GE5- Purposive Communication | Module 1 |

Communication, Principles, Processes, and

Ethics

I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
(1) Identify the principles, processes, and ethics of communication;
(2) Describe the elements of verbal and non-verbal communication in
various and multicultural contexts;
(3) Practice effective communication skills;
(4) Evaluate communication skills; and
(5) Reflect on a learning experience.

II. Warm-up:
For 2-5 minutes, ponder on these questions: (You may write on a sheet of paper)
(1) What does communication mean?
(2) How important is communication to your personal and professional
success?
III. Self-audit:
After completing the warm-up activity, tick the column that best describes your
ability to communicate. Answer the section as objectively as possible. Bear in
mind that there are no wrong answers.

Usually Sometimes Seldom Never

(3) (2) (1) (0)
1. I acknowledge the barriers
to communication and
address them effectively.
2. I adjust to my
audience’sneeds, values, and
beliefs.
3. I am clear with my purpose.
4. I am confident.
5. I give a timely and specific
feedback.
6. I keep an open-mind.
7. I listen attentively.
8. I keep my message short but
complete.
9. I observe verbal and non-
verbal messages effectively.
10. I support my message with
facts.
TOTAL
GRAND TOTAL

Interpretation:

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 GE5- Purposive Communication | Module 1 |
Communication, Principles, Processes, and
Ethics
Score Level of Proficiency
26-30 Advanced
25-27 Proficient

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 GE5- Purposive Communication | Module 1 |
Communication, Principles, Processes, and
Ethics
23-24 Approaching Proficiency
21-22 Developing
20 and below Beginning

IV. Input:

COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLES
 Communication is a process of exchanging verbal and/or non-verbal information
between two or more people who can be either the speaker or the receiver of the
messages.
 Communication is used to meet the purpose of a person. The purpose could be
to inform, to persuade, or to entertain.
 Communication can be in the form of written, verbal, non-verbal and visuals.
Written communication involves texts or words encoded and
transmitted through memos, letters, reports, on-line chat, short
message service or SMS, electronic mail or e-mail, journals, and other
written documents.
Verbal communication involves an exchange of information through
face-to- face, audio and/or video call or conferencing, lectures,
meetings, radio, and television.
Non-verbal communication involves the use of the following to
convey or emphasize a message of information:
o Voice- this includestone, speech rate, pitch, pauses, and
volume.
o Body language- this includes facial expressions, gestures,
and eye contact.
o Personal space or distance- this refers to an area of
space and distance that a person from a different culture,
personality, age, sex, and status adopts and puts for another
person.
o Personal appearance- this refers how a person
presents himself/herself to a particular situation,
whether formal or informal.
Visuals involve the use of images, graphs, charts, logos, and maps
 Communication can be intended or unintended.
Intended communication refers to planning what and how you
communicate your ideas to other people who are older than you are or
who occupy a higher social or professional position such as your
parents, teachers, and supervisors, among others.
Unintended communication, on the other hand, happens when
you unintentionally send non-verbal messages to people you are
communicating with, or when you suddenly make negative remarks out
of frustration or anger.
 Communication is a complex process that requires you to:
o know your audience,
o determine your purpose,
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 o identify your topic,
o expect objections,
o establish credibility with your target audience,
o present information clearly and objectively, and
o develop apractical, useful way to seek for feedback

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 GE5- Purposive Communication | Module 1 |
Communication, Principles, Processes, and
Ethics

COMMUNICATION PROCESS
The communication process involves elements such as source, message,
encoding, channel, decoding, receiver, feedback, context, and barrier.
 Source- the speaker or sender of a message.
 Message- the message, information, or ideas from the source or speaker.
 Encoding- the process of transferring the message.
 Channel- the means to deliver a message such as face-to-face
conversations, telephone calls, e-mails, and memos, among others.
 Decoding- the process of interpreting an encoded message.
 Receiver- the recipient of the message.
 Feedback- the reactions or responses of the receiver to the message
from the sender.
 Context- the situation or environment in which communication takes
place.
 Barriers- the factors which may affect the communication
process. Examples of barriers to communication:
o Culture
o Individual differences
o Language use
o Noise
o Past Experiences
o Status
Communication can be a one-way or two-way process. Communication as a
one-way process is best illustrated in the model of Shannon-Weaver (1949) as shown
in Figure 1. In this model, the sender is active while the receiver is passive during the
communication process.

Figure 1.

On the other hand, communication as a two-way process is

exemplified by a transactional model as shown in Figure 2. In this model, the

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Communication, Principles, Processes, and
Ethics
messages, information, or ideas are sent and received at the same time. Hence, the
sender and the receiver become active during the process, and both serve as
communicators.

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 GE5- Purposive Communication | Module 1 |
Communication, Principles, Processes, and
Ethics

Figure 2.

COMMUNICATION ETHICS
Effective communicators observe ethics. This means that they deal with
values, righteousness, and behavior appropriate for human communication particularly
in a multicultural situation. Below are some of the ethical considerations:

o Uphold integrity.
o Respect diversity of perspective and privacy
o Observe freedom of expression effectively.
o Promote access to communication.
o Be open-minded.
o Develop your sense of accountability.

GUIDELINES FOR EFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

Effective communication plays a crucial role in your personal and professional
success. Below are some guidelines for effective communication:

o Be clear with your purpose.

o Support yourmessage with facts.
o Be concise.
o Provide specific information in your feedback.
o Adjust to the needs, interests, values, and beliefs of your audience.
o Observe communication ethics.
o Be your natural self and appear very confident.

V. Delving Deeper:
Watch the videos below in order to deeply understand the role of communication
in your
field.

1. Keys to a Successful Engineering: The Importance of Effective Communication

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 GE5- Purposive Communication | Module 1 |
Communication, Principles, Processes, and
Ethics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_swfjbiZ3N0

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 GE5- Purposive Communication | Module 1 |
Communication, Principles, Processes, and
Ethics

2. The importance of ‘soft skills’ for engineers

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b74SVc3aS8I

VI. Comprehension Check

Identify at least five situations where transactional model of communication
can take place. For each situation, identify the elements of communication
(context, sender-receiver, message, channel, and barrier.) For high-level and medium-
level technology students, please post your answer on our Facebook group. Please
feel free to comment on the work of your classmates. For low-level technology
students, please submit your answers in a whole page of paper.

Context Sender-Receiver Message Channel Barriers

1.Roselle is a Sender: Roselle, the "Ms. Tormes, I'm Email. Roselle Psychological
student in Ms. student. writing to request sends an email to Barriers and
Tormes English an extension on the Ms. Tormes Semantic Barriers
class. She has a Receiver: Ms. essay due
lot of work due Tormes, the tomorrow. I have a
this week, lot of work due this
including a teacher.
major essay for week and I won't be
Ms. Tormes able to finish the
class. essay on time. I'd be
grateful if you could
grant me an
extension until
Friday."
2.A candidate is Sender: The I'm passionate In-person interview Psychological
interviewing for a candidate about digital (verbal Barriers, Noise ,
marketing Receiver: the marketing and have communication). Semantics
position at a tech manager a proven track
company. record of success in
Canva. I'm eager to
contribute to your
company's growth."
3.Lala is Sender:Lala "I ordered a Tsquare Phone call (verbal Technological
experiencing a Receiver: the on July 7 2024 and communication). Barriers,
problem with a customer service it arrived damaged. Psychological
product she representative I'd like to request a Barriers, Semantic
recently replacement or a Barriers, Noise
purchased online. refund."
4.Jude and Sender: Jude, "Hey, want to go to Text message Technological
Christy are suggesting a fun the new coffee shop (written Barriers,
making plans for activity. downtown communication). Psychological
the weekend. Receiver: Christy, tomorrow? They Barriers
responding to the have amazing
suggestion. pastries!"
5.Black pink is Sender: Blackpink Catch us live at Social media Technological
promoting their or their Araneta on July 7 platform (e.g., Barriers,
upcoming management team. 2024! Tickets are on Facebook, Psychological
concert. - Receiver: Fans and sale now at Instagram) (textual Barriers and
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Communication, Principles, Processes, and
Ethics
potential concert Ticketworld. Don't and visual Semantic Barriers
attendees. miss out!" communication).

VII. Reflection:

Reflect on the learning that you gained from this lesson by completing the
given chart. You may post your reflection on our Facebook group. For low-level
technology students, please submit your answers in a whole page of paper.

What were your misconceptions about What new or additional learning have
the topic prior to taking up this lesson? you gained from this lesson in terms
of skills, content, and attitude.
I thought communication is simply about I learned that in skills , enhanced
sending and receiving information. But in understanding of context i've become much
reality effective communication goes
beyond simply transmitting information. It better at recognizing the context of a
involves understanding the receiver's communication, including the audience,
perspective, building relationships, and purpose, and cultural nuances. This allows
adapting your message to the context. And me to tailor my responses more effectively.
I thought verbal communication is more
important than nonverbal communication in In content deeper knowledge of
reality nonverbal communication (body communication principles and processes i
language, tone of voice, facial expressions) gained more comprehensive understanding
can be just as impactful, if not more so, of the principles that govern effective
than words. They convey emotions and communication, including active listening,
attitudes that words alone can't express.
And communication is easy. In reality feedback, and conflict resolution. And
effective communication takes practice, expanded understanding of verbal and
effort, and awareness. It requires nonverbal communication I've learned to
understanding how to express yourself recognize the subtle cues in both verbal and
clearly, actively listen, and adapt your nonverbal communication, including body
approach to different situations and
cultures. language, tone of voice, and facial
expressions. This allows me to interpret
and respond to messages more accurately.
In attitude you can Increased appreciation
for the importance of communication,I now
have a deeper understanding of how
communication shapes our relationships,
our work, and our lives. This has led to a
greater appreciation for the value of
effective communication.

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