Database Architecture in DBMS: 1-Tier,
2-Tier and 3-Tier
What is Database Architecture?
A Database Architecture is a representation of DBMS design. It helps to
design, develop, implement, and maintain the database management
system. A DBMS architecture allows dividing the database system into
individual components that can be independently modified, changed,
replaced, and altered. It also helps to understand the components of a
database.
A Database stores critical information and helps access data quickly and
securely. Therefore, selecting the correct Architecture of DBMS helps in
easy and efficient data management.
Types of DBMS Architecture
1-Tier Architecture
2-Tier Architecture
3-Tier Architecture
Types of DBMS Architecture
There are mainly three types of DBMS architecture:
One Tier Architecture (Single Tier Architecture)
Two Tier Architecture
Three Tier Architecture
Now, we will learn about different architecture of DBMS with diagram.
1-Tier Architecture
1 Tier Architecture in DBMS is the simplest architecture of Database in
which the client, server, and Database all reside on the same machine. A
simple one tier architecture example would be anytime you install a
Database in your system and access it to practice SQL queries. But such
architecture is rarely used in production.
1 Tier Architecture Diagram
2-Tier Architecture
A 2 Tier Architecture in DBMS is a Database architecture where the
presentation layer runs on a client (PC, Mobile, Tablet, etc.), and data is
stored on a server called the second tier. Two tier architecture provides
added security to the DBMS as it is not exposed to the end-user directly. It
also provides direct and faster communication.
2 Tier Architecture Diagram
In the above 2 Tier client-server architecture of database management
system, we can see that one server is connected with clients 1, 2, and 3.
Two Tier Architecture Example:
A Contact Management System created using MS- Access.
3-Tier Architecture
A 3 Tier Architecture in DBMS is the most popular client server
architecture in DBMS in which the development and maintenance of
functional processes, logic, data access, data storage, and user interface is
done independently as separate modules. Three Tier architecture contains
a presentation layer, an application layer, and a database server.
3-Tier database Architecture design is an extension of the 2-tier client-
server architecture. A 3-tier architecture has the following layers:
1. Presentation layer (your PC, Tablet, Mobile, etc.)
2. Application layer (server)
3. Database Server
3 Tier Architecture Diagram
The Application layer resides between the user and the DBMS, which is
responsible for communicating the user's request to the DBMS system and
send the response from the DBMS to the user. The application
layer(business logic layer) also processes functional logic, constraint, and
rules before passing data to the user or down to the DBMS.
The goal of Three Tier client-server architecture is:
To separate the user applications and physical database
To support DBMS characteristics
Program-data independence
Supporting multiple views of the data
Three Tier Architecture Example:
Any large website on the internet.
