consequence of b. due to c. except for
9. Global warming is ______________ the green house emission.
a. an effect of b. in spite of c. in addition to
10. ______________ several warnings, he continued to swim.
a. due to b. in spite of c. because of

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES GIVEN BELOW CHOOSING THE RIGHT CONNECTORS

GIVEN IN BRACKETS.
1. Call me in case you need money. (so that, in order that, in case)
2. I forgot that I had to meet the principal. (whether, that, if)
3. Though he is ninety years old, he is in the pink of health. (When, since, though)
4. It is raining, take an umbrella or else you will get drenched. (or else, and, but)
5. They faced many hardships although they are always cheerful. (although,
nevertheless, otherwise)
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4. If you had worked(work) hard, you would have won the relay match
5. Joanna and Joy had already left (leave) for Ooty, when the others reached the station.
6. We all sang (sing) in the choir last week.
FUTURE TENSE
C. FILL IN THE BLANKS USING THE VERBS IN THE BRACKETS IN THE FUTURE FORM.
1. We shall not go to the market, in case it rains. (go)
2. Keerthi will be doing his work by next week. (do)
3. The peon will have rung the bell by the time I reach the school. (ring)
4. I will visit my sister's house next April if I go to Uttarakhand. (visit)
5. If you listen carefully, you will understand my point. (understand)
6. By next year, I shall have been living in Chennai for fifteen years. (live)
7. The new edition of this book will come out shortly. (come)
8. She hopes you will help her. (help)

PTA&PUBLIC-QUESTIONS
1. After he had finished his lunch, he went across to the window.
2. The governor was pleased at the wit of the youth.
3. The medal had been hidden in the attic for twenty-nine long years.
4. The Moon revolves around the Earth.
5. He was elected to the American Academy of arts and letters.
6. We were cooking in the kitchen when the doorbell rang.
7. The poem talks about the multifaceted nature of women.
8. If he had informed her, she would have waited for him.
9. If I were a millionaire I would help the needy.

EXERCISE
1. Sheeba_______________ (move) to a new house next week.
2. It ___________________(rain) outside now.
3. I ____________________ (go) to her place on foot everyday.
4. We all _______________ (sing) in the choir last week.
5. She _________________ (leave) this evening.
6. James Grover Thurber _______________ (work) as a cartoonist during his time.
7. Sumithra __________________ (learn) English nowadays.
8. They __________________ (paint) the room just now.
9. We ___________________ (sing) since morning.
10. He __________________ (request) the manager for a week leave before I
reached the office.
ANSWER:
1. Is moving 2. Is raining 3. Go 4. Sang 5. Is leaving 6. Was working 7. Is learning
8. Have painted 9. Have been singing 10. Had requested
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 [Link].: 13. TENSE FORMS

TENSE SIMPLE CONTNUOUS PERFECT PERFECT continuous

Present Subject + verb Subject+ has/have+ Subject + has / have Subject + has / have +
past participle + past participle been + present participle

She Sings She has sung She has sung She has been singing

Past Subject + verb Subject + ’be’ verb Subject + Had + past Subject + had + been +
(Past tense) + Participle present participle
Present participle
She sang She was singing She Had sung She had been singing

Future Subject+ Sub + will be / shall Sub + will have/ Sub + will have been /
will/shall+ be + present Shall have + past shall have been +
simple from of participle participle present participle
the main verb.
she will sing She will be singing She will have sung She will have been
singing

PRESENT TENSE
A. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES IN PRESENT TENSE FORMS.
1. Saravanan always goes (go) for a walk in the morning.
2. We have gathered (gather) here for a meeting and the chair person is yet to arrive.
3. Aruna has been eagerly waiting (wait) to meet her friend since morning.
4. Sheeba is moving (move) to a new house next week.
[Link] attends (attend) music classes regularly.
[Link] and Adhira enjoy (enjoy) each other's company very much.
7. Mani has been working (work) in this school for five years.
8. It is pouring (pour) outside now.

PAST TENSE

B. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES IN PAST TENSE FORMS.

1. I went (go) to her place on foot.
2. The children were playing (play) in the ground when the teacher arrived.
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3. They were requesting (request) him when the manager arrived.

 9. Foot + Ball - Foot ball
10. Play + Back - Play back
11. Rain + Fall - Rainfall
12. Mal + nutrition - Malnutrition

[Link].: 12. PREPOSITION

ஒ வா ய இர ெசா க இைடேயஉ ளெதாட ைப ப preposition.
Preposition Specify place, direction and time. Preposition வைக ப அைவ
a. Preposition of time
(eg) – in, at, on, for, during, after, from
b. Preposition of place
(eg) – in, on, at, by
c. Preposition of direction
(eg) – about, over, right, left, under

Simple preposition: in, on, at, for, out, to, till, with, by, from, of,through, up
1. He returned from maldives yesterday.
2. Miranda and Prospero live in a cave.
3. Indianapolis were expected home at anytime.
4. Mulan will do her best for china.
5. The ghost got into house in the right.
6. The young seagull was sitting on the ledge.
7. The name of Nagen’s Tea shop was written on a signboard over the shop
8. Kim introduce me to dragon dictate during my school days.
9. I will use the content after getting permission on the ledge.
[Link] knows about [Link] Kalam.

1. I was born on 25th October 2001.

2. My mother returned from Trichy.
3. The book is on the table.
4. The chief guest spoke about women’s empowerment.
5. The bird flies above the school building.
6. Everyone talks about this across the country.
7. Let’s go out for dinner after the movie.
8. The politician spoke against Gandhian philosophy.
9. The book fell off the table.
[Link] man walked along the road.
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 [Link].: 10. PHRASAL VERB (VERB + PREPOSITION)
சாதாரணverb உட ஒ prepositionையேச தா அ தverb ேவ ெபா ெகா அ வைகverb க
phrasal verbஆ .
1. Get along with = to be friendly / cope 6. Shut down = Close
2. Workout = Exercise 7. Look after = take care
3. Take off = Depart 8. Burn off = reduce
4. Warm up = To prepare 9. Keep up = maintain
5. Lose out = Disadvantage . 10. Deal with = Handle

PTA&PUBLIC-QUESTIONS
Fill in the blanks with phrasal verb
1. The crew ran out of water and food before their expedition.
2. There will be shut down in the office next week.
3. It help to burn off the calories.
4. The airhostess instructed the passengers to wear the seat belts during the
take off.
5. Doing warm up every day in the morning keeps one healthy.
6. Venkat felt happy to get along with the neighbours.
7. The mother instucted the maid to look after the child.
[Link].: [Link] WORD
இர வா ைதக இைண தெசா compound word.
அ வா இைண தெசா க த த ேயஅ த ெகா தா இர இைண ேபா ேவ ஒ ெபா
த .

*உதாரண Radio + Station

1. Income + Tax - Income tax
2. Traffic + Jam - Traffic jam
3. Hair + Cut - Hair cut
4. Walking + Stick - Walking stick
5. Over + coat - Overcost
6. Dry + Cleaning - Dry cleaning
7. Wall + Clock - Wall clock
7

8. Home + sick - Home sick

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 SINGULAR / PLURAL
ய
‘UM’ என singular வா ைத அ த‘um’ ஐ ‘a’ எனமா எ த .
Datum - Data
‘is’என singular வா ைத அ த‘is’ ஐ ‘es’ எனமா எ த .
Analysis – analyses
‘a’ singular வா ைத அ த‘a’ ஐ ‘ae’ எனமா எ த .
Alga - algae
‘us’என singular வா ைத அ த‘us’ ஐ ‘i’ எனமா எ த .
Cactus - cacti
‘oo’எனsingular வா ைத வ தா அ த‘oo’ ஐ அத ப ‘ee’ எனமா எ த .
Tooth - Teeth
‘ex’ singular வா ைத அ த‘ex’ ப லாக‘ices’ எனமா எ த .
Index – Indices
f‘fe’ singular வா ைத அ தf‘fe’ ஐ ‘ves’ எனமா எ த .
Knife – Knives, Leaf – Leaves
ேம க ட க அைன irregularplural ம ேம, ம pluralக noun உட ‘s’ அ ல ‘es’
ம ேமேச கேவ .

[Link].: 8. PREFIX SUFFIX

(Un, II, Em, Dis, In, Mal, Super, Cicrum,En) (ly, ance, ness, able, ship, ion, ment, al )
1. Deed = Indeed 1. Appoint = Appointment
2. Popular = Unpopular 2. Apper = Appearance
3. Pow = Empower 3. Plaintive = Plaintively
4. Navigate = circumnnavigate 4. Gradual = Gradually
5. Counter = Encounter 5. Accomplish = Accomplishment
6. Nutrition = Malnutrition 6. Friend = Friendship
7. Literate = Illiterate 7. Compare = Comparable
8. Natura = Supernatural 8. Dark = Darkness
9. Qualification = Disqualification 9. Hysteric = Hysterical
. 10. Controlled = Uncontrolled . 10. Exhibit = Exhibition

[Link].: 9 ABBREVIATION/ACRONYMS

1. CCTV = Closed circuit Television 7. GCSE = General Certificate of

2. GPS = Global Positioning System Secondary Education
3. AR = Augmented Reality 8. SIM = Subscriber Identity Model
4. IQ = Intelligence Quotient 9. SBI = State Bank Of India
5. KG = Kilogram [Link] = Augmentative And
[Link] = India Meteorological Alternative Communication
[Link] = International Monetary
Department
Fund
[Link] = Indian Naval Ship Vessal
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 [Link]: 4 TO 6ANTONYMS

1. Contagious X Non-contagious 23. Tremendous X tiny

2. Appear X Diappear 24. Potential X incapability
3. Persuade X Dissuade 25. Bifurcated X merged
4. Timidly X Bravely 26. Dilated Xcontracted/shrunk
5. Justice X Injustice 27. Ascertained X disproved
6. ComparableX Incomparable 28. Affluent Xpoor, impoverished
7. Demand X Supply 29. Acute X moderate
8. Locate XMisplace / dislocate 30. Essential Xunimportant,
9. Mockingly X respectfully inessential
10. Repulsion X attraction 31. Chirping x alarming
11. Starve X well fed 32. Ancient X modern
12. Courage x cowardice/timidity 33. Arrive X depart
13. Desperate X hopeful 34. Brave X cowardly
14. Exhausted X energized 35. Gloomy X cheerful
15. Praising X scolding 36. Individual X group
16. Hullabaloo X silence 37. Conceal X reveal
17. Advent X departure 38. Inferior X superior
18. Suspected X trusted 39. Unison X conflict, discord
19. Despondent X hopeful 40. Reproach X honor
20. Gripped X released 41. Choked X unblocked
21. Antique X new, modern 42. Quiet X noisy
22. Hidden X revealed, exposed 43. Illness Xwellness
44. Deadly X harmless/safe
45. Heaven X hell
46. Plead X command
47. Persuade X dissuade/prevent
48. frail X strong/robust

[Link] 7 SINGULAR & PLURAL FORM

1. Box - Boxes 9. Stationery - Stationery

2. Deer - Deer 10. Gentleman - Gentlemen
3. Radius - Radii 11. Mouthful - Mouthfuls
4. Child - Children 12. Voyage - voyages
5. Loaf - loaves 13. Grocery - Groceries
6. Spectacles - Spectacles 14. Vegetable -Vegetables
7. Knife - Knives 15. Wood - Wood
8. Teeth - Tooth
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 PART – 1 (14x 1=14)
[Link]: 1 TO 3 SYNONYMS

1. Devour - To eat eagerly [Link] - Confirmed

2. Swoop - To move quickly [Link] - to stare
3. Indegenously - innately [Link] - enclosed by
4. Gnaw - chew/ to bite [Link] - To fight
5. Whet - to sharpen [Link] - noisy, commotion
6. Preening - cleaning [Link] - simultaneous,
7. Trot - jog relevant
8. Plaintively - sadly [Link] - striking
9. Gruffly - sadly [Link] - strange
[Link] - loud noise [Link] - lean
[Link] - shutting [Link] - give short,
[Link] - reduced suddenjerk
[Link] - pulled [Link] - moan
[Link] - journey/voyage [Link] - restlessness
[Link] - restoration [Link] - weak and delicate
[Link] - anxious [Link] - felt sudden shock
[Link] - to forsee/ to [Link] - fight
expect [Link] - effort
[Link] - Instinctively [Link] - Attainment
[Link] - Profess [Link] - Strenuous /
[Link] - To be a master dispute
[Link] - divided into two [Link] - narrow shelf
[Link] - bring back [Link] - loft/space under
[Link] - wealthy the roof
[Link] - upset/tensed [Link] - widened
[Link] - Declared [Link] - feel calm
[Link] - striking
[Link] - broken
[Link] - undisturbed
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MATERIAL PREPARED BY SCHOOL NAME
F. SULTAN BARVIN BANU - GGHSS, ASHOK NAGAR, CHENNAI
P. PRATHIBA - GGHSS, ASHOK NAGAR, CHENNAI
MARY CHRISTY ANDREW - ST. ANNE’S GIRLS HR SEC SCHOOL,CHENNAI
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CHIEF EDUCATIONAL OFFICER
CHENNAI DISTRICT

10th Std
ENGLISH

Learning Material
2024 - 2025