LETS TALK ABOUT
DATA
WAREHOUSING
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DIGITAL DATA
A generic definition of data is that it is a collection of facts, typically collected for analysis or
reference. Data can exist in various forms such as facts stored in a person's mind,
photographs and drawings, a bank ledger, and tabled results of a scientific survey. Digital
data is a collection of facts that is transmitted and stored in electronic form, and processed
through software. Devices such as desktops, laptops, tablets, mobile phones, and
electronic sensors generate digital data
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TYPES OF DATA
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• Structured data : It is organized in fixed fields within a record or file. To
structure the data, you require a data model. A data model specifies
the format for organizing data, and also specifies how different data
elements are related to each other. For example, in a relational
database, data is organized in rows and columns within named tables.
• Semi-structured data : It does not have a formal data model but has
an apparent, self-describing pattern and structure that enable its
analysis. Examples of semistructured data include spreadsheets that
have a row and column structure, and XML files that are defined by an
XML schema.
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• Quasi-structured data: It consists of textual data with erratic data
formats, and can be formatted with effort, software tools, and time.
An example of quasistructured data is a “clickstream” that includes
data about which webpages a user visited and in what order – which is
the result of the successive mouse clicks the user made. A clickstream
shows when a user entered a website, the pages viewed, the time that
is spent on each page, and when the user exited.
• Unstructured data : It does not have a data model and is not
organized in any particular format. Some examples of unstructured
data include text documents, PDF files, emails, presentations, images,
and videos.
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DATAWAREHOUSE
• A data warehouse is a central repository of integrated data that is gathered from
multiple different sources. It stores current and historical data in a structured
format. It is designed for query and analysis to support the decision-making
process of an organization. For example, a data warehouse may contain current
and historical sales data that is used for generating trend reports for sales
comparisons.
• It is like a hub which contain all your database.
• Data Warehouses are required for queries, as well as all DML operations,
including loading data into tables.
• Data Warehouses can be started and stopped at any time. They can also be
resized at any time, even while running, to accommodate the need for more or
less compute resources, based on the type of operations being performed by the
warehouse.
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DATA LAKE
A data lake is a centralized repository that allows organizations to store
vast amounts of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data at
any scale. It is designed to handle massive volumes of data in its raw
form, without requiring a predefined schema or structure. The concept
of a data lake emerged as a response to the limitations of traditional
data warehouses, which often struggle to handle the variety, volume,
and velocity of modern data sources.
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DATA MART
A Data Mart is a subset of a data warehouse that is focused on a
specific business function, department, or topic area. Unlike a data
warehouse, which stores comprehensive and integrated data from
various sources across an organization, a data mart contains a more
tailored and condensed set of data that is relevant to a particular group
of users or a specific analytical purpose.
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DATABASE
• A database is a collection of data that is organized, which is also called structured data. It can be
accessed or stored in a computer system.
• Each database consists of one or more schemas, which are logical groupings of database
objects, such as tables and views.
• There are different kinds of databases:
Relational Database:
A relational database is made up of a set of tables with data that fits into a predefined category.
Distributed Database:
A distributed database is a database in which portions of the database are stored in multiple
physical locations, and in which processing is dispersed or replicated among different points in a
network.
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SCHEMA
• A schema is a collection of database objects like tables, triggers,
stored procedures, etc. A schema is connected with a user which is
known as the schema owner.
• A schema is a logical grouping of database objects (tables, views,
etc.). Each schema belongs to a single database.
• Databases and schemas are used to organize data stored in
Snowflake.
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VIEW
• A view is a subset of a database that is generated from a user query
and gets stored as a permanent object.
• Views serve a variety of purposes, including combining, segregating,
and protecting data.
• A view is a virtual table whose contents are defined by a query.
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TABLE
• Tables are database objects that contain all the data in a database.
• In tables, data is logically organized in a row-and-column format
similar to a spreadsheet. Each row represents a unique record, and
each column represents a field in the record.
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