Scribd
Upload
263 views3 pages

Flow Control

The document discusses two primary flow control techniques in the Data Link Layer: Stop-and-Wait Flow Control and Sliding Window Flow Control. Stop-and-Wait is simple but inefficient as it only allows one frame to be sent at a time, while Sliding Window enables multiple frames to be sent before receiving acknowledgments, improving efficiency but increasing complexity. It also outlines two types of Sliding Window protocols: Go-Back-N ARQ and Selective Repeat ARQ, each with distinct methods for handling frame acknowledgments and retransmissions.

Uploaded by

swapnil jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
263 views3 pages

Flow Control

The document discusses two primary flow control techniques in the Data Link Layer: Stop-and-Wait Flow Control and Sliding Window Flow Control. Stop-and-Wait is simple but inefficient as it only allows one frame to be sent at a time, while Sliding Window enables multiple frames to be sent before receiving acknowledgments, improving efficiency but increasing complexity. It also outlines two types of Sliding Window protocols: Go-Back-N ARQ and Selective Repeat ARQ, each with distinct methods for handling frame acknowledgments and retransmissions.

Uploaded by

swapnil jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Techniques of Flow Control in Data Link Layer : There are basically

two types of techniques being developed to control the flow of data

1. Stop-and-Wait Flow Control : This method is the easiest and


simplest form of flow control. In this method, basically message or
data is broken down into various multiple frames, and then receiver
indicates its readiness to receive frame of data. When
acknowledgement is received, then only sender will send or transfer
the next frame. This process is continued until sender transmits
EOT (End of Transmission) frame. In this method, only one of
frames can be in transmission at a time. It leads to inefficiency i.e.
less productivity if propagation delay is very much longer than the
transmission delay and Ultimately In this method sender sent single
frame and receiver take one frame at a time and sent
acknowledgement(which is next frame number only) for new frame.

Advantages –
 This method is very easiest and simple and each of the frames is
checked and acknowledged well.
 This method is also very accurate.
Disadvantages –
 This method is fairly slow.
 In this, only one packet or frame can be sent at a time.
 It is very inefficient and makes the transmission process very slow.
2. Sliding Window Flow Control : This method is required where reliable
in-order delivery of packets or frames is very much needed like in data link
layer. It is point to point protocol that assumes that none of the other entity
tries to communicate until current data or frame transfer gets completed.
In this method, sender transmits or sends various frames or packets
before receiving any acknowledgement. In this method, both the sender
and receiver agree upon total number of data frames after which
acknowledgement is needed to be transmitted. Data Link Layer requires
and uses this method that simply allows sender to have more than one
unacknowledged packet “in-flight” at a time. This increases and improves
network throughput. and Ultimately In this method sender sent multiple
frame but receiver take one by one and after completing one frame
acknowledge(which is next frame number only) for new frame.
Advantages –
 It performs much better than stop-and-wait flow control.
 This method increases efficiency.
 Multiples frames can be sent one after another.
Disadvantages –
 The main issue is complexity at the sender and receiver due to the
transferring of multiple frames.
 The receiver might receive data frames or packets out the sequence.
Types of Sliding Window Protocol
There are two types of Sliding Window Protocol which include Go-
Back-N ARQ and Selective Repeat ARQ:
1. Go-Back-N ARQ
Go-Back-N ARQ allows sending more than one frame before getting
the first frame’s acknowledgment. It is also known as sliding window
protocol since it makes use of the sliding window notion. There is a
limit to the amount of frames that can be sent, and they are
numbered consecutively. All frames beginning with that frame are
retransmitted if the acknowledgment is not received in a timely
manner.
2. Selective Repeat ARQ
Additionally, this protocol allows additional frames to be sent before
the first frame’s acknowledgment is received. But in this case, the
excellent frames are received and buffered, and only the incorrect or
lost frames are retransmitted.

You might also like