Physics – Course Details - Spring 2022

1 Course code PHY321/621

2 Course Title Quantum Mechanics II
3 Credits 4 credits
4 Course Coordinator Dr. Sambuddha Sanyal
5 Nature of Course Lectures only (L)
BS-MS 6th semester, Int-Phd and Phd students
6 Pre requisites(if any) Quantum Mechanics I
Mathematica Methods I
Classical Mechanics
Electrodynamics I
7 Objectives & Outcomes 1)To impart different approximate methods in QM and apply them to
different physical examples.
2) An introductory level understanding of the many-body physics
problems in quantum mechanics.
3) Introduction to Lorentz invariant formulation of quantum
mechanics.
8 Course contents Gauge symmetry and Discreet symmetries
1) Gauge fields in quantum mechanics
-Coupling of charges and spins to the scalar and vector potential,
gauge transformations, Aharonov -Bohm effect
2) Discreet symmetries
-antiunitary symmetries in quantum mechanics, time-reversal and
parity

Many body physics

1) Entanglement
- concept of pure and mixed state, quantum
entanglement, entangled pair, EPR paradox, Bell’s
inequality, density matrix formalism
2) Identical particles in quantum mechanics
-Permutation symmetry in many particle system, schrodinger
equation and it's solution for N-particle systems, bosons and
fermions, Pauli’s exchange principle, exchange effects
3) Second quantization
-describing multiparticle states in quantum mechanics, second
quantization, applications in many fermions and many boson systems

Approximate methods in quantum mechanics problems

1) Time-independent perturbation theory
- non-degenerate and degenerate formalism
- hyperfine splitting , Stark effect, Zeeman effect
2) Time dependent perturbation theory
- Formalism, Interaction picture
- states, operators and their evolution with time, Dyson series,
Fermi’s golden rule
- Adiabatic and sudden approximations , Berry phase
3) Variational method
 -ground state energy and eigenfunctions, excited state estimation,
simple applications
4) WKB approximation
-basic 1D potential problems

Scattering
1) Scattering amplitude, differential scattering cross section
- Time-dependent formalism: S Matrix and T Matrix, Lippman-
Schwinger equation
- Approximations: Born approximation, partial wave expansion
-universality of low energy scattering, low and high energy limits,
scattering length and effective range
- Bound states and resonance
- Forward scattering amplitude, optical theorem

Lorentz invariant systems

1) Lorentz transformation and Lorentz group
- Klein Gordan equation
- Spin 1/2 fermions: Dirac Fermions and Dirac Equation
9 Evaluation /assessment a. End-sem examination- 30%

b. Mid-sem examination- 30%

c. Quiz/ Assignments- 30%

d. Project-10%

e. Audit criteria: Assignments are compulsory

f. For PhD /Int-PhD students project is 20% and assignments is

20%

10 Suggested readings Text Book(s):

1. Modern Quantum Mechanics, J. J. Sakurai (2014)

Pearson (New Delhi)
2. Introduction to quantum mechanics, D. J. Griffiths
(2005) 2 nd Ed, Pearson (Noida)
3. Principles of Quantum mechanics -R Shankar, Plenum press
(1994)
4. Quantum Mechanics, Vol. 1, C. Cohen-Tannoudji
(1977) Wiley-VCH (Weinheim)
5. Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, Landau and
Lifshitz (2005) Elsevier (New Delhi)
6. A modern approach to quantum mechanics- John S. Townsend,
University science books (2012)
7. Quantum Mechanics and Path Integrals, Feynman and Hibbs.
Course code PHY3(6)23 [Special topics for PhD in italics]

Course Title Optics

Credits 4 (Three lecture hours per week)

Type of Course/Open in/to L (only lectures); Open for sixth semester BS-MS students,
the second semester I-PhD students, and PhD students

Name of Course Coordinator & Dr. Jessy Jose

participating faculty (if any)
Dr. Dileep Mampallil

Course Objective & Outcome Objectives:

• Introduce the physics behind the propagation of

electromagnetic waves through different media
• Describe the phenomena such as reflection, refraction,
dispersion, etc. in terms of microscopic properties of
light and matter
• Introduce the basics of laser and its application
• Mathematical description of the phenomena such as
interference, diffraction, etc.
• Introduce nonlinear effects of light propagation
through matter

Outcomes:

• Describe properties of light using physics concepts

and to explain its propagation through different media
using Maxwell’s equations
• Explain the physics behind laser action, identify the
important aspects of laser that makes it such a useful
tool in numerous applications
• Explain the natural phenomena involving light and
matter in terms of the light-matter interaction at the
microscopic scale.

Pre-requisite Waves and Optics, Electromagnetic theory, Electrodynamics

Course Content Brief review of Maxwell’s equations: [2]
• The electromagnetic nature of light
• Maxwell’s equations, Poynting vector, Energy flow,
Irradiance, Power
• The electromagnetic spectrum
Properties of light: [10]
• Propagation of light ― Fermat’s principle, modern
definition, Snell’s law from Fermat’s principle
• Scattering of light – Rayleigh scattering and Mie
scattering, Raman Scattering
• Dispersion of light – The dependence of refractive
index on the frequency of light, Modelling in terms
of a forced damped harmonic oscillator, Importance
in spectroscopy
• Polarization – Linear, circular, and elliptical
polarization of light, Malus’ Law, Birefringence,
Half-wave and quarter-wave plates, Jones Calculus:
Matrix representation of polarization, Dichroism,
Optical Activity
• Fresnel’s equations: Reflection and refraction of
light at plane boundaries – the electromagnetic
theory, the Snell’s laws, Total internal reflection,
Critical angle, Brewster angle
Lasers: [10]
• Spontaneous and stimulated emission and
absorption of light by atoms/molecules – Einstein’s
A and B coefficients, Population inversion
• Ruby laser – principle and operation
• Intrinsic linewidth and doppler broadening
• Longitudinal modes in an optical resonator (Fabry-
Perot cavity), Single mode operation and shape of a
laser beam, Free-spectral range, Coefficient of
finesse
• Transverse modes, gain and losses in a laser
medium
• Continuous and pulsed lasers
• Fibre optics
• Holography
• Q-switching and mode-locking
Wave optics: [8]
• Dual nature of light, fundamental theoretical
description of coherence, interference: general
considerations
• Interference by spherical waves, conditions for
interference
 • Young’s double slit experiment, and multiple beam
interference
• Fabry-Perot interferometer and high-resolution
spectroscopy
• Fourier optics
• Twisted light
• Diffraction: Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction
• Fraunhofer single slit and double slit diffraction
• Diffraction by many slits
Optics of solids: [6]
• Propagation of light through solids
• Introduction to nonlinear optics: The Kerr effect
• Harmonic generation, Frequency mixing, Self-
focusing of light
• Electro-and magneto-optical effects
• Optical properties of metals
• Liquid crystals
Introduction to Quantum optics: [3]
• The semi-classical approach: Atoms interacting
with the classical electromagnetic field
• Atom-light interaction processes, Transitions
between atomic levels driven by an oscillating
electromagnetic field
Grading Scheme • End-sem examination - 35 %
• Mid-sem examination - 35 %
• Two Quizzes - 30 %
Suggested Reading 1. Optics, Eugene Hecht and A. R. Ganesan (2002) 4th
Edition, Addison Wesley Longman
2. Introduction to Modern Optics, Fowles (1989) Dover
Publications
3. Optics, Ajoy Ghatak (2009) Tata McGraw Hill
4. Principles of Optics, Born and Wolf (1999) 7th
Edition, Cambridge University Press
5. Fundamentals of Optics, Francis A. Jenkins and
Harvey E. White (1981) 4th Edition, McGraw Hill
Higher Education
Course code PHY324

Course Title Solid State Physics

Credits 4 (3 Lecture hours + 1 Tutorial hour per week)

Type of Course/Open in/to L (Lectures) + T (Tutorial);

Open to semester/programs: BSMS-sem VI,

IPhD - Sem II,

Name of Course Coordinator & Course instructor: Dr. Koteswara Rao Bommisetti (IIT
participating faculty (if any) Tirupati)
Local coordinator: Dr. Tapan C. Adhyapak
Course Objective & Outcome Objective:

1. To introduce basics of crystal structures and crystal

systems, different symmetries, diffraction in crystalline
materials.
2. To introduce the fundamentals of lattice vibrations and
its applications.
3. To provide a deep insight of various material
properties such as electronic, electrical and magnetic
properties and their applications.

Outcomes:
This course will provide the fundamental knowledge of many
physical properties of the materials, which would be helpful
for research in condensed matter physics and materials science

Pre-requisite Statistical Mechanics-I, Quantum Mechanics-I

Course Content Crystal structure and X-ray diffraction [7 L+T]
Periodic structure and symmetry of crystals, 2-D and 3-D
Bravais lattices unit cells Reciprocal lattice, Miller indices and
lattice planes, X-ray Diffraction and Bragg’s law, Reciprocal
Lattice (to SC, BCC, FCC), Bragg's Law in reciprocal Lattice,
Diffraction of Waves by Crystals Structure Factor (Atomic
and Geometric Structure Factor), Crystal Structure
Determination using XRD

Phonons (Lattice vibrations and Thermal properties)

[7 L+T]
Phonons - 1 : Lattice vibrations
Vibrations of Crystals with Monatomic Basis (First Brillouin
Zone, Group Velocity, Long Wavelength Limit, Derivation of
Force Constants from Experiment), Two Atoms per Primitive
Basis Quantization of Elastic Waves, Phonon Momentum
Inelastic Scattering by Phonons.
Phonons-2 : Thermal properties
Phonon Heat Capacity (Planck Distribution, Normal Mode
Enumeration, DoS in 1D and 3D, Debye Model for DoS,
Debye T3 Law, Einstein Model of the Density of States, D(ω))
Einstein and Debye models (thorugh derivations),
Anharmonic Crystal Interactions, Thermal Conductivity

Free Electron Fermi Gas [5 L+T]

Free electron theory: Quantum Theory of Free Electron gas,
Energy Levels in One Dimension, Effect of Temperature on
the Fermi-Dirac Distribution, Free Electron Gas in Three
Dimensions, Heat Capacity of the Electron Gas, Experimental
Heat Capacity of Metals, Electrical Conductivity and Ohm’s
Laws law, Experimental Electrical Resistivity of Metals,
Umklapp Scattering, Hall Effect, Thermal conductivity of
metals.

Energy Bands [6 L+T]

Bloch theorem, nearly free electron model, classification of
metal, insulator and semiconductor, motion of electrons in
energy bands, effective mass, band structure calculations,
tight binding models.

Semiconductors and Metals [5 L+T]

Semiconductors and Fermi surfaces.

Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism and

Antiferromagnetism [8 L+T]
 Quantum theory of magnetism: Quantum Theory of
Diamagnetism, Quantum Theory of Paramagnetism, Rare
Earth Ions, Hund Rules Iron Group Ions, Crystal Field
Splitting, Quenching of The Orbital Angular Momentum,
Van Vieck Temperature-Independent Paramagnetism,
Demagnetization and Nuclear Demagnetization,
Paramagnetic Susceptibility of Conduction Electrons.

FM Order, Curie Point and the Exchange Integral, Saturation

Magnetization, Magnons, Quantization of Spin Waves,
Thermal Excitation of Magnons, Antiferromagnetic Order,
Susceptibility Below the Neel Temperature, Ferromagnetic
Domains, Anisotropy Energy, Hysteresis.

Dielectric properies of solids [3 L+T]

Polarization and susceptibility, The local field, dielectric
constant and polarizability, sources of polarizability,
frequency dependent polarization, ferroelectricity,
Piezoelectricity.

Defects in solids [2 L+T]

Lattice vacancies, diffusion, color centers

Superconductivity [6 L+T]
Superconductivity Meissner Effect, Energy gap, London's
theory, experimental observations, BCS theory, Josephson
effect, Superfluidity.
Grading Scheme For BS-MS and I-PhD:
Quizzes/assignments – 30%
Mid-semester exam – 30%
End-semester exam – 40%
Suggested Reading 1. Charles Kittle, Introduction to Solid State Physics
(Wiley, 1971, 8th Ed.).
2. M. Ali Omar, Elementary Solid State Physics.
3. N. W. Ashcroft & N. D. Mermin, Solid State Physics
(CENGAGE Learning).
4. J. M. Ziman, Principles of The Theory of Solids
(Cambridge University Press, 2nd Ed.,1972).
5. L. V. Azaroff, Introduction to Soilds (Mc Graw Hill,
1960)
1 Course code PHY326 /626
2 Course Title Nonlinear Dynamics
3 Credits 04
4 Course Coordinator Prof.G. Ambika
5 Nature of Course L-lecture alone
MS level course meant for BS MS students in sem VI/VIII,
iPhD students in sem II/IV and open to PHD students
6 Pre requisites(if any) None
Will be pre requisite for the course on Complex Systems in
next semester
7 Objectives & Objectives: This is an introductory course in the subject.
Outcomes General features of nonlinear dynamical systems will be
discussed.
The objective is to provide a basic training to students
• to understand nonlinear systems from the dynamical
system’s theory
• to work out the fixed points, their stability and
bifurcations in dynamical systems
• to model real-world systems like population dynamics,
epidemics, chemical reactions, lasers, neurons,
nonlinear oscillators etc.
• to characterize their different possible dynamical states
including chaos.
Outcomes: Students will be trained in dynamical systems
approach to real world systems in an interdisciplinary way.
They will receive introductory training in nonlinear differential
equations, nonlinear analysis of data, and fractals
8 Course contents 1.Introduction: Nonlinear Dynamical systems– 1 lectures
2. 1-d and 2-d dynamical systems : fixed points, stability
analysis, limit cycles, bifurcations, nullclines-8 lectures

3.Discrete dynamical systems:

1-d systems: logistic map, bifurcations, period doubling,
chaos, Lyapunov exponent- 6 lectures

2-d systems: Henon map, circle map, quasi periodicity,

Arnold tongue-4 lectures

4. Chaotic dynamics- Poincare map- Power spectrum-

Lyapunov exponents, Fractals & fractal dimensions- 6
lectures

5. Nonlinear oscillators, Lorenz system, Rossler system,

pendulum, Henon Heiles system, population dynamics,
neurons, laser chaos, models from astrophysics, economics,
epidemics, ecology (with Computer lab sessions)
- 8 lectures
 6. Nonlinear Time series analysis – 3 lectures

9 Evaluation For BS/MS ,iPhD

/assessment a. End- sem examination- 30%
b. Mid-sem examination- 30%
c. Quiz- 20%
d. Project-20%
For PhD
a. End semester exam -20%
b. mid-semester exam -20%
c. Project &seminar -40%
d. Quiz -20%
10 Suggested readings 1. Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, Steven Strogatz, Pegasus
Books.
2. Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics, Hilborn, Oxford University
Press (2009).
3. Nonlinear Dynamics, Lakshmanan and Rajasekar,
Springer(2003).
4.Topics in nonlinear dynamics, V. Balakrishnan, NPTEL video
course
 Spring2022

1 Course code PHY341/641

2 Course Title Fluid Dynamics
3 Credits 3 (Two lecture hours per week)
4 Course Coordinator Dr. Tapan C. Adhyapak

5 Nature of Course L - Lectures alone.

LT -Lectures & Tutorials
P -Practicals
LP-Lectures & Practicals
6 Pre requisites(if any) Basic knowledge of calculus, vector and tensor analysis and
Electrodynamics.
7 Objectives & Outcomes Objective:
To provide basic understanding of the dynamics of Newtonian fluids in
high and low Reynolds numbers, introduction to specialized advanced
topics relevant to current research, and introduction to the basics of
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and dynamics processes therein.

Outcomes:
On successful completion of this course, students will:
• Learn theoretical frameworks and experimental principles in
fluid dynamics that are used in a wide range of research fields in
physics.
• Experience applications of the concepts through examples
borrowed and discussed from recent research findings.
• Get introduced to specialized advanced topics in the field, e.g., in
Stokesian dynamics, hydrodynamic interactions, microfluidics,
and magnetohydrodynamics.

8 Course contents • Fundamentals: Fluid kinematics: Eulerian and Lagrangian

descriptions, material derivatives, kinematics of fluid elements,
conservation laws, Bernoulli’s equation, Euler’s equation,
Navier-Stokes equation [4L].

• High Reynolds number flows: Laminar and turbulent flows,

boundary layers concepts, von Karman’s momentum integral
theory, boundary layer equations, Inviscid Flows: stream
function, velocity potential, basic potential flows [6L].

• Low Reynolds number flows: Stokes equation, energy

dissipation theorem, Lorentz reciprocal theorem, single and
double layer potentials, singularity solutions of Stokes flow,
method of images & multipole expansion, flow past a sphere,
 Faxen’s theorem & hydrodynamic interactions, Couette &
Poiseuille flows, capillary phenomena [10L].

• Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD): The MHD approximations,

Governing equations of MHD, Ideal and Resistive MHD, Conservation
laws in MHD, basic processes: linear and Alvén waves [6L].
9 Evaluation For BS-MS and I-PhD:
/assessment Quizzes/assignments – 30%
Mid-semester exam – 30%
End-semester exam – 40%
For PhD:
Quizzes/assignments – 10%
Mid-semester exam – 30%
End-semester exam – 40%
Mini-project and presentation on a relevant topic (no report required)
— 20%

10 Suggested readings 1. L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Fluid Mechanics (2nd Ed. 1987).

2. Y. A. Cengel and J. M. Cimbala, Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and

Applications (4th Ed., 2018).

3. F. M. White, Fluid Mechanics (7th Ed., 2011).

4. F. M. White, Viscous Fluid Flow (3rd Ed., 2006).

5. J. K. G. Dhont, An Introduction to Dynamics of Colloids (Elsevier, 1996).

6. S. Kim and S. J. Karrila, Microhydrodynamics: Principles and Selected

Applications (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1991).

7. P.A. Davidson, Introduction to Magnetohydrodynamics (2nd Ed.,

Cambridge University Press, 2017).
1 Course code PHY345
2 Course Title Advanced Physics Lab II : Optics
3 Credits 3
4 Course Coordinator Dr. T.Kanagasekaran*
& participating faculty Dr. Dileep Mampallil (Participating faculty)
5 Nature of Course P -Practical’s
6 Pre requisites(if any) It is required that the student’s should recall the fundamentals of
optics and laser characterizations.
7 Objectives & To help students learn how light interacts with matter, and to
Outcomes familiarize them with the basics of spectroscopy of gas-phase as
well as condensed-phase systems. Students will study
experimentally various properties of light such as polarization,
diffraction, dispersion, etc. which is complementary to the
knowledge they acquire in the theory course on Optics.
8 Course contents 1. Laser Characteristics
2. Fabry-Perot Interferometer
3. Ultrasonic diffraction
4. Brewster’s angle and Malus Law
5. Polarization by quarter and half wave plates
6. Fibre optics - Single & Multi mode fibre
7. Kerr Effect: Quadratic Electro-Optic Effect
8. Reflection, transmission, and refraction of
microwaves
9. Faraday Rotation: A magneto optical effect
10. Magnetostriction with the Michelson interferometer
9 Evaluation Daily evaluation –25% (During the experiments evaluate the
/assessment students understand of the experiments)
Record note evaluation – 25% (Analysis of experiment result on
time)
End-semester exam – 50% (Viva or written test based on the
above-mentioned experiments)
The above evaluation method may vary, the decision will be taken
based on number students.
10 Suggested readings Text-books that may be useful for this course are:
1.Optics, Eugene Hecht and A.R. Ganesan (2002) 4th Edition,
Addison Wesley Longman.
2.Introduction to Modern Optics, Fowles (1989) Dover
Publications.
3.Fundamentals of nonlinear optics by Powers, Peter E. (2015)
CRC Press.
4.Introduction to solid state physics by Kittel, Charles (2016) Wiley
India.
5.The Art of Experimental Physics, D.W. Preston and E.R. Dietz
(1991) John Wiley.
6.An introduction to error analysis: the study of
uncertainties in physical measurements, J. R.Taylor, 2nd
Edition(1997) University Science Books (Mill Valley, CA).
1 Course Code PHY421 / 721
2 Course Title Nuclear and Particle Physics
3 Credits 4
4 Course Coordinator Dr.Chitrasen Jena

5 Nature of Course L – Lecture alone

Open for 8th Sem BS-MS,
4th Sem IPhD & PhD students.

6 Pre-requisites Quantum Mechanics I & II

7 Course Objective & Objectives:

Outcome - To introduce basic concepts and processes in nuclear
and particle physics

Outcomes:
Students should be able to
- demonstrate a knowledge of fundamental aspects of
the structure of the nucleus, radioactive decay and
nuclear reactions
- describe the fundamental constituents of matter and
their interactions
- describe experimental techniques used in nuclear and
particle physics

8 Course contents Overview of nuclear properties: Radius, Mass, Binding

energy, Angular momentum and parity, Magnetic moments
[3 Lectures]

Nuclear forces: Two-Nucleon System (Deuteron),

Nucleon-Nucleon Scattering, Meson exchange model [4
Lectures]

Nuclear models: Liquid drop model, Fermi gas model,

Shell model, Collective model [5 Lectures]

Radioactive decays: General properties, Alpha decay, Beta

Decay, Gamma Decay [4 Lectures]

Nuclear reactions: Conservation laws, Reaction cross

sections, Coulomb Scattering, Nuclear Scattering, Nuclear
Fission, Nuclear Fusion
[4 Lectures]

Classification of elementary particles: Fermions, Bosons,

Eightfold way, Quark model, Introduction to the standard
model [5 Lectures]
 Overview of particle interactions: Review of relativistic
kinematics, Dirac equation, Electromagnetic interactions,
Weak and Strong interactions (introductory), Symmetries
and conservation laws, Discrete symmetries, CP violation,
Time reversal and CPT Theorem
[9 Lectures]

Brief review of experimental methods: Linear

accelerators, Cyclotrons, Synchrotrons, Storage Ring
Collider, Basic particle detectors, Modern complex
detectors [3 Lectures]

9 Evaluation /assessment For BS-MS and IPhD:

1. Two quizzes: 30%
2. Mid-Sem Exam: 30%
3. End-Sem Exam: 40%

For PhD:
1. Two quizzes: 30%
2. Mid-Sem Exam: 20%
3. End-Sem Exam: 30%
4. Mini Project: 20%

10 Suggested readings Text Books:

1. Introductory Nuclear Physics, Kenneth S. Krane (1987) John

Wiley & Sons
2. Introductory Nuclear Physics, Samuel S. M. Wong (1998)
Wiley VCH
3. Nuclear Physics in a Nutshell, Carlos A. Bertulani (2007)
Princeton University Press
4. Introduction to Elementary Particles, D. Griffiths (1987) 2nd
edition, Wiley
5. Particle Physics, B.R. Martin and G. Shaw (2008) John
Wiley & Sons
6. Introduction of High Energy Physics, D.H. Perkins (2000)
Cambridge University Press
1 Course code PHY423 /723

2 Course Title Gravitation & Cosmology

3 Credits 4

4 Course Coordinator Arunima Banerjee

5 Nature of Course L- lectures

6 Pre requisites(if any) Classical Mechanics, Mathematical Methods in Physics

7 Objectives & Outcomes Objectives:

This course will introduce the student to Einstein’s Theory of Gravitation and
its applications in Cosmology.

Outcomes:
The student will be well-acquainted with all the basic theoretical formalism
of gravitation and cosmology to pursue advanced research in this field and
other related areas.

8 Course contents Riemannian Geometry: Vectors and Tensors; parallel transport, covariant
differentiation; Geodesics; Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor - its
symmetry properties, Ricci tensor; Bianchi identities; vanishing of the
curvature tensor as a condition for flatness, Geodesic deviation equation.

Principle of general covariance and principle of equivalence; Einstein field

equations, derivation from a variational principle.

Crucial tests of general relativity - perihelion shift, bending of light,

gravitational redshift. Schwarzschild blackhole, event horizon and static
limit.

Linearized led equations and gravitational waves .

Cosmological assumptions - Cosmological principle,Hydrodynamics

approximation and general relativity; Robertson-Walker metric. Red
shift, Hubble's observations. Friedman models, cosmological parameters,
age of the Universe, cosmological horizons; models with lambda term.
9 Evaluation /assessment For BS/MS ,iPhD

a. End- sem examination- 30%

b. Mid-sem examination- 40 %

c. Quiz (2) - 30%

For PhD

a. End semester exam -20%

b. mid-semester exam -20%

c. Project /seminar -40%

d. Quiz -20%

10 Suggested readings References

1. B. F. Schutz, A First Course in General Relativity, Cambridge University

Press.
2. R. D'Inverno, Introducing Einstein's relativity, Oxford university press
(2005).
3. J. B. Hartle, Gravity : an introduction to Einstein's general relativity,
Pearson education (2003).
4. S. Weinberg, Gravitation and cosmology : principles and applications of
the general theory of relativity, John wiley and Sons (2004).
 Spring 2022

1 Course code PHY424

2 Course Title Advanced Condensed Matter Physics

3 Credits 4 (Three Lecture hours per week)

4 Course Coordinator Dr.Sudipta Dutta

5 Nature of L (only lectures)

Course/Open in/to
Open in/to semesters– BSMS-8, iPhD-4, PhD
6 Pre-requisite Quantum Mechanics I & II, Statistical Thermodynamics, Advanced Statistical
Mechanics, Solid State Physics, Mathematical Methods in Physics

7 Course Objective & Objectives:

Outcome To prepare sound foundation for the students who are interested to pursue
research in theoretical, computational and experimental condensed matter physics.
Outcomes:
One major component of this course is self-study on selected topics (given in the
content) and presentation. This will help the students to apply the concepts that
they will learn in the course and that will certainly increase their understanding.

8 Course Content Review of first quantization (2 lectures)

Second quantization: (3 lectures)
• Bosonic and Fermionic operators
• Quantum field operators
• Examples of second quantization
• Second quantization and statistical mechanics
Electron gas: (3 lectures)
• Non-interacting electron gas
• Electron interactions in perturbation theory
Electron-Phonon interactions: (3 lectures)
• Lattice vibrations and phonons
• Electron-phonon interactions in lattice
Mean-Field theory: (6 lectures)
• Hartree-Fock approximation
• Broken symmetry
• The Heisenberg model of ionic ferromagnets
• The Stoner model of metallic ferromagnets
• The BCS theory of superconductors
Time evolution pictures: (2 lectures)
• Time evolution of creation and annihilation operators
• Time ordering operator
 Green’s function: (7 lectures)
• Green’s function for one-particle Schrodinger equation
• Single-particle Green’s function of many-body systems
• Dyson’s equation
• Wick’s theorem
• The Lehmann representation
• Spectral function
• Two-particle correlation function
Imaginary time Green’s function: (5 lectures)
• Matsubara Green’s function
• Retarded and Advanced Green’s function
Equation of motion theory: (4 lectures)
• Anderson’s model for magnetic impurities
• Kondo effect
Electron transport theory: (5 lectures)
• The Kubo formula
• S-matrix
• The Landauer-Buttiker formula
• Conductance quantization
• Aharonov-Bohm effect

Extra Reads: (for self-study and presentation)

• Luttinger liquid
• Fermi liquid
• Spin wave theory
• Friedel oscillations
• Floquet theory
• Hubbard Hamiltonian
• Heisenberg Hamiltonian
• Charge density waves
• Spin density waves
• Feynman diagram
• Linked cluster expansion

9 Evaluation/Assessm For BSMS & iPhD:

ent 1. 2 quizzes (20%)
2. Mid-sem exam (30%)
3. End-sem exam (30%)
4. Seminar on any topic of “Extra Reads” (20%): 20 + 10 minute

For Ph.D:
1. 2 quizzes (20%)
2. Mid-sem exam (20%)
3. End-sem exam (20%)
 4. Seminar on any topic of “Extra Reads” (20%): 20 + 10 minutes
5. Seminar on a selected paper given by the instructor (20%): 20 + 10
minutes

10 Suggested Reading 1. Henrik Bruus & Karsten Flensberg: Many-body quantum theory in
condensed matter physics, Oxford University Press (2004)
2. Gerald D. Mahan: Many-particle physics, Springer (2000)
3. Piers Coleman: Introduction to many body physics, Cambridge
University Press (2015)
4. Alexander L. Fetter & John D. Walecka: Quantum theory of many-
particle systems, Dover (2003)
5. John W. Negele & Henri Orland: Quantum many-particle systems,
Perseus Books (1998)
6. Alexander Atland & Ben Simons: Condensed matter field theory,
Cambridge University Press (2010)
7. S. Doniach & E. H. Sondheimer: Green’s functions for solid state
physics, Imperial College Press (1998)
8. George Gruner: Density waves in solids, Basic Books (1994)
9. R. D. Mattuck: A guide to Feynman diagrams in many-body
problem, Dover (1992)
10. Assa Auerbach: Interacting electrons and quantum magnetism,
Springer (1998)
 Course outline for PHY425 – Spring 2022

1 Course code PH425

2 Course Title Advanced Physics Lab
3 Credits 4
4 Course Coordinator & Dr.S. Sunil Kumar & Dr.Chitrasen Jena
participating faculty (if
any)
5 Nature of Course P - Practicals
6 Prerequisites (if any) Quantum Mechanics I, Solid State Physics
7 Objectives & Objectives:
Outcomes • Introduce basic concepts in quantum physics
• Basics of quantum statistical mechanics and solid-state physics
• Relevant applications

Outcomes:
• Gain a fundamental understanding of why quantum physics is
essential to describe various phenomena observed in nature

8 Course contents 1. Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM)

2. X- Ray Diffraction (XRD)
a. Bragg’s law
b. Compton Effect
c. Mosely’s Law
3. Speed of light by Foucault method
4. Two Slit Interference: One photon at a time
5. Mach-Zehnder-interferometer and Quantum Eraser
6. Inverted Florescence Microscope*
7. VeraSol-2 LED Class AAA Solar Simulator*
8. Impedance Analyzer*
9. Computational Astrophysics*
a. Hubble’s law and expansion of the Universe
b. Astronomical dust polarization measurements

* Experiments indicated by asterisk are optional. At least 8 out

of 12 experiments needs to be completed.

9 Evaluation a. Lab report: 30 %

/assessment
b. Viva voce: 30 %

c. End semester exam: 40 %

10 Suggested readings 1. Kittel, C. (2016), Introduction to solid state physics, Wiley
(India)
2. Bransden, B. H. and Joachain, C. J. (2003), Physics of
Atoms and Molecules by and Pearson Education India
3. Demtroder, W (2010), Atoms, Molecules and Photons,
Springer
4. Preston, D.W. and Dietz, E.R. (1991), The Art of
Experimental Physics, John Wiley
5. Taylor, J. R. (1997, Ed. 2), An introduction to error
analysis: The study of uncertainties in physical
measurements, University Science Books (Mill Valley,
CA)
6. Feynman, R. P., Leighton, R. B. and Sands, M (2010),
The Feynman Lectures on Physics Vol 3, Pearson
(Noida)
7. Hecht, E. (2002, Ed. 4), Optics, Addison Wesley
Longman
1 Course code PHY443/743
2 Course Title Soft Matter Physics
3 Credits 3
4 Course Coordinator & Dr. Ravi Kumar Pujala*
participating faculty(if Dr. Tapan C. Adhyapak
any)
5 Nature of Course L -Lectures alone
6 Pre requisites None
7 Objectives & ▪ This course provides systematic education to Master and PhD
Outcomes students on basic knowledge related to scientific research of soft
matter (physics, chemistry, biology) and its applied sciences
(material science, life molecular science, biophysics, medicinal
chemistry, and functional science).
▪ Some well-known research methods and technologies in soft
matter physics.
▪ It attempts to give an overview of the various aspects of the physics
of soft condensed matter – including droplets, colloids, emulsions,
supramolecules, and liquid crystals, etc. It is expected that this
course will be helpful to students of applied science using soft
matter in their design, fabrication, modeling or simulation.
8 Course contents ● Introduction to soft matter
● Brownian motion and thermal fluctuation
● Phase transitions and phase diagrams
● Viscous, elastic and viscoelastic behaviour of
Materials
● Properties of colloidal systems
● Surfactants, Emulsions and Droplets
● Liquid crystals and Polymer solution
● Rheology of soft materials (Foods and gels)
● Soft nanotechnology and self-assembly
● Biological aspects of soft matter
● Active Matter
9 Evaluation a. Assignment/Quiz- 2 (20% weightage)
/assessment b. Mid-Sem exam (30% weightage)
c. End-Sem exam (30% weightage)
d. Mini project (20% weightage) presentation is required

10 Suggested readings ▪ Soft Condensed Matter - Richard A.L. Jones (2002)

▪ Soft Condensed Matter Physics in Molecular and Cell Biology,
Taylor & Francis, (2006)
▪ Polymer Solutions: An Introduction to Physical Properties, John
Wiley & Sons, (2002)
▪ Fragile Objects: Soft Matter, Hard Science, and the Thrill of
Discovery, Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1996)
1 Course code PHY441 / 741

2 Course Title Photonics

3 Credits 3
4 Course Coordinator Dr.Kanagasekaran T
5 Nature of Course L -Lectures alone
6 Pre requisites (if any) Basic Electronics
7 Objectives & Outcomes Objectives:
• To study the advanced level of optical & electrical properties
of semiconductors and fundamental principles of the
photonic device operation.
• This course, help students to meet the demand of growing
semiconductor optoelectronic industry and prepares them to
advanced study and research in the semiconductor optics and
optoelectronics devices.
• Understand the properties of light and engineering
applications of lasers.
8 Course contents 1. Energy bands in solids; Semiconductor heterostructures – Lattice-
matched layers and Quantum well Structures; 2. Bandgap
engineering; Schottky junctions & Ohmic contacts 3. Interaction of
photons with electrons and holes in a semiconductor; optical joint
density of states; 4. Absorption spectrum of quantum well
structures; Electro-absorption modulator: Principles of operation
and device configuration. 5. Injection of electroluminescence,
Device structure and output characteristics, Modulation bandwidth.
6. Laser basics characteristics, Laser medium, Single mode lasers
and Multimode laser and Laser cavity, 7. Semiconductor
photodetectors: PIN diodes and APDs: Structure, Materials,
Characteristics, and Device performance.
9 Evaluation /assessment a. End-sem examination - 40%

b. Mid-sem examination – 30%

c. Quiz/ Assignments - 30%

10 Suggested readings 1) B.E.A. Saleh and M.C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics, John
Wiley & sons, Inc., 2nd Ed. (2007), Ch. 16-18.
2) A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern
Communicstion, Oxford University Press (2007), 6th Ed., Ch. 15-
17.
3) G. Ghione, Semiconductor Devices for High-speed
optoelectronics, Cambridge University Press (2009).
4) P.Bhattacharya, Semiconductor optoelectronics Devices, Prentice
Hall International Inc. (1994).
5) J. Singh, Semiconductor Optoelectronics: Physics and
Technology, McGraw-Hill Inc. (1995).
1 Course code BIO462/762, CHM462/762,
CSA462/762, ECS462/762, PHY462/762
2 Course Title Data Science II
3 Credits 3
4 Course Coordinator Dr. Debasish Koner*,
& participating Dr. Arunima Banerjee
faculty(if any)
5 Nature of Course Lectures and hands-on sessions
6 Pre requisites(if any) CSA434, PHY434 & CHM434 (Data Science I),
Programming skills (python required)
7 Objectives & Objectives:
Outcomes -To introduce students to advanced topics of Data Science in
an interdisciplinary manner
-To train them in machine learning and artificial intelligence
and how to apply the methods in real world problems.
-The hand-on sessions will give the students a chance to
practice all the concepts involved.

Open in semesters/programs - Offered for BSMS Sem. VI

and VIII, IPhD Sem. II and IV, and PhD

Outcomes:
-Students will be able to use the techniques of machine
learning and artificial intelligence in their research for data
management, especially in areas of bioinformatics,
astrophysics and astrochemistry, quantum and material
chemistry, time series analysis, information technology etc.
-Students, being responsive to the growing demands for data
analysts, can look for alternate careers related to data
analytics.
8 Course contents Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks(ANN): features,
weights, Perceptron, hidden layers, multi layer perceptron,
activation functions, bias, loss functions, parameter
initialization, gradient-based learning, learning rate, back-
propagation, optimizers, architecture design, feedforward
network, noise and regularization, dropout layers, over and
under fitting, deep learning, vanishing gradient problem,
residual layers.

Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN):

convolution operation, filter, variants of the basic convolution
function, pooling, flattening, cross-entropy loss function,
softmax function, structured outputs, distortions, encoders.

Introduction to Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR): kernel trick,

kernel functions, gaussian process regression.
Introduction to Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN): recurrent
neural networks, the challenge of long-term dependencies,
the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM).

Nonlinear Dynamics and Machine Learning.

 20 Lectures + 6 Hands-on sessions
9 Evaluation a. End- sem examination 40%
/assessment b. Mid-sem examination 30%
c. Quiz / assignments 30%
10 Suggested readings
1. Aurélien Géron, Hands-On Machine Learning with
Scikit-Learn, Keras, and TensorFlow. O'Reilly Media,
Inc. (2019)
2. Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio and Aaron Courville,
Deep Learning. MIT Press(2017).
3. Yegnanarayana B, Artificial Neural Networks,
Prentice-Hall India (1999).
4. Haykin S, Neural Networks and Learning Machines,
Pearson Education (2011).
5. Peter Harrington, Machine Learning in Action,
Manning Publication Co. (2012)