Vision CSS Network
Computer Notes
Port:
A device allows the user to add external components to a computer.
Types: 1. Serial port 2. Parallel port 3. USB port (universal serial bus)
Resident program:
A program that remains in the memory while other programs are executing.
Robot:
An automatic machine that performs routine human tasks.
Run time :
The time required to complete a single execution of an object program.
Object code/program:
An output of a compiler or a code that is written in low level language.
Source code/program:
A code or program that is written in high level language.
Translator :
A program that converts high level language into low level language.
Types : 1. Assembler 2. Compiler 3. Interpreter
Constant :
A quantity whose value cannot be changed.
Debugging :
Process of finding and removing errors in the program.
Flowchart :
A pictorial representation that uses predefined symbols to describe the logic of a
computer program.
DBMS:
DBMS stands for database management system that is used for the
management, maintenance and searching of data stored in a database.
Console/ Terminal :
A device that enables computer users to communicate with computers.
DOS:
Disk operating system which contains the commands and uses disk devices for
permanent storage.
Data rate/ data transfer rate:
The speed at which data is transferred from the main memory to another
medium.
Emulator :
An emulator is a program that emulates another program.
Validation of data:
Data validation means checking the accuracy and quality of data before using.
Terminator :
Terminator is a device connected to one end of a bus or cable that absorbs
signals. Terminators prevent signal reflection.
EDP:
EDP stands for electronic data processing Data processing through electronic
devices or equipment.
ASCII code:
ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information [Link] is a 7 bit
code.
EBCDIC:
Stands for Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code. It is a 8 bit code.
BCD:
Stands for binary coded decimal. It is a 4 bit code.
Uni code:
Universel code is 16 bit code.
POS:
Point of sale. POS is a data entry system that is used in grocery industries.
Number system:
Number system is a way to represent numbers. types :
1. Decimal ( base 10, 0-9)
2. Hexadecimal ( base 16, 0-15) 10=A b=11,c=12,d=13,e=14,f=15
3. Octal ( base 8, 0-7)
4. Binary ( base 2, 0,1)
Data entry devices :
1. OCR ( optical character reader )
2. OMR (optical mark reader)
3. MICR( magnetic ink character reader)
Firmware:
firmware is a software that is "embedded" in a hardware device and is an
essential part of the [Link] is sometimes called embedded software.
FTP:
FTP is file transfer protocol.
Topologies :
Physical layout of network
Types: 1. Bus topology 2. Star topology 3. Ring topology 4. Tree topology 5.
Mesh topology
Elementary data:
Data which is not divided into smaller units .
High level languages:
Languages that are close to human for example C, C++ ,FORTRAN,APL,
SNOBOL.
Low level languages:
Language that is close to the computer..
Auxiliary storage:
Auxiliary memory holds programs and data for future use. Also called secondary
storage.
Seek time:
The time taken for a disk drive to locate the area on the disk where the data to be
read is stored.
Spooling :
A technique used to reduce the speed mismatch between slow speed devices
and fast cpu.
Swapping :
Swapping is a memory management technique in which storing programs on and
then transferring these programs into main memory when they are needed.
Post office protocol:
A protocol that specifies how a personal computer can connect to a mail server
on the internet and download e-mail.
Boolean algebra:
An algebra that deals with logical value either true or false.
Bandwidth :
Amount of data that can be transferred from one point to another point.
Buffer :
Buffer is a device or storage where data is temporarily stored.
Bug :
An error in a program.
Types : 1. Syntax error 2. Logical error 3. Runtime error
Bus :
Circuits that provide a communication path between two or more devices .
Types : 1. Data bus 2. Address bus 3. Control bus
Nonvolatile memory :
Data is not lost when the power is turned off. For example ROM,Bubble memory.
Volatile memory:
Data is lost when the power is turned off. For example RAM.
Batch processing:
Batch processing is a technique in which an Operating System collects the
programs and data together in a batch before processing starts.
Header :
A header is a text that is printed at the top of each page in a document.
Footer:
A footer is a text that is printed at the bottom of each page in a document.
Clipboard :
Clipboard stores text and graphics that you copy or cut.
Freeware :
Software provides at no cost to the user.
Shareware:
Pay a small fee to the author if you want to use this program
.
