CLASS: IX MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER 2: POLYNOMIALS.
1. Which of the following expressions are polynomials?:
1 1 1 ( x 2)( x 4)
(i) x 3 1 ; (ii) 3 x 1 ; (iii) 5x 1
7 ; (iv) .
x3 2x 2 5x 2 7
2. Find the remainder in each case if p(x) is divided by g(x):
(i) p(x) = x3 – 6x2 + 2x – 4, g(x) = 1 – 2x
(ii) p(x) = 2x3 – 5x2 + 4x – 3 g(x) = 3x + 1.
35 134
Ans : , .
8 27
3. In each of the following, for what value of k is g(x) a factor of p(x):
(i) p(x) = 2x3 + kx2 + 11x + k + 3, g(x) = 2x – 1
(ii) p(x) = 25x4 + 10x3 – 5kx2 + 15kx – 1, g(x) = 2 + 5x
iii) p(x) = x6 – kx5 + x4 – kx3 + 3x – k + 2, g(x) = x – a.
5
Ans : 7, , 1 .
34
4. Find the value of k if p(x) = 3x3 – 2kx2 + 5x – 4 and q(x) = 2x3 – kx2 – 5k leave the same
remainder when divided by x + 1. (Ans: 5/2).
5. Factorize each of the following polynomials:
(i) 45a3b – 30a2b2 + 5ab3
(ii) 9(x + y)2 – 24(x + y )(x – y) +16(x – y)2
(iii) 8(a + 1)2 + 2(a + 1)(b + 2) – 15(b + 2)2
(iv) 16(2x – 1)2 – 25(x – 2)2
(v) a12 b4 – a4b12
(vi) 162 a5 – 32ab4
(vii) 4a2 – 9b2 – 2a + 3b
(viii) a2 – 19a – 216
(ix) 1 – 2a – 35a2
(x) 5x2 – 8x – 21
(xi) x4 – 13x2 + 36
(xii) x2 + 17xy – 84y2
(xiii) x6 – 7x3 – 8
(xiv) m8 – 11m4n4 – 80n8
(xv) 9x2 +49y2 + 4z2 + 42xy – 28yz –12zx
8x 3 6x 2 y 3xy 2 1y 3
(xvi)
125 25 10 8
(xvii) 9a3 – 243b3
(xviii) 512x3 + 729y3
(xix) 3 3a 3 5 5b 3
64 x 3 96 x 2 48 x
(xx) 8
125 25 5
(xxi) 216 – 8x3 – 27y3 – 108xy
(xxii) x6 – 64
(xxiii) (3a – 2b)3 + (2b – 5c)3 + (5c – 3a)3
(xxiv) (2a – 3b)3 + (3b – 4c)3 – (2a – 4c)3
(xxv) 2 2 a3 + 8b3 – 27c3 + 18 2 abc.
[ANSWERS: (i) 5ab(3a – b)2; (ii) (x – 2y)2; (iii) (2a + 3b +8)(4a – 5b – 6);
(iv) 3(13x – 14)(x + 2); (v) a4b4(a4 + b4)(a2 + b2)(a + b)(a – b);
(vi) 2a(9a2 + 4b2)(3a + 2b)(3a – 2b); (vii) (2a – 3b)(2a + 3b – 1); (viii) (a – 27)(a + 8);
(ix) - (7a – 1)(5a + 1); (x) (x – 3)(5x + 7); (xi) (x + 2)(x – 2)(x + 3)(x – 3);
(xii) (x + 21y)(x – 4y); (xiii) (x – 2)(x2 +2x + 4)(x + 1)(x2 – x + 1);
3
4 4 2 2 2 2 x 1y
(xiv) (m + 5n )(m + 4n )(m + 2n)(m – 2n); (xv) (3x + 7y – 2z) ; (xvi) ;
5 2
(xvii) 9(a – 3b)(a2 + 3ab + 9b2); (xviii) (8x + 9y)(64x2 – 72xy + 81y2);
3
2 2 4x
(xix) ( 3a 5b )(3a + 15ab +5b ); (xx) 2 ;
5
(xxi) (6 – 2x – 3y)(36 +4x2 +9y2 + 12x – 6xy + 18y);
(xxii) (x + 2)(x2 – 2x +4)(x – 2)(x2 + 2x +4); (xxiii) 3(3a – 2b)(2b – 5c)(5c – 3a);
(xiv) 3(2a – 3b)(3b – 4c)(4c – 2a);
(xv) ( 2a + 2b – 3c)(2a2 + 4b2 +9c2 – 2 2a b + 6bc + 3 2a c)].
6. Factorize each of the following cubic polynomials using Factor Theorem:
(i) p(x) = x3 – 10x2 – 53x – 42
(ii) p(x) = x3 + 7x2 – 21x – 27
(iii) p(x) = x3 + x2 – 17x + 15.
[ANSWERS: (i) (x + 1)(x – 14)(x + 3); (ii) (x – 3)(x + 9)(x + 1); (iii) (x – 1)(x + 5)(x – 3)].
7. Evaluate each of the following using a suitable identity:
(i) 97×103 (ii) 83×105 (iii) 993
(iv) 772 – 232 (v) 5053 (vi) 393 – 233 – 163
(vii) (0.995)3 (viii) (100.5)3 (ix) 95×93
2 2
(x) 37 – 2×37×33 + 33 .
[ANSWERS: (i) 9991; (ii) 8715; (iii) 970299; (iv) 5400; (v) 128787625; (vi) 43056;
(vii) 0.985074875; (viii) 1015075.125; (ix) 8835; (x) 16].
8. Expand each of the following using a suitable identity:
2 3
1a 1b 1c 1 2
(i) (ii) (iii) (x2 – 5y)2
4 2 3 3x 5y
3
2 3x
(iv) (v) (0.2x + 2.5y)2 (vi) (2x – 9)(2x + 13)
3x 4
(vii) (a + 2b – 3c)2 – (a – 2b + 3c)2.
[ANSWERS:
1a 2 1b 2 1c 2 ab bc ac 1 2 4 8
(i) (ii)
16 4 9 4 3 6 27 x 3 15 x 2 y 25 xy 2 125 y 3 ;
3
(iii) (x 4 - 10x²y + 25y²) 8 1 9x 27 x
(iv)
; 27 x 3 x 8 64 ; (v) 0.04x2 + xy + 6.25y2 ; (vi) 4x2 +
8x – 117; (vii) 4a(2b – 3c)].
