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S 9

The document discusses the evaluation of the curl of a vector field using Stokes' theorem, highlighting the relationship between line integrals and surface integrals. It details the process of calculating these integrals over specific surfaces and projections in the xy-plane. The document also explores alternative methods for evaluating integrals, including parametrization of paths.

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19 views2 pages

S 9

The document discusses the evaluation of the curl of a vector field using Stokes' theorem, highlighting the relationship between line integrals and surface integrals. It details the process of calculating these integrals over specific surfaces and projections in the xy-plane. The document also explores alternative methods for evaluating integrals, including parametrization of paths.

Uploaded by

angusliang2023
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

AMA2112 Classwork Solution (2.

10)

2.10.1 First we consider the curl of the vector field 𝐹⃑

𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
∇ 𝐹⃑ 𝚤̂ 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝚥̂ 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝑘 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝑥𝚤̂ 0𝚥̂ 𝑧 2𝑦 𝑘
𝑥𝑧 𝑧 𝑧 𝑦 𝑦 𝑥𝑧

By Strokes theorem, the line integral is the total flux on the surface surrounded by the path

𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃑ ∇ 𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑆⃑

This surface integral can be evaluated by considering the surface 𝑧 1 𝑥 𝑦

∇ 𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑧 𝚤̂ 𝑧 𝚥̂ 1𝑘 𝑑𝐴 𝑥 0 𝑧 2𝑦 𝑑𝐴

Ω is the projection of 𝑆 on xy-plane, triangular region under 𝑥 𝑦 1 on first quadrant.

1 2𝑥 3𝑦 𝑑𝐴 1 2𝑥 3𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦

2𝑦 1
1 𝑦 1 𝑦 3𝑦 1 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2𝑦 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
3 3

2.10.2 First we consider the curl of the vector field 𝐹⃑


𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
∇ 𝐹⃑ 𝚤̂ 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝚥̂ 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝑘 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 3𝚤̂ 2𝑥𝚥̂ 2𝑥𝑘
3𝑧 𝑥 𝑥 2𝑥𝑦 2𝑥𝑦 3𝑧

Anticlockwise from top view, so consider upward normal vector. 𝑆: 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦, 𝑥 𝑦 1


By Strokes theorem, the line integral is the total flux on the surface surrounded by the path

𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃑ ∇ 𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑆⃑ 3 2𝑥 2𝑥 𝑑𝐴 3𝑑𝐴

𝑅 is the projection of 𝑆 on the xy-plane is the circular region 𝑥 𝑦 1

3𝑑𝐴 3 𝑑𝐴 3𝜋
2.10.3 Notice that Γ can be considered as the boundary of a paraboloid 𝑆: 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦
with its projection a quarter disc Ω: 𝑥, 𝑦 |𝑥 0, 𝑦 0, 𝑥 𝑦 4 . Moreover Γ is
counterclockwise from top view so we can apply Strokes' theorem and the surface integral
should take upward normal direction.

The curl of 𝐹⃑ is:


𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
∇ 𝐹⃑ 𝚤̂ 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝚥̂ 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝑘 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝑦𝚤̂ 0𝚥̂ 𝑥 𝑘
𝑦𝑧 𝑒 𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦 𝑦𝑧

𝑆: 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 is a simple surface and we have:


𝑧 2𝑥, 𝑧 2𝑦

𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃑ ∇ 𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑆⃑ 𝑦 2𝑥 0 2𝑦 𝑥 𝑑𝐴 2𝑥𝑦 𝑥 𝑑𝐴

By polar coordinate:
/
2 𝑟 cos 𝜃 𝑟 sin 𝜃 𝑟 cos 𝜃 𝑟𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃
/
2𝑟 cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 𝑟 cos 𝜃 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃

𝑟 𝜃 sin 2𝜃 𝜋
sin 𝜃 4 1 4 𝜋
4 2 4 4

2.10.4 Instead of evaluating the curl and hence the surface integral directly, converting
this into a line integral is more convenient. The boundary of surface 𝑆 is the circle 𝑥
𝑧 0. By right-hand-grip rule, we can parametrize this path by:
𝐶: 𝑥 sin 𝑡 , 𝑦 0, 𝑧 cos 𝑡 , 𝑡 ∈ 0,2𝜋

∇ 𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑆⃑ 𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃑ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 𝑧𝑑𝑦 𝑥𝑑𝑧 0 0 sin 𝑡 𝑑 cos 𝑡

1 cos 2𝑡
sin 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝜋
2

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