PMDAS
Rule: Simplify those in parenthesis first the perform multiplication, division, addition and lastly
subtraction.
( 15430.04 x 0.052 )−600
Ex . 1. =115.2551
0.00705+ 6208÷ ( 3550.015 )
( 3165 x 5.35 )−0.0002643
2. =1.8709
9050+0.0051÷ ( 0.46 x 0.06708 )
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
All non-zero digits are significant.
Ex. numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9
Zeros in between non-zero digits are significant
Ex. 105 – 3 20008 – 5
Zeros to the right of a non-zero digits in unexpressed decimal point are not significant
Ex. 200 - 1
Zeros at the right of a non-zero digit in an express decimal point are significant.
Ex. 200.00 = 5
Zeros at left of a non-zero digit but to the right of a decimal point are not significant.
Ex. 0.0000001 – 1
Rounding Off
When the number to be rounded off is less than 5 change that number to zero “0” to
retain the preceding number.
Ex. 12.34 – 12
When the number to be rounded off is greater than or equivalent to 5 change that number
to zero “0” and add one to the preceding number.
Ex. 98.76 – 99
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
It simplifies the writing, reading and computation of very large and small number thereby
decreasing the risk of errors.
Exponential
Uses the power of ten
Writing as: N=ax 10 b
Where:
N = any given number
a = number having single non-zero digit to the left of a decimal point and two
decimal places.
RULES IN SIGNIFICANT NUMBER IN SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
a. Determine “a” – by shifting the decimal point of the original number to the left or right,
until one digit is to the left of it.
b. Determine “b” – by counting the number of decimal places the point has moved, if it has
been to the left “b” is positive if to the right “b” is negative.
Ex. 123456 – 1.23 x 105 left - +
0.0009876 9.88 x 10-4 right - -
PREFIXES
21
Zetta x 10 Zepto x 10-21
Exa x 1018 Atto x 10-18
Peta x 1015 Femto x 10-15
Tera x 1012 Meter/Gram/Liter/Pascal Pico x 10
-12
Giga x 109 x 100 Nano x 10-9
Mega x 106 Micro x 10-6
Kilo x 103 Milli x 10-3
Hecto x 102 Centi x 10-2
Deca x 101 Deci x 10-1
1m = 100 cm 1 kg = 2.2 lb
1m = 3.28 ft 1 hr = 60 min
1in = 2.54 cm 1 min = 60 sec
1ft = 12 in 1 mL = 1 cc
1 yd = 3 ft 1L = 1000 ml
1 mi = 5280 ft 1 kips = 1000 lbs
1 mi = 1.609 km
1 km = 0.62 mi
100 212
o o
C F
0 32
9
° F= ° C +32
5
5
° C= ( ° F−32 )
9
100−0 212−32 100 180
= , =
C−0 F−32 C F−32
100 C 5 C
= , =
180 F−32 9 F−32
K = 273 + oC
R = 460 + oF
Example 1:
1. 40 km/hr ft/sec =
40 km 1000 m 3.28 ft 1 hr
x x x =36 . 44 ft /s
hr 1 km 1m 3600 s
2. 500g lbs
1 kg 2.2lbs
500 g x x =1 . 1lbs
1000 g 1 kg
3. 5 ft 5 in m
1 ft
5∈ x
12∈¿=0.42 ft ¿
1m
5.42 ft x =1 . 65 m
3.28 ft
4. 4000 mi → km
1 km
4000 mi x =6 , 451 . 61km
0.62mi
1.609 km
4000 mi x =6 , 436 km
1 mi
5280 ft 1m 1 km
4000 mi x x x =6 , 439 .02 km
1mi 3.28 ft 1000 m
5. 1 metric ton to kilograms
1,000 kg
1 metric ton x =1000 kg
1 metric ton
Name:
Course/Year/Section:
A. Count the number of significant figures and place the answer before the number and
transform the following to Scientific Notation
1. 0.000567 –
2. 6705001 –
3. 0.00090350 –
4. 84.650 –
5. 0.01425001 –
B. Perform the following operations. Final answer should be in scientific notation.
1. 0.03451 x 250 – 670.8 =
705 + 96.20 (0.35 x 0.00065)
2. (15430.0 4x 0.052) – 600 =
0.00705 + 6208 (3550 x 0.00015)
3. (3165 x 5.35) – 0.0002643 =
905000 + 0.0051 (0.46 x 0.0006708)
C. Convert the following.
1. 78.8 in to m
2. 1.53 m to ft
3. 1.8 lbs to kg
4. 9500 mg to kg
5. 4520 cm/s to ft/s
6. 2.4g to cg
7. 45.2 oC to oF
8. 77 oF to C
9. 20 mi/hr to m/s
10. 1120 oF to oK
11. 97.75 oK to C
12. -1 oC to K
13. 87.9 oF to C
14. 101.97 ft/sec to m/hr
15. 5oF to R
