8

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 3
Triangle Congruence
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 3: Triangle Congruence

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Angelito Mara Bulala, MAED-MATH

Ethel Bernadas Canda, MAT-MATH

Editors: Julius Jotojot Igot, EdD

Kenneth Regene Barbarona Blasco, MAEM

Management Team: Bianito A. Dagatan EdD, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

Casiana P. Caberte PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Felix C. Galacio Jr. PhD

EPS, Mathematics

Josephine D. Eronico PhD

EPS, LRMDS

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Learning Competencies: Illustrates triangle congruence (M8GE-IIId-1).

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
 list down the corresponding parts of congruent triangles;
 identify the congruent triangles wherein the congruent corresponding parts are given and vice
versa and
 identify the properties of congruence.

LESSON 1: Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles

What is it
Two triangles are congruent if their vertices can be paired so that corresponding sides are
congruent and corresponding angles are congruent. These triangles have the same size. That is, they
exactly overlap each other.
Let us take a look at the two triangles at the right.
The congruent parts are marked identically.

ΔABC ≅ ΔDEF Read as "triangle ABC is congruent to

≅ symbol for congruency

triangle DEF."

Δ symbol for triangle.

ΔABC and ΔDEF are congruent since their corresponding parts are congruent. These corresponding parts
are shown in the table.

Vertices Angles Sides

A≅ D ∠ A≅∠D AC ≅ DF

B≅ E ∠ B≅ ∠ E BA ≅ ED

C≅ F ∠C ≅ ∠F BC ≅ EF

What’s More

List down the corresponding parts of the given

congruent triangles at right by completing the table.
Vertices Angles Sides
Y ≅V 1. 2.
3. ∠ VTU ≅ ∠YXW 4.
LESSON 2: Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles

What is it
If and only if the vertices of the two triangles can be paired so that corresponding sides are
congruent and corresponding angles are congruent, then the triangles are congruent.
Consider the examples below:

1. Listed below are the six pairs of corresponding parts of two congruent triangles. Name the two

∠A ≅ ∠B, ∠C ≅ ∠D, ∠E ≅ ∠F, A C ≅ BD , CE ≅ DF , AE ≅ BF

congruent triangles.

The two congruent triangles are because vertex A is paired to vertex B, vertex C is paired to vertex
ΔACE and ΔBDF D, and vertex E is paired to vertex F.
It implies that their corresponding angles and sides are congruent.
2. Write down the six pairs of congruent corresponding parts of ΔABC and ΔXYZ without drawing the
triangles.
Solution:

∠A ≅ ∠X, ∠B ≅ ∠Y, ∠C ≅ ∠Z
Congruent corresponding angles

A B≅ XY , BC ≅ Y Z , AC ≅ XZ
Congruent corresponding sides

What’s More

MA ≅ KF , AX ≅ FC , MX ≅ KC ; ∠M ≅ ∠K, ∠A ≅ ∠F, ∠X ≅ ∠C?

A. Given are the six pairs of congruent parts of two congruent triangles. Name the triangles.

B. Write down the six pairs of congruent corresponding parts of ΔKLM and ΔNOP without drawing the
triangles.

LESSON 3: Properties of Congruent Triangles

What is it

The congruence of triangles is an equivalence relation. Since congruence of triangles is defined in

terms of the congruences of the three pairs of corresponding sides and the three pairs of corresponding
angles, then congruence of triangles is also an equivalence relation. It tells that the congruence of
triangles satisfies the following properties:

Reflexive Property AB ≅ AB; ∠ C ≅ ∠ C

Symmetric Property If AB ≅ DE , then DE ≅ AB
If ∠ A ≅ ∠ B, then ∠ B ≅ ∠ A .
Transitive Property If AB ≅ DE and DE ≅ GH , then AB ≅ GH .
If ∠ A ≅ ∠ B and ∠ B ≅ ∠ C , then ∠ A ≅
∠ C.

What’s More

A. Use the property stated to complete each statement.

Example: Reflexive Property: JK ≅ JK

1. Symmetric Property: If ∠ P ≅ ∠ Q , then ___________________________.

2. Transitive Property: If HT ≅ GP and GP ≅ AD , then __________________.
3. Reflexive Property: __________ ≅ ∠ XYZ .

B. State the property that each statement illustrates.

Example: TRANSITIVE PROPERTY; If AB = CD, CD = EF, then AB = EF.

______________________________2. If m ∠ C = 90° and m ∠D ≅ m ∠ C, then m ∠D = 90O.

______________________________1. If AB = CD, then CD = AB.
 Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the answer
sheet provided.

1. In the figure ∆ POG ≅ ∆ SOR , what is the side corresponding to PO ?

a. OS
b. RO
c. RS
d. SO

2. Listed below are the six pairs of corresponding parts of congruent triangles. What are the congruent
triangles?
SA ≅ JO ∠S≅∠J
AD ≅ OY ∠ A ≅ ∠O
SD≅ JY ∠ D ≅ ∠Y

a. ∆ ASD ≅ ∆ JOY b. ∆ ADS ≅ ∆ YJO c. ∆ SAD ≅ ∆ JOY d. ∆ SAD ≅ ∆ JYO

3. What property of congruence illustrated in the statement? If AB≅ DE and EF ≅ DE , then AB≅ EF .
a. Symmetric c. Reflexive
b. Transitive d. Multiplication

4. If ∆ ABC ≅ ∆≝¿ , which segment is congruent to AB:

a. BC b. AC c. DE d. EB

5. If ∆ ∑ ≅ ∆ PRO , which angle is congruent to ∠ M ?

a. ∠ S b. ∠ P c. ∠ R d. ∠ O

6. If ∆ SAD ≅ ∆ JOY , then ∆ JYO is congruent to _____ .

a. ∆ SDA b. ∆ DAS c. ∆ ADS d. ∆ ASD

7. ∆ GIV ≅ ∆ SAV deduce a statement about V.

a. V is in the interior of ∆ GIV .

b. V is in the exterior of ∆ GIV .

c. V is in the midpoint of GS

d. V is collinear with G and I.

8. If ΔMEL ≅ ΔJAY and ΔJAY ≅ ΔSON, then what triangle is congruent to ΔSON?

a. ΔJAY b. ΔMEL c. ΔLEM d. ΔAJY

9. If two triangles are congruent, then how many congruences can be formed from them?

a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7

10. ΔABC ≅ ΔXYZ, which segment is congruent to AB?

a. BC b. AC c. XY d. YZ
 Answer Sheet

Name: __________________________________________________________
Grade & Section: ________________ Score: _______

Quarter 3 – Module 3

Lesson 1
What’s More
1.

2.

3.

4.

Lesson 2
What’s More
A.

B.

Lesson 3 Assessment
What’s More 1.
A. 2.
1. 3.
4.
2. 5.
6.
3. 7.
B. 8.
1. 9.
10.
2.
 Answer Key

Quarter 3 - Module 3

Lesson 1

What’s More

1. ∠ Y ≅ ∠ V or ∠ XYW ≅ ∠ TVU
2. YW ≅ VT
3. ∠ T ≅ ∠ X or ∠ VTU ≅ ∠YXW
4. TU ≅ XW

Lesson 2

What’s More

A. ∆ MAX≅ ∆ KFC
B. ∆ KLM≅ ∆ NOP
CONGRUENT ANGLES CONGRUENT SIDES
∠K ≅∠N KL≅ NO
∠ L ≅ ∠O LM ≅ OP
∠M≅ ∠P KM ≅ NP

Lesson 3 Assessment

What’s More 1. D 6. A

A. 1. ∠ Q ≅ ∠ P 2. C 7. C
2. HT ≅ AD 3. B 8. B
3. ∠ XYZ 4. C 9. C
B. 1. SYMMETRIC 5. D 10. C
2. TRANSITIVE

References

Dilao, Soledad J. and Julieta G Bernabe. 2009. Geometry. Revised Edition. Quezon City: SD Publications,
Incorporated.

2013. Mathematics-Grade 8 Learner's Module. Pasig City: Department of Education.