OPENING PRAYER
THE
CHAIN RULE
ADVANCE
GIOVANNI M. NAJE
THE CHAIN RULE
• Has been known since Isaac Newton and Leibniz first discovered
the calculus at the end of the 17th century. The rule facilitates
calculations that involve finding the derivatives of complex
expressions, such as those found in many physics applications.
• The chain rule tells us how to find the derivative of a composite
function.
• Chain rule are a set of rules combined together in sequence,
where every rule produces a fact that is both an output of and
can be consumed in rules further down the Chain.
Why is Chain Rule called chain?
The chain rule is known as the
chain rule because it is applicable
to calculate the derivative of a
composite function by changing
its derivative.
When can you use chain rule?
• The chain rule is a fundamental principles
used in Calculus for differentiating composite
functions. If you have a function nested
within another function, f(g(x)), the chain rule
helps us find the derivative of that complex
function.
CHAIN RULE FORMULA
COMPOSITE
DERIVATIVE DERIVATIVE
OUTER INNER OF OUTER OF INNER
FUNCTION FUNCTION FUNCTION FUNCTION
Example : Find the derivative
1
1 −1
INNER FUNCTION
= (3𝑥 2 − 4) 2 (6x)
2
= (5𝑥 2 − 4x+2)3 Power rule 1
−
f(x) = 𝑥 𝑛 = (3𝑥 2 - 4) 2 ( 3x)
f’(x) = n • 𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑥3
3𝑥
f ’(x) = 1
= 3(5𝑥 2 − 4x+2)3−1 (10x – 4) (3𝑥 2 – 4 )2
f ’(x) = (5𝑥 2 - 4x + 2)2 ( 30x – 12)
Example : Find the derivative
2
= (5x – 2 ) 2
2 −1
= (5𝑥 4 − 7) 3 (20 𝑥 3 )
3 1 1
−1
= (5x – 2 ) 2 (5)
1 2
−3 40
= (5𝑥 4 - 7) ( 𝑥 3) −
1
5
3 = (5x – 2 ) 2 ( )
2
40𝑥 3 5
f ’(x) = 1 f ’(x) = 1
3(5 𝑥4 −7 )3 2(5x – 2 )2
Example : Find the derivative
1
= (15𝑥 2 − 6x + 2)2
1
1
= (3𝑥 + 5) 3
=
1
(15𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2) 2
−1
(30x - 6)
2
1
1 −1
= (3𝑥 + 5) 3 (3) 1
−2
3
= (15𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2) (15x -3 )
2
−3
= (3x + 5)
15𝑥 −3
1 f ’(x) = 1
f ’(x) = 2 (15𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 +2 )2
(3x + 5 )3
SOLVING FOR g’(x)
g x = (5x+4)4
USING PRODUCT RULE `
g ′ x = 4(5x+4)4−1 (5)
𝑑
𝑔′(𝑥) = 20(5x+4)3
𝑓 𝑥 𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑥 𝑔′ 𝑥 + 𝑔 𝑥 𝑓′(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
BY SUBSTITUTION, USING THE PRODUCT RULE
` `
f(x) = (3𝑥 − 2)(5x+4)4 f ’(x) = 𝑓 𝑥 𝑔′ 𝑥 + 𝑔 𝑥 𝑓′(𝑥)
`
f(x) g(x) f ′ x = 3𝑥 − 2 20(5x+4)3 + (5x+4)4 (3)
SOLVING FOR f ’(x)
= (5x+4)3 { 20(3x−2) + (5x+4) (3) }
f x = 3𝑥 − 2 = (5x+4)3 (60𝑥 − 40 + 15𝑥 + 12)
f’(x) = 3
`
f’(x) = (5x+4)3 (75𝑥 − 28)
` `
DERIVATIVES OF TRIGONOMETRIC
FUNCTIONS USING CHAIN RULE
EXAMPLE 1: Find the derivative of y = Sin 2x
EXAMPLE 3: Find the derivative of y = Tan 3x
y = Sin (2x)
y = Tan (3x)
y’= Cos (2x) • 2
y’ = Sec 2 (3x) • 3
y’ = 2 Cos 2x
y’ = 3Sec 2 3x
`
EXAMPLE 2: Find the derivative of y =Cos(x-1)
`
`
y = Cos (x-1) `
EXAMPLE 4: Find the derivative of f t = Sin3 4𝑡
y’ = -Sin (x-1) • 1 `
f(t) = Sin3 4𝑡 or f(t)= {Si𝑛(4𝑡)}3
y’ = -Sin (x-1) `
` f’(t) = 3{Si𝑛(4𝑡)}2 • Cos(4t) • 4
`
`
`
f’(t) = 12Sin2 4𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑡
`
