Acids , Bases & salts - Practice Questions
1 A student takes three beakers A, B, and C filled with aqueous solution of glucose,
alcohol and hydrochloric acid respectively as shown in the following figure:
(i) state your observation in terms of the glowing of bulb when the switch is on.
(ii) Justify your observations by giving a reason in each case.
(iii) Mention the change noticed with appropriate reason if the content of beaker ‘B’ is
replaced by sodium hydroxide solution.
2 Two test tubes A and B are taken containing solid sodium carbonate and sodium
hydrogen carbonate respectively. Some dilute HCl is poured in both the test tubes.
(i) Name the main products formed with their chemical formula in A and B. NaCl and CO2
(ii) State the similarity between both the activities. Both have similar products
(iii) Name the compound that is formed when electricity is passed through an aqueous
solution of the main product obtained in the above- mentioned activity.
(iv) State your observation with a balanced chemical equation when the gas evolved in
test tube B during the activity passes through lime water.
3 A few crystals of copper-sulphate are heated in a dry boiling tube:
(a) What is the colour before and after heating?
(b) What is the reason for the colour change?
(c) Can its original colour be restored? How?
4 (a) Giving reason for each, state which of the following will conduct electricity and
which will not.
(i) A solution of glucose (ii) Dilute Hydrochloric acid.
(b) If acetic acid and hydrochloric acid of same concentration are taken, which of the
two is a stronger acid and why?
(c) How is the strength of an acid affected when some water is added to it?
5 (a) A Salt is produced by the reaction between an acid and a base. Identify the acid and
the base from which the following salts have been formed: (i) Na2SO4 (ii) NH4Cl (iii)
KNO3 (iv) NaCl. i) H,NaOH
(b) Which of the above salts has a pH less than 7? Why? NH4Cl as it is an acidic salt
6 (a) Acids as well as bases ionize in water. Name the ions produced by each in water.
(b) If we have hydrochloric acid and acetic acid of equal concentration, which will be a
stronger acid and why?
(c) How will the concentration of hydrogen ions affect if an acid is diluted? decrease
7 (i) Write the chemical formula of each of the following: (a) Plaster of Paris (b) Gypsum.
(ii) How can Plaster of Paris be converted into gypsum?
(iii) List two uses of plaster of Paris.
8 (a) Rahul has been stung by a honeybee and is in great pain. What could be the reason
for this burning pain? State the type of chemical compound that can be applied on the
affected area to give relief to Rahul?
(b) Write the name and formula of each of the following:
(i) an acidic salt (ii) a basic salt (iii) a neutral salt.
9 (a) You have three solutions - A, B, and C having a pH of 6, 2 and 9 respectively. Arrange
these solutions in increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration. Which of the three is
most acidic? What happens to the hydrogen ion concentration in A as it is diluted?
(b) If someone is suffering from a stomach problem called acidity, why is a solution of
baking soda offered as a remedy?
(c) Write chemical name and formula of baking soda.
10 A compound ‘X’ is bitter to taste. It is a compound of washing powder and reacts with
dilute HCl to produce brisk effervescence due to a colourless and odourless gas ‘Y’
which turns lime water milky due to the formation of ‘Z’ when excess of CO2 is passed,
milkiness disappears due to formation of ‘P’. Identify ‘X’, ‘Y’, ‘Z’ and ‘P’. Write the
equations involved in the formation of Y, Z and P.
11 Compound P forms the enamel of teeth. It is the hardest substance of the body. It
doesn’t dissolve in water but gets corroded when the pH is lowered below 5.5.
(a) Identify the compound P
(b) How does it undergo damage due to eating chocolate and sweets? What should we
do to prevent tooth decay?
12 (a) You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water
and the other two contains an acidic solution and a base solution respectively. If you
have only red litmus paper how will you identify the contents of each test tube?
(b) List two differences between an acid and a base on the basis of their chemical
properties.
13 For making cake, baking powder is taken. If at home your mother uses baking soda
instead of baking powder in cake, then how will it affect the taste of cake and why?
How can baking soda be converted into baking powder? Write the reaction which takes
place when baking powder is heated.
14 Salt “A” is commonly used in bakery products. On heating the salt “A” gets converted
into another salt “B” which itself is used for removal of hardness of water and a gas “C”
is evolved. The gas “C” when passed through lime water turns it milky. Identify “A”, “B”
and “C”. Give chemical equations for the reaction involved.
15 A solution of the substance ‘ X ‘ is used for testing carbon dioxide. Identify ‘X‘. What will
be its reaction with carbon dioxide? Write balanced equation for the reaction?
16 (a) What are olfactory indicators? Give an example.
(b) Name two naturally occurring acids and mention their source.
(c) Zinc reacts with HCl and NaOH both to produce H2 gas. Write balanced equation for
both reactions.
17 Give reasons:
(a) Acid must be added to water and not vice versa during dilution. Con. Acid exotehrmic reaction burns
(b) Solution of sulphuric acid conducts electricity whereas alcohol does not.
(c) Cakes rise on adding baking powder.
(d) Dry ammonia gas has no action on litmus paper but a solution of ammonia in water
turns red litmus paper [Link] of ammonia in water produces OH- ions which makes the
solution basic and turns red litmus Blue.
(e) Tartaric acid is an ingredient of baking powder.
18 A metal is treated with dilute sulphuric acid. The gas evolved is collected by a method
as shown in the figure.
Answer the following questions:
(a) Name the gas. Hydrogen
(b) Is the gas soluble or insoluble in water? Insoluble in Water
(c) Is the gas lighter or heavier than air? Lighter
Justify your answer with reason in each case.
19 What is chlor alkali process? Write the chemical reaction taking place in the form of a
balanced chemical equation. Name the gases liberated at the cathode and anode.
20 (a) A liquid has a pH less than 7 which represents an acidic solution. (i) State the nature
of solution, if its pH increases from 7 to 14. (ii) Mention the ion whose concentration
increases with the increase in pH value. (iii) Suggest a method that is generally used for
measuring pH value.
(b) Give reason for the following: (i) Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth is
lower than 5.5. (ii) Antacids are used for treatment of indigestion.
