Logic Section

MCQs
1. __________ Mathematics concerns processes that consist of a sequence of individual steps?
(a) Differential (b) Discrete (c) Integral (d) None
2. A declarative statement which may be true or false but not both is called ____________?
(a) Negation (b) Proposition (c) Conjunction (d) None

3. Grass is green is an example of __________?

(a) Negation (b) Proposition (c) Conjunction (d) None
4. In Symbolic logics, the symbol means __________?
(a) Not (b) Or (c) And (d) None
5. If p → q is a given conditional, then p → q is called the _________ of p → q?

(a) Converse (b) contrapositive (c) Inverse (d) None

6. In Symbolic logics, the symbol means __________?
(a) Not (b) Or (c) And (d) None
7. In Symbolic logics, the symbol ∨ means __________?

(a) Not (b) Or (c) And (d) None

8. In Symbolic logics, the symbol ∧ means __________?

(a) Not (b) Or (c) And (d) None

9. If p is a statement variable then the negation of p, not p is denoted as _______?

(a) p (b) ∧ p (c) → p (d) None

10. If p and q are statements then the conjunction of p and q is denoted by

(a) p ∧q (b) p ∨ p (c) q → p (d) None

11. If p and q are statements then the disjunction of p and q is denoted by

(a) p ∧q (b) p ∨ p (c) q → p (d) None

12. A NOT-gate is a circuit with one input signal and ______ output signal?
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) None

12. An AND-gate is a circuit with two input signals and ______ output signal?
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) None

12. An OR-gate is a circuit with two input signals and ______ output signal?
 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) None

Short

1. Find truth table for the statement form p ∧(q ∨ r )?

2. Define conditional statement and also find the truth table of p → q?

3. Construct a truth table for the statement form ( p q)( p r )?

4. If p → q is a given conditional then find the truth table of its converse, inverse and
contrapositive?

5. Convert ( A ⋂ B )'= A ' ⋃ B ' into logical form and prove this by constructing truth table?

Long

1. Use truth table to show that ( p q)( p( p q)) is a tautology?

2. Use truth table to show that ( p q)( p q) is a contradiction?

3. By using truth tables, prove that p ∨ ( p ∧ q ) ∨ ( p ∧ q ) =p ∨( p ∧ q) ?

Proofs Section
MCQs
13. Sum of two odd integers is an _________ integer?
(a) Odd (b) Even (c) Neither even nor odd (d) None

14. An integer n is even if and if n=¿ ¿ for some integer k ?

(a) 2 k (b) 2 k +1 (c) 1 (d) None

15. There is no greatest integer, is this ______?

(a) True (b) False (c) Not true (d) None

16. If n2 is an even integer then n is _________?

(a) Odd (b) Even (c) Neither even nor odd (d) None

17. The number √ 2 is __________?

(a) Rational (b) Irrational (c) integer (d) None

Short
1. Define direct proof and give an example?
2. Show that the sum of two odd integers is even?
2. Define proof by contradiction and give an example?

4. Prove that for all integers n, if n2 is even then n is even?

5. Define proof by contrapositive and give an example?
Long

1. Prove that for all integers a, b and c, if a∨b and b∨c then a∨c ?
2. Prove that √ 2 is irrational number?

Set Theory section

MCQs

18. A well defined collection of _______ objects is called a set?

(a) Distinct (b) Same (c) Both a and b (d) None
19. The set of natural numbers is the subset of the set of _________ numbers?
(a) Whole (b) Integers (c) Both a and b (d) None
20. The symbol “⋯ ” is called an _________?

(a) Member (b) ellipses (c) Both a and b (d) None

21. There are _______ forms of sets?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) None
22. The union of set of rational and irrational numbers is the set of ________ numbers?
(a) Whole (b) Integers (c) Real (d) None

23. If A ⊆ B, then B is called a _______ of A ?

(a) Subset (b) Superset (c) Element (d) None
24. Every set is a _______ of itself?
(a) Subset (b) Superset (c) both a and b (d) None
25. A set that contain no element is called ________ set?
(a) Null (b) Empty (c) both a and b (d) None
25. A set that contain finite number of elements is called ________ set?
(a) Finite (b) Empty (c) both a and b (d) None
Shorts
1. Define tabular form, descriptive form and set builder form of a set and give one example of each?
2. Define intersection of two sets A and B with Venn diagram and also give one example of intersection?

Longs

By using membership table and truth table, prove that ( A ∪ B )' =A ' ∩ B' ?

Relations or Binary relations and functions

MCQs

26. An element of the form (a ,b) is called ________?

(a) Ordered pair (b) triplet (c) quadruple (d) None

27. Cartesian product of two sets A and B is usually denoted by

(a) A ∪ B (b) A × B (c) A ∩ B (d) None

28. A _______ from set A to set B is a subset of the Cartesian product A × B ?

(a) Relation (b) Binary relation (c) Both a and b (d) None

29. The first elements of the ordered pairs of a relation R from set A to set B is called _______ of R ?

(a) Domain (b) Co-domain (c) Range (d) None

29. The second elements of the ordered pairs of a relation R from set A to set B is called _______ of R ?

(a) Domain (b) Co-domain (c) Range (d) None

30. If R is a relation from set A to set B then set B is called _________?

(a) Domain (b) Co-domain (c) Range (d) None

31. Let R be a relation on a set A . Then R is ________ if, and only if, for all a A , (a ,a) R?

(a) Reflexive (b) symmetric (c) transitive (d) None

31. Let R be a relation on a set A . Then R is ________ if, and only if, for all a , b A , if (a ,b) R ,
then ( b , a ) ∈ R ?
(a) Reflexive (b) symmetric (c) transitive (d) None

31. Let R be a relation on a set A . Then R is ________ if, and only if, for all a , b , c A , if (a ,b) R,
(b , c )R then ( a , c ) ∈ R ?
(a) Reflexive (b) symmetric (c) transitive (d) None

32. Let R be a relation on a set A . Then R is ________ if and only if, for all a , b A , if (a ,b) R ,
and (b , a) R then a=b ?
(a) Reflexive (b) anti-symmetric (c) transitive (d) None
33. A relation R on set A is said to be equivalence if it satisfies ________ properties?

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) None

34. A function is said to be bijective if it is _____________?
(a) One one (b) Onto (c) Both a and b (d) None

35. A function from set A to set B is said to be onto if Ran ( f ) =¿ ¿?

(a) A (b) B (c) Both a and b (d) None

36. A function is said to be constant if its range has _______ elements?

(a) One (b) Zero (c) Two (d) None

Short

1. Define Cartesian product of two sets A and B and also find A × B if A={ 1 ,2 , 3 } and B= { a ,b }?

2. Define relation and give 3 example of relations if A={ 1 ,2 , 3 } and B= { a ,b , c }?

3. Let A = {eggs, milk, corn} and B = {cows, goats, hens}. Define a relation R from A to B by
(a ,b) R if and only if a is produced by b ?
4. Define an equivalence relation and give one example?
5. Define partial order relation and give one example?
6. Define bijective function and find all possible bijective functions on set A={ a , b , c }?

Long

1. Define a relation R on the set of all integers Z as follows: for all integers m and n ,
m R n mn(mod 3). Prove that R is an equivalence relation?
2. Find all possible bijective functions on set A={ 1 ,2 , 3 , 4 }?
Sequences and Series
MCQs
37. A sequence is a function whose domain is the subset of ________?
(a) Natural numbers (b) Integers (c) Whole Numbers (d) None
38. A sequence is denoted by ________?

(a) a n (b) f (x) (c) {an } (d) None

39. If a n=n +1 , then a 7=¿ ¿?
2

(a) 37 (b) 43 (c) 50 (d) None

40. A sequence {an } is said to be arithmetic if ________?

(a) a n−a n−1 =d ∀ n ≥ 2 (b) a n−a n−1 =r ∀ n ≥ 2 (c) a n+ an−1=d ∀ n ≥ 2 (d) None

41. The sequence 1 ,5 ,9 , ⋯ is _________ sequence?

(a) a harmonic (b) a geometric (c) an arithmetic (d) None

42. The nth term a n of an arithmetic sequence { an } is ________?

(c) a 1+ nd
n−1
(a) a 1+(n−1)d (b) a 1 r (d) None.

43. The arithmetic mean A between a and b is _________?

a+b b 2
(a) (b) a+ (c) (d) None
2 2 a+b
44. If a , A , b are in arithmetic sequence then A is called ______ of a and b ?

(a) geometric mean (b) harmonic mean (c) arithmetic mean (d) None
45. The arithmetic mean A between 4 and 6 is __________

(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) None

46. The sum of 1st n terms a 1+ a2 +a3 +⋯+ an is denoted by __________

(a) Sn (b) An (c) a n (d) None

47. The sum Sn of 1st n terms of arithmetic sequence is equal to __________

n n n
(a) [ a + ( n−1 ) d ]
2 1
(b) [ a + ( n+1 ) d ]
2 1
(c)
2
[ 2 a1 + ( n−1 ) d ] (d) None

48. A sequence { an } is said to be geometric if ______?

an an+1 an−1
(a) =r for all n ≥ 2 (b) =r for all n ≥ 2 (c) =r for all n ≥ 2 (d) None
an−1 an−1 an
49. The geometric mean G between two numbers a and b is _________?

a+b
(a) ± √ ab (b) √ ab (c) (d) None
2
50. If a=2 and b=18 , then G=¿ ¿?

(a) 7 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) None

51. If a=2 and b=18 , then A=¿ ¿?

(a) 7 (b) 6 (c) 10 (d) None

52. The 7 th term of the sequence 1 ,3 ,9 , ⋯ is _______?

(a) 81 (b) 243 (c) 729 (d) None

Shorts

1. Define Arithmetic Progression and find the 13th term of A. P if a 5=13 and a 17=49 ?

a+b
2. Define Arithmetic mean and show that the arithmetic mean A between a and b is A= ?
2
3. Define geometric progression and find the 12th term of the G. P 1+i ,2 i ,−2+2 i, ⋯?

4. If
1 1
a b
1
, and are in G. P. Show that the common ratio is ± a ?
c c √
5. Define Geometric mean and show that the Geometric mean G between a and b is G=± √ ab ?

1 1
6. Define Harmonic Progression and find the 9th term of H. P if its first term is and fifth term is ?
3 5
2 ab
7. Define Harmonic mean and show that the harmonic mean H between a and b is H= ?
a+ b
Longs
1. Which term of the A. P 5 , 2 ,−1 . ,⋯ , is −85 ?

2. Obtain the sum of all integers in the first thousand integers which are neither divisible by 2 nor by 5?

3. Find three consecutive numbers in G. P whose sum is 26 and their product is 216?
1 1 1
4. If the numbers , and are H. P, find k ?
k 2 k +1 4 k−1

Permutation and Combination

MCQs
53. The factorial of a positive integer n is denoted by _______?

(a) n ! (b) a n (c) n (d) None

54. 5 !=¿ ¿

(a) 24 (b) 110 (c) 120 (d) None

7!
55. =?
4! ¿
(a) 200 (b) 210 (c) 220 (d) None

56. The value of 5 P3=¿ ?

(a) 60 (b) 50 (c) 40 (d) None

57. nCr =¿ ¿?

1 n!
(a) nPr (b) (c) both (a) and (b) (d) None
r! r ! (n−r )!
58. nPr =¿ ¿?

n! n!
(a) (b) (c) both (a) and (b) (d) None.
(n−r )! r ! (n−r )!
59. 5 C 3+5 C 4=¿ ¿?

(a) 15 (b) 20 (c) 25 (d) None

Shorts
Define permutation and find the value of n if nP 2=30 ?

How many signals can be made with 4 different flags when any number of them are to be used at a time?
In how many ways can be letters of the word MISSISSIPPI be arranged when all the letters are to be
used?
Define combination and find the value of n if n C 4=nC 5?

Find the values of n and r if nCr=35 and nPr=210?

Longs

Show that (nr)+(r−1 ) ( r )?

n = n+1

Graph Theory

MCQs
60. A ________ is a non-empty set of points called vertices and a set of line segments joining
pairs of vertices called edges?
(a) Set (b) Graph (c) Both a and b (d) None
61. The set of vertices of a graph G is usually denoted by

(a) V (G) (b) E(G) (c) Both a and b (d) None

62. In a graph G , an edge with just one endpoint is called _________?

(a) Incident (b) adjacent (c) Loop (d) None

In a graph G , two vertices that are connected by an edge are called __________?

(a) Incident (b) adjacent (c) Loop (d) None

63. In a graph G , an edge is said to be _________ on each of its endpoints?

(a) Incident (b) adjacent (c) Loop (d) None

64. In a graph G , a vertex on which no edges are incident is called ________?

(a) Isolated (b) adjacent (c) Parallel (d) None

65. In a graph G , two distinct edges with the same set of end points are said to be ________?
(a) Isolated (b) adjacent (c) Parallel (d) None
66. A graph is said to be __________ if it does not have any loop or parallel edges?
(a) Simple (b) composite (c) Both a and b (d) None
67. The degree of a vertex v of a graph G is usually denoted by __________?

(a) deg ⁡(G) (b) deg (v ) (c) Both a and b (d) None

68. If G is any graph, then the sum of the degrees of all the vertices of G equals ______ the
number of edges of G ?
(a) One time (b) Two time (c) Three time (d) None
69. The total degree of a graph G is an _______ number?

(a) Odd (b) Even (c) Neither even nor odd (d) None

70. A graph G is k - _________ if every vertex of G has degree k

(a) Regular (b) complete (c) Both a and b (d) None

71. A complete graph K n is _________-regular?

(a) n (b) n−1 (c) n+1 (d) None

72. A closed walk is a walk that starts and ends at the ________ vertex
(a) different (b) Same (c) Both a and b (d) None
73. A circuit is a ________ walk that does not contain a repeated edge?
(a) Closed (b) Same (c) Open (d) None

74. Two vertices v and w of a graph G are connected if, and only if, there is a _______
from v to w ?
(a) Path (b) Walk (c) Closed walk (d) None
75. An _________ circuit for a graph G is a circuit that contains every vertex and every edge of
G
(a) Hamiltonian (b) Euler (c) Tree (d) None

75. A _________ circuit for a G is a simple circuit that contains every vertex of G
(a) Hamiltonian (b) Euler (c) Tree (d) None

Shorts
1. Define graph and give one example of graph?
2. Define simple graph and give an example?
3. Define complete graph and give one example?
4. Define Bipartite graph and give an example?
5. Define k -regular graph and give one example?
6. Define Euler circuit and give an example?
7. Define Hamiltonian graph and give an example?
Longs