Comparison of SDLC Models
Model Flexibility Speed Complexity Best For
Waterfall Low Slow Low Small, fixed-
scope projects
Incremental Medium Medium Medium Gradual feature
releases
RAD High Fast Low Time-sensitive,
UI-heavy
projects
Prototype High Medium Low Requirements
discovery
Spiral High Medium High Risk-prone,
large projects
Concurrent High Medium High Parallel
workflows
Agile Very High Fast Medium Projects with
frequent
changes
XP/Scrum Very High Very Fast Medium Fast-paced,
quality-focused
projects
1. Waterfall Model
A linear, sequential approach where each phase (like requirements, design, coding, and
testing) must be completed before the next begins. Best suited for projects with clear, fixed
requirements.
2. Incremental Model
Software is developed in small, functional increments. Each increment adds features and
allows partial implementation and feedback throughout the development cycle.
3. Rapid Application Development (RAD)
Focuses on fast development using reusable components, minimal planning, and continuous
user feedback. Ideal for time-sensitive and modular projects.
4. Prototype Model
A quick, working prototype is built early to understand user requirements. It helps refine
functionality through feedback before final development begins.
5. Spiral Model
Combines iterative development with risk management. Each cycle includes planning, risk
analysis, development, and evaluation, making it ideal for large, high-risk projects.
6. Concurrent Development Model
Activities like design, development, and testing occur simultaneously across different modules.
It supports dynamic changes and is useful for parallel development environments.
7. Agile Development
An iterative, flexible approach emphasizing customer collaboration, working software, and
rapid delivery. Agile adapts to changing requirements over time.
8. Extreme Programming (XP)
A type of Agile focused on code quality and frequent releases. Practices include pair
programming, test-driven development, and continuous integration.
9. Scrum
An Agile framework that organizes work in sprints (1–4 weeks), with daily stand-ups and roles
like Product Owner and Scrum Master. Prioritizes collaboration and adaptability.