BULE HORA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF INFORMATICS

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

COURSE TITLE: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

PROJECT TITLE:E-LEARNING FOR BULE HORA UNIVERSITY

GROUP MEMBERS

NAME ID NO

1. KAMIL AHMEDIN…………………..RU 11 72/12

2. KENO TAFESE……………………...RU 06 44/12

BULE HORA, ETHIOPIA

APRIL 22/04/2021
Acknowledgment

First of all we would like to thank almighty God who helped us through preparation of this
documentation.

Next we would like to thank our instructor Nugussu Bitew gives this project to try our best
because this project helps us to know many things in practical in addition to the lesson given in
the class. Moreover, we also thank the staff member of the Bule Hora University Instructors who
gives all the necessary information that we need to implement the project.

Abstract

The development and advancement of computer technology makes computers to be a part of

everyday human life activities. Education is an area where the human is involved in a day to day
activity of his life.

E-learning is the computer and network-enabled transfer of skills and knowledge. E-learning
applications and processes include Web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual
education opportunities and digital collaboration. Content is delivered via the Internet,
intranet/extranet, audio or video tape, satellite TV, and CD-ROM. It can be self-paced or
instructor-led and includes media in the form of text, image, animation, streaming video and
audio. Our project contents are Introduction, Background, Statement of the problem, Objective
of the project, Feasibility Analysis, Methodology, System Requirement Specifications (SRS)
To develop the system different software, hardware tools and programming language are very
important.

Hardware tools such as computer (laptop), flash disk, network cable and CD, software tool such
as Net beans, Microsoft office word and PowerPoint and programming language. It has
established the assessment based learning theory along with the collaborative based to be
applicable for the distance education in Ethiopia. This technology choice has enabled the work to
have portability, extendibility and security.

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Abbreviation and accronyms Definition

E-learning…………………………… Electronic Learning

ICT……………………………………Information Communication Technology

BHU………………………………….Bule Hora University

CDE…………………………………. Continuing Distance Education

OOA…………………………………..Object Oriented Analysis

HTML………………………………. Hypertext Markup Language

PHP…………………………………. Hypertext Pre-Processor

CD…………………………………… Compact Disc

UML…………………………………Unified Modeling Language

CEP………………………………….Continuous Education Program

BHUCDE……………………………Bule Hora University Continuing Distance Education

SRS…………………………………System Requirement Specification

GUI…………………………………….Graphical User Interface

ROM………………………………...Read Only Memory

HTTP……………………………….Hypertext Transfer Protocol

DVD………………………………..Digital Versatile Disk

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List of Figures page

Figure1: waterfall model………………………………………………………………...8

Figure2: Use case diagrams of the system……………………………………………...17
Figure3: Sequence diagram of View Grade…………………………………………….19
Figure 4:Activity diagrams for Registering Student……………………………………20
Fgure5:activity diagram of log in to the system………………………………………...21
Figure6:class diagram for e-learning system…………………………………………,,,,22
Figure7;stste diagram of checking result………………………………………………,,,23
Figure8: Class diagram of the E-BHUCDE system……………………………………...25
Figure 9: component diagram…………………………………………………………….26
Figure 10: deployment modeling…………………………………………………………27

List of Tables page

Table 1: Cost breakdown………………………………………………………………….10

Table 3: Description for View Information use case……………………………………….18

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E -learning for Bule Hora University
PHASE ONE

[Link]

The E-learning method is usable for every students in bule hora university but it is the most
important type of learning for distance education learners therefore our project mainly focus on
distance program students of Bule Hora [Link] E-learning project is intended to
develop a system which is a type of E-learning system model where a community of learners is
created and students learn with and from one another, collaboratively, and the instructor
structures the lecture topics, provides expertise. Hence, the main objective of this project is to
develop a web based e-learning application in order to facilitate and help improve the quality
education of Bule Hora University. This project consists of drawing out functional and non-
function requirements of the system and then we performed object oriented analysis and object
oriented design. The benefit of E-learning briefly as E-learning cannot replace teachers and
lecturers, but alongside existing methods it can enhance the quality and reach of their teaching,
and reduce the time spent on administration. It can enable every learner to achieve his or her
potential, and help to build an educational workforce empowered to change. It makes possible a
truly ambitious education system for a future learning society.

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1. 1 Background

Students and Bule Hora University is one of the higher educational institutions of Ethiopia. The
establishment of this University in Bule Hora is expected to contribute much to the ongoing
development of the country in general and of the region in particular.

Education can be formal or informal. Formal education is the one with hierarchically structured,
chronologically graded education system, running from Kindergarten up to university. The
informal education is truly an endless process whereby every one gains attitude, values, skills
and knowledge from daily experience in the environment. The formal education is a rapid and an
organized one, when compared with that of the informal education.
E-Learning: - is the delivery of a learning, training or education program by electronic means.E-
learning involves the use of a computer or electronic device (e.g. a mobile phone) in some way
to provide training, education or learning material.
E-learning is the computer and network-enabled transfer of skills and knowledge. E-learning
applications and processes include Web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual
education opportunities and digital collaboration.
Distance Learning Education: is education system where someone learns from distance at his/her
freetime. .
The distance learner gets necessary materials from his/her college or office coordinator
through post office or by going there physically. The modules, assignments, projects and other
assessments are sent to and submit from the distance learner through post office or by going to
office physically.
ICT of Bule Hora University deals a great effort for students to being users of internet access but
still know they don’t have pure E-learning system that applies by the student and instructors.

This ICT have a plan to develop and facilitate electronic learning that can be accessible by
distance instructors.

1.2 Statement of the problem

In todays manual system of Bule Hora University, there are various problems regarding on data
[Link] teaching and learning time, every instructor gives learning materials and others

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like assignments,projects,tests and exams by manual method and collect it back from the
students and stores in their office which makes it very lots amount of [Link] sorting
of data from those documents is verry difficult and tedious task for the instructors.

The other problem of this system is wastage of time. The wastage of time problem can be seen in
different forms as follows .

At the time of absence of the instructor :-Teachers may late or absent from the class by different
problems that face [Link] students still in the class and waiting for thir instructor when this
happen, the students are wasting their [Link] best alternative solution for this problem is the
instructor should attachs daily lessons on the E-learning and communicatin with students
wherever he is.

The second couse of wasting time is during the absence of students from the [Link] may
absent from the class becouse of many problems like health ilness or bad health conditions,
familly related broblems and poor time management sytems. Therefore they canot cover the
lesson missed properly.

The third time wastage reason is happen during class scheduling- Since the instructor teaches
many classes, the program may be clashes and overlaps to each other and time will pass without
any function.

The current learning system in Bule Hora is a manual based where everyone should
communicate with the instructor face to face in order to ask even for a simple questions and
difficulties. During regular classes teacher is restricted by time he/she has at his/her disposal. In
addition, he/she cannot dedicate himself/herself entirely to discussions with students.

However, the communication between the students and also the instructors of these institutions is
limited by the geographical locations of the universities. So that everybody is isolated and runs
its own means to have access to different academic knowledge and materials interaction and the
quality of education, a system can be developed to bridge the gap of communication between the
instructors and the students and also between the students themselves.
Present day, the internet becomes the first place where students can find out solutions for certain
problems and academic materials such as books, instructor manuals, research papers etc,

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however most of materials from the internet face lack of authenticity and this makes it difficult
to find relevant sources from the internet. Having a system that creates a common platform for
open discussions and learning environment would be helpful to realize the vision of the
university.

1.3 Proposed System

The proposed system which will provide a learning model where a community of learners is
created and students learn with and from one another, collaboratively, and the instructor
structures the lecture topics, provides expertise, and participates in the discussion and group
interaction.
The system will be composed of three modules:
• Accsess of learning materials
• Assignments and testts
In this section, we will discuss each module precisely to make it clear what is the design
principle employed to overcome the drawbacks of the existing system.
• Accsess of learning materials
This module provides the students with authentic academic recourses uploaded by the instructors
from all the universities, it deals with the feature that instructors can upload materials like Books,
tutorials and Multimedia resources which in turn can be searched and downloaded by the
students.

Assignments
Assignments module allows instructors to upload (post) Assignments. The students who are
taking that course will be notified; they can download and work with the assignments.

1.4 Objective of the Project

1.4.1 General Objective

The general objective of this project is to develop E- learning system for Bule Hora University.

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1.4 .2 Specific Objective

To achieve the general objective, we use the following specific objectives:

• To study the different characteristics of the E-learning system process.

• To make learning available anytime, anywhere
• To Study and analyze the existing system.
• Identifying the problem under the existing system
• Identifying the Alternatives solutions
• Select the best alternative solution
• System and Object design

1.5 Significance of the project

The importance of E-Learning education is that it is quick and does not require much cost. The long
training period, infrastructure, stationery, travel expenses, etc. is reduced. Effectiveness of the
transferred or imparted knowledge and learning is high and powerful. It makes information easy to
grasp and absorb.

1.7 Scope and Limitation of the project

In this section, we will discuss about the boundaries of this project in order to develop a system
for users in E-learning. The proposed project implements the manual existing system to
centralized and automated system for one specific office.

At the Office Coordinators:

• Store and manage the distance learner information and data.

• Prepared modules will be uploaded.

• Assignments, projects, and other assessments will be posted on the server.

• Schedule will be posted for distance learner.

• Tutorials, by video format will be uploaded for distance learner.

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 • Examination is online.

The Distance Learner:

• Access the modules and other reference needed by downloading.

• Submit the assignments and projects as well as other assessments through the available
site.

• Assessments will be online submission.

1.7.1 Limitation of the Project

• Registration system: - Our system doesn’t consider the payment during registration, 60
birr per credit, and they will pay manually by going to the finance office.

• Exam systems: - Our project cannot control the cheating during examination if the
individual is taking the exam at his home.

• Exam pattern: - Since our proposed system corrects the exam by itself. The pattern of
the exam should be in choices only. Therefore online exam pattern is limited to choice
pattern only.

1.8 Methodology

To accomplish this project the E-learning system requirement will follow methods, tools, models
and development of software life cycle techniques.

1.8.1 Data collection methodology

The methods used to gathering data in this project is by interview of students, employee and by
observing the day to day activity of the university community.

Although, there are a number of sources to collect data from, such as from students, instructors,
from the web, it was considered reasonable to select confidential data from official persons i.e.,
ICT and workers in the ICT, to increase the reliability of the data collected.

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The technique used for sampling was positive sampling. By taking the limitations of time and
cost into consideration. The sample was taken by interviewing the distance students as well as
the instructors who deliver the course.

Interview method was chosen for the following reasons:

• To deal with the limitation of the learning system

• Collection to know the tasks performed in the learning system.

• To know what all problems exist in the present system?

• Of relevant information needed to develop the system.

Another method used for data gathering was observation. Totally we spent more than twenty
hours for observation. The observation is made during the learning time of student, and asking
the students who attend distance and summer courses.

1.8.2 System development and analysis Methodology

System development methodology in software engineering is a framework that is used to

structure, plan, and control the process of developing an information system. There are a lot of
software development model nowadays. In this E-learning project we are used a software
development model called iterative incremental model.

This model is designed to help companies that use an incremental development methodology
often referred to as iterative development. The incremental methodology is an evolution of the
Waterfall model, where the Waterfall model is incrementally applied using the iterative
philosophy of prototyping. With incremental development the project is designed, implemented
and tested incrementally with a little more is added each time until the product is finished. It
involves both development and maintenance. The product is defined as finished when it satisfies
all of its requirements. The model is shows below

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Figure1: waterfall model

1.8.3 System testing Methodology

In developing this E-learning system we follow an object oriented analysis and design method.
Using Object Oriented Analysis and Design methods to develop real-time systems has the
potential to produce safer, more reliable and maintainable code. Instead of using functional
decomposition of the system, the OOA approach focuses on identifying objects and their
activities. Using the object -oriented approach, system analysts model information systems by
identifying a set of objects, along with their attributes and operations that manipulate the object
data.

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To develop the system different software, hardware tools and programming language are very
important. Hardware tools such as computer (laptop), flash disk, network cable and CD, software
tool such as Net beans, Microsoft office word and PowerPoint and programming language such
as HTML and JavaScript and Java Server Page (JSP) are used.

1.8.4 System development tools

[Link] Software Tools
• Microsoft Office Word:-It is very useful because it takes less time to write and format
the text, communicative effectively smart diagram and chart tools, quickly assemble
document. By looking its useful properties we use Microsoft office word to type our
project work to get all the above benefits of it.

• Power Point: - use to present the document in abstract forms. We use it to present our
presentation in short and brief way.

[Link] Hardware Tools

• Computer: - computer is a machine capable of doing many things. We use it to type on it
and install all software and programming language. All tasks are done on computer.

• Network Cable: - used to get the internet access by connecting internet line from internet
hub to computer for further read and search information from internet.

• Flash Disk and data cables: - used for the movement of data from one machine to
another.

1.9 Feasibility study

Feasibility study evaluates the operational, technical, schedule and economic aspects of the
proposed project or new system. Feasibility study is intended to be a preliminary review of the
facts to see if it is worthy of proceeding to the Analysis phase. Feasibility is the primary tool for
recommending whether to proceed to the next phase or abort the project. The objective of a
feasibility study is to find out if the project can be done and to suggest possible alternative
solutions.

Projects are initiated for two broad reasons:

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1. Problems that lend themselves to system solutions

2. Opportunities for improving through: (a) upgrading systems (b) altering systems (c) installing
new systems.

1.9.1 Economic Feasibility

Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness of a new
system. It is the first to be considered when we develop project. The BHU CDE economically
benefit from the system through, reducing the cost needed to duplicate, distribute and
transportation to those material to individuals and branches.

• Tangible benefits

• There is no cost for copy machines, printers and papers on examination

preparation.
• Problem that was occurring on exam paper correction is strictly avoided.
• There is no time wasted by instructors as previously wasted on correcting and
rechecking.
• There is no cost wastage for duplicators, invigilators and coordinators.
• Intangible benefits

• The University will be happy because there is no difficulties while

preparing examination and scheduling, and also, delivered from wastage of
money.
• The instructors will be happy because their time is saved by the system.
• Student gets satisfaction and freely working space from the system.
Table 1: Cost breakdown

Item Quantity Unit cost per Total cost(birr)

item(birr)
Printing 220 paper 2 440.00
Paper 1 mass 110 110.00
Pen 5 10 50.00

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 Mobile card 25 10 250.00
USB 2 300 600.00
Transport 200.00
Laptop 1 10000.00 10000.00
Total 11650

1.9.2 Operational Feasibility

Operational feasibility is a measure of well a proposed system solves the problems and takes
advantages of the opportunities identified during scope definition and how it satisfies the
requirements identified in the requirements analysis phase. It also requires the willingness of the
organization to support the new proposed system. Our project creates a good environment
towards the user of the system. It needs an input from everyone, especially how it affects, how or
what the organization does.

1. 9.3 Technical Feasibility

Technical feasibility is the measure of the practicality of a specific technical solution and the
availability of technical resources. In technical feasibility we should notify that our new system
can implement with current technology and also the user can simply use that technology.
The assessment is based on an outline design of system requirements, to determine whether the
office has the technical expertise to handle completion of the project.

Technical feasibility addresses three main things:

• Is the technology practical

• Do we currently passes the necessary technology

• The ability to do on the technologies

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1. 9.4 Behavioral/Political Feasibility

The user of the E-Learning Continuity and Distance Education system does not make steps to
lock, disrupt or change the intended project license agreement protects

1. 9.5 Schedule Feasibility

A project will fail if it takes too long to be completed before it is useful. Typically this means
estimating how long the system will take to develop, and if it can be completed in a given time
period using some methods like payback period. In time feasibility our project will be finished in
a proper time given to us.

PHASE TWO

DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM AND PROPOSED

SYSTEM

[Link] analysis

2.1 Existing system description

Currently the system for Bule Hora University Continuing and Distance Education use paper
based documentation or manual system approach to done the work.

Currently, the CDE of the University headed by the Director and Vice Director Comprises four
units namely: Material production and distribution Unit, Examination Unit, Registrar Unit and
Administrative Unit.

The Registrar unit registers the students and stores the information of students such as grade and
any other needed information according to the academy rule and regulation.

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The Administrative unit does the administration. Asks each department for Instructors/Tutors
and arrange makeup classes according to the schedule.

Material production and distribution unit duplicates modules, exams, and provides any other
needed material and distributes those materials. This unit takes the number of students from the
coordinator office and duplicates the materials according to the number of students or takes the
number of material to be produced and produce accord.

Instructors selected from each department conduct the makeup classes, exam, and correct the
exam, and make grade and sends to exam unit. The exam unit sends the grade to the registrar unit
and the registrar unit sends copy of the grade to the coordinator office. The coordinator office
shows the grade to the students.

2.1.1 User of the Existing System

The following are players or actors in the existing system:

1 Registrar: The listed below are shows the duties of the registrar:

• Registers the students

• Stores the information of the students such as grades and

• Any other needed information according to the academy rule and regulation.

2 Instructors: The task of the instructor is listed below:

• Conduct make up class

• Exam and correct the exam

• Make grade and sends grade to the exam unit

3 Administrator: The main duty of the administrator is listed as below:

• Control overall system

• Asks each department for Instructors/Tutors and

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 • Arrange makeup classes according to the schedule

4 Students: The duty of the students is listed as below:

• Registered to the department

• View information and resource

• Take exam

• View grade

2.1.2 Functions/activities in the existing system

The major activities of the existing system are registering student’s ,stores the information of
students such as grade and any other needed information according to the academy rule and
regulation. Asks each department for Instructors/Tutors and arrange makeup classes according to
the schedule. Duplicates modules, exams, and provides any other needed material and distributes
those materials for students. Conduct the makeup classes, exam, and correct the exam, and make
grade and shows the grade to the students.

Consequently for those activities there are a people who act with the Continuing and Distance
Education manual approach, registrar, Administrative unit, material production and distribution,
coordinator office, department and other CDE officer’s workers.

2.1.3 Forms and reports currently used in the existing system

Those tables that found below are forms and other documents in the existing system for Bule
Hora University Continuing and Distance Education. So reports generated for BHUCDE are
student module/course registration slip, grade report and etc.

2.1.4 structure of the organization existing systems

Those tables that found below are forms and other documents in the existing system for store
Bule Hora University Continuing and Distance Education.

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2.2 Proposed System

After careful observing the current manual system and identifying all the problems occurred
during over all activities of the existing system, the project team has decided to design automated
system for them. Since the automated system is fully flagged online at any time, it will solve the
problem and limitation of the current manual system of Bule Hora University Continuing and
Distance education.
The proposed system will use the major functionality of the existing system and able to advance
in accordance with speed, performance and efficiency with respect to current system

2.2.1 Description and the purpose of the Proposed System

A learning system based on formalised teaching but with the help of electronic resources is
known as E-learning. ... E-learning can also be termed as a network enabled transfer of skills
and knowledge, and the delivery of education is made to a large number of recipients at the
same or different times.

2.2.2 Data processing architecture of proposed system

An e-learning Platform typically has layers: Functional, Technical, and Infrastructural services.
Functional services are related to e-learning and domain-related services. Technical services
consist of a presentation layer, portal, web application framework, web layout management,
process layer, rules engine, business activity monitoring, search, document management, image
management, persistence, data access, auditing, logging, scheduling, caching, alert
management, configuration management, and exceptional handling. The integration layer will
have an API gateway that will provide integration, communications, service interaction,
message processing, web request processing, and file handling services. Data Services will be
related to reporting, business intelligence, backup, archiving, etc.

2.3 Requirement determination

2.3.1 Functional requirements

Functional requirement explains and describes the interaction between the system and the users
or in general with the environment. It describe user tasks that the system needs to support
The system consists of the following the functional requirements:

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 • Provision of Online Examination

• Provision Online course material with different media types

• Online grade reporting

• Provision of timely information/news

2.3.2 Non functional requirements

Non-Functional requirement explains and describes the user visible aspects of the system. The
following lists states the non functional requirements. Constraints on the services or functions
offered by the system such as timing constraints, constraints on the development process,
standards, etc.

• The system should be platform independent.

• The system should be extendable.

• The E-BHUCDE should have computers having typical capacity and processing speed.

• Our system handles error by showing the message” invalid input” when the user enters
the input wrong.

• The system should have a security privilege that secures the system. And also there
must be a physical security that secures (especially) the server computer. That means
the server computer is only allowed for the server admin.

• The end user computer should have medium processor and the server computer should
have large processor. It’s measured by its speed of processor.

• The system needs good environment.

• If the power is off (loss) our system use generator

1. Speed and performance:

• The system can function quickly to work the system.

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 • The system should be re initialized to its start state when there is a failure.

• The system give fast service and use minimal space

2. Availability:

• The probability that the system available for use at a given time.

• The system has a backup if there is a failure

3. Security: our system will use user validation during login to insure that the user is valid or
not.
4. Usability: - our system can easily be used and operated by any non-technical or technical user
as the system uses a GUI user inters face.
5. Backup and Recovery: When team member stand to develop a system they must have to use
a backup mechanism by using removable flash disks or CDs. Because the data might lose due to
computer viruses or power fluctuation

6. Help and support: - in our system there is help and support mechanism to the user of the
system to show the user how he/she will use our automated system.

2.4 System Requirement Specifications (SRS)

2.4.1 System Business Rule

The Bule Hora University Continuing and Distance Education have its own specific business
rule. These business rules have relationship with the Bule Hora University Finance Office.

The businesses rules are:

• To register to the academy the student should pay 60 birr per credit hour by going to
Bule Hora University Finance Office.

• The student cannot register if he/she hasn’t received the receipt from the finance office.

• The registration date stay for 1 week and the penalty stay for 7 days and the amount of
the penalty is accord the University rule and regulation.

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2.5 Essential Use case diagrams

Use case diagrams are diagrams that show and capture the functional requirement of the new
proposed system. Each use case diagram describes a behaviorally related sequence of transaction
in dialogue between the user and the system. It summarizes who uses your application or system,
and what they can do with it.[6] The following diagram depicts the use case model.
Our use case diagram has/uses four actors, these are:
• Administrators
• Tutor/Instructor
• Student
• Registrar

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Figure2: Use case diagrams of the system

2.5.1 Use case description

The descriptions briefly explain how the functionalities precede using natural language in a step
wise manner. Use case of every activity is stated below:

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Table 2: Description for View Information use case

Use case Name: View Information.

Participating Actors: Registrar, Student, Tutor and Administrator
Pre-condition: The user initiates the browser.
Main scenario: 1. The user activates E-BHUCDE from his terminal using his browser.
2. E-BHUCDE responds by presenting the home page along with the
different links to the faculties and departments.
3. The user views the information and click on his preference link.
4. E-BHUCDE presents the clicked link.
Post-condition: The user has accessed the home page and gets access to none restricted
Sites.

2.6 User interface prototyiping

It is how the user would interact and access the system. That means how information would flow
between the user and the software. The user interface requirements for the system are: -
• System will provide graphic user interface for all functionality

• The user interface should provide processing message to users to indicate the status of
an action

• The system would prompt for a password to secure it from unauthorized persons

2.7 Analysis models

2.7.1 Sequence diagram

Sequence diagram describes an interaction by focusing on the sequence of messages that are
exchanged, along with their corresponding occurrence specifications on the lifelines. It models
the collaboration of objects based on a time sequence. It shows how the objects interact with
others in a particular scenario of a use case.

24
Figure3: Sequence diagram of View Grade.

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2.7.2 Activity Diagram

The description of the system in terms of activities is shown using activity diagram. The
activities represent the execution of a set of operations. The diagrams below depict the activity
diagram of the E-BHUCDE system.

Figure 4: Activity diagrams for Registering.

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Figure5:activity diagram of login to the system

2.7.3 Class diagram

The class diagram is the main building block of object-oriented modeling. It is used for general
conceptual modeling of the structure of the application, and for detailed modeling translating the
models into programming code. Class diagrams can also be used for data modeling.

27
Figure6:class diagram for e-learning

2.7.4 State diagram

A state diagram is a model of a reactive system. The model defines a finite set of states and
behaviors and how the system transitions from one state to another when certain conditions are
true.

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Figure7: state diagram checking result

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 PHASE THREE

SYSTEM DESIGN

3.1 introduction

3.2 Design Goals

Enhance the quality of learning and teaching. Meet the learning style or needs of students.
Improve the efficiency and effectiveness. Improve user-accessibility and time flexibility to
engage learners in the learning process

In many cases security is considered a technology that increases the complexity of processes
and makes everyone's life harder. However, one has to take into account that people only use a
system if they trust it. Thus security is an enabling technology.

3.1 Architectural design

Software architecture is the process of defining a structured solution that meets all of the tec

nical and operational requirements, while optimizing common quality attributes such as perfo

mance, security, and manageability. It involves a series of decisions based on a wide range of

factors, and each of these decisions can have considerable impact on the quality, performance,

maintainability, and overall success of the application.

3.2 Analysis level class diagram

It is used to compare one or more classes and support specification that describe model elements
include class relationship between classes and interface. Class diagram provides an over view of
the target of the system is describing the object and class inside the system and the relationship

30
between them. Designing class diagram shows the data type of the attribute, the return type and
the arguments of operations and also the visibility of the specification for all attributes and
operations.[6] The following diagram shows the class diagram of our system

Figure8: Class diagram of the E-BHUCDE system.

3.3 Component Diagram

A component is a physical and replaceable part of a system that conforms to and provides the
realization of a set of interfaces. A modular, deployable, and replaceable part of a system that
encapsulates implementation and exposes a set of interfaces.

The component diagram's main purpose is to show the structural relationships between the
components of a system. A component diagram provides a physical view of the system. It
focuses on a set of components and the structural relationships among them.[6]

Component diagram for E-learning Bule Hora University Continuing and Distance Education is
as follows:-

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Figure 9: component diagram

3.4 Deployment diagram

Deployment diagram is a set of nodes and their relationships. These nodes are physical entities
where the components are deployed. Deployment diagrams are used for visualizing deployment
view of a system. This is generally used by the deployment team.
System architecture is shows the software architecture and hardware components are mapping in
the organized form of deployment diagram. A Deployment Diagram depicts how the deployable
units of the system applications, components, and data stores are assigned to various nodes, as
well as how the nodes communicate with each other and with devices. It’s useful both as a map
of your system and as a means for studying the load across your System[4]

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Figure 10: deployment modeling

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3.5 Access control and security
E-Learning systems are introduced as projects and all projects have security risks E-Learning
systems are no longer research prototypes but production systems that need to be securedAll
new electronic systems add new threats Trust in an electronic system is a prerequisite for user
acceptance

3.6 User Interface Design

User interface design is the specification of the interaction between the system users and a
system. The process involves input mechanism design, output mechanism design, and navigation
mechanism.

• Navigation mechanism is part of user interface that takes the user form one part of the
system to the other user system. That includes menus or links, buttons, icons, dialog
boxes etc.

• Input design is about designing a form and its controls for GUI system.

• Output design is about designing reports like detailed, summarized, exceptional, graph,
chart, text document report and extra

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

The development and advancement of computer technology makes computers to be a part of

everyday human life activities. Education is an area where the human is involved in a day to day
activity of his life. It is an area which requires due attention, for it deals with behavioral, attitude
and skill changes. The same is true for the use of computer in education. This work has enabled
the delivery of learning materials to be efficient and it has also achieved interactivity among
students and tutors. Furthermore it has established the assessment based learning theory along
with the collaborative based to be applicable for the distance education in Ethiopia.
The work is developed using the java web technology. This technology choice has enabled the
work to have portability, extendibility and security. The portability enables the work to be
deployed on a given platform and work with the currently existing web servers with or without

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plug-ins. The extendibility can be expressed as features for the work to tolerate the future
expansions on the sector. The security features of the java language can be incorporated to the
level of requirement in need. The quality of distance education has been an issue since its birth.
This work to meet the expected outcomes regarding the quality issue requires the active and
responsive roles of the concerned parties in the sector.

Recommendation

It is our recommendation for the institutes involved in distance education and the government to
organize a central body to mange and upgrade the system. Furthermore Organizations, which are
involved in providing a training service, can utilize and upgrade this work for solving their
problems. The transportation authority, which is involved in providing the driving license
training and authentication, can be taken as an example of such organizations.

REFERENCES

[1] January (2019) – “E-learning Definition and Explanation (E-learning Online Training, Online
Learning)” [Link] Derek Stockley Access date –
October (2019)

[2]December(2018),“Office of Distance and Continuing Education” -

[Link] Bule Hora University,
Access date October (2019)

[3]June (2009) “E-learning: the next level of learning”

[Link] Alina John, Access date
October (2012)

[4]2012 - [Link] HYPERLINK

"[Link] Scott W Ambler Access date
December (2019)

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[5]Frederick P. Brooks, Jr. - The Mythical Man-Month Essays on Software Engineering,
Anniversary Edition

[6]James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson, Grady Booch – The Unified Modeling Language
Reference Manual Second Edition.

[7]Pedro Szekel - User Interface Prototyping: Tools and Techniques

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