DBMS

UNIT 1

1. List six major steps that you would take in setting up a database for
a particular enterprise.
2. Differentiate between File system and DBMS?
3. Describe the different types of DBMS users
4. What are the applications of DBMS? Explain in detail.
5. What is a data model? What are the different data models? Explain E
R model and relation model briefly.
6. Explain the difference between physical and logical data
independence.?
7. Explain about three tier architecture in database
8. A company database needs to store information about employees
(identified by ssn, with salary and phone as attributes); departments
(identified by dno, with dname and budget as attributes); and
children of employees (with name and age as attributes). Employees
work in departments; each department is managed by an employee;
a child must be identified uniquely by name when the parent (who is
an employee; assume that only one parent works for the company)
is known. We are not interested in information about a child once
the parent leaves the company. Draw an ER diagram that captures
9. A company database needs to store information about employees
(identified by ssn, with salary and phone as attributes); departments
(identified by dno, with dname and budget as attributes); and
children of employees (with name and age as attributes). Employees
work in departments; each department is managed by an employee;
a child must be identified uniquely by name when the parent (who is
an employee; assume that only one parent works for the company)
is known. We are not interested in information about a child once
the parent leaves the company. Draw an ER diagram that captures
10. A university registrar’s office maintains data about the
following entities: (a) courses, including number, title, credits,
syllabus, and prerequisites; (b) course offerings, including course
number, year, semester, section number, instructor(s), timings, and
classroom; (c) students, including student-id, name, and program;
and (d) instructors, including identification number, name,
department, and title. Further, the enrollment of students in courses
and grades awarded to students in each course they are enrolled for
must be appropriately modeled. Construct an E-R diagram for the
registrar’s office. Document all assumptions that you make about
the mapping constraints
11. Although you always wanted to be an artist, you ended up
being an expert on databases because you love to cook data and
you somehow confused `data base' with `databaste.' Your old love is
still there, however, so you set up a database company, Art Base,
that builds a product for art galleries. The core of this product is a
database with a schema that captures all the information that
galleries need to maintain. Galleries keep information about artists,
their names (which are unique), birthplaces, age, and style of art.
For each piece of artwork, the artist, the year it was made, its
unique title, its type of art (e.g., painting, lithograph, sculpture,
photograph), and its price must be stored. Pieces of artwork are also
classified into groups of various kinds, for example, portraits, still
lifes, works by Picasso, or works of the 19th century; a given piece
may belong to more than one group. Each group is identified by a
name (like those above) that describes the group. Finally, galleries
keep information about customers. For each customer, galleries
keep their unique name, address, total amount of dollars they have
spent in the gallery (very important!), and the artists and groups of
art that each customer tends to like. Draw the ER diagram for the
database?
12. Explain the types of attributes available in entity relational
model?
13. Describe the Key Constraints with Employee Department
example with ER model?
14. What is Generalization and how it is implemented using ER?
15. Explain about the specialization with an example?

UNIT 2

1. What are Dr.E.F.Coddlaws for fully functional relational database

management systems? Explain.
2. What is relational model? Explain the concepts of domain,
attribute and relation with an example.
3. What are NULL values? How do they affect the meaning of
queries? Can a foreign key value in a database be NULL or
Duplicates? Justify your answer
4. Explain the selection and projection operations with examples?
5. Define the different types of joining techniques applied on
multiple relations with example?
6. a) Write a TRC query to get all the data of customers whose zip
code is 12345. b) Write a TRC query to get the customer id of all
the Customers
7. Design the schema for the University database
 8. Give the form of a basic SQL query. Write SQL queries to
demonstrate the usage of SQL date and time data types and
functions
9. Write SQL Queries for following set of tables: EMPLOYEE (EmpNo,
Name, DoB, Address, Gender, Salary, DNumber) DEPARTMENT
(DNumber, Dname, ManagerEmpNo, ManagerJoingdate).
i)Create the above table using create command

ii)Display the description

iii) insert the 5 rows in each table

iv) display the two tables?

v) Delete the two employees from employee table

10. Explain the syntax of various DML commands with suitable

examples.
11. Explain about DDL, DML commands with suitable examples

UNIT 3

1. Discuss in brief about arithmetic and logic operations in SQL?

2. Give the form of a basic SQL query. Write SQL queries to
demonstrate the usage of SQL date and time data types and
functions.
3. Explain the standard functions provided by SQL for String
manipulation
4. Explain about Different types of Functions in SQL?
5. Consider the following relational database. Give an expression in
SQL for each of the following queries. employee (employee-name,
street, city) works (employee name, company-name, salary)
company (company-name, city) manages (employee-name,
manager-name)
a. Find the names of all employees who work for First Bank
Corporation.
b. Find the names and cities of residence of all employees who work
for First Bank Corporation.
c. Find the names, street addresses, and cities of residence of all
employees who work for First Bank Corporation and earn more than
$10,000.
d. Find all employees in the database who live in the same cities as
the companies for which they work.
e. Find all employees in the database who live in the same cities and
on the same streets as do their managers.
f. Find all employees in the database who do not work for First Bank
Corporation.
 6. Consider the following schema Customer (custId: Number,
custName: String, city: String) Order_Details(ordNo: Number,
purAmt: Number,ordDate: Date, custId:Number)
i) Write a SQL query to display those customers who belongs to the
city “Hyderabad” and last purchase amount is less than Rs.1000/-.
ii) Write a SQL statement to exclude the rows which satisfy a) order
dates are 01-01-2023 and purchase amount is below Rs.500/- b)
customers city is “Hyderabad” and purchase amount is below
Rs.500/-
7. Consider the following Relational schemas, Sailors (sid: Integer,
sname: String, age: Integer, rating: Integer) Boats (bid: Integer,
bname: String, bcolor: String) Reserves (sid: Integer, bid: Integer,
date: Date) Write the following queries in SQL i) Find the names of
sailors with Third highest rating
ii) Find the age of youngest sailor who is eligible to vote (18 years
age) for each rating level with at least 2 sailors.
8. Consider the following Relational schemas, Sailors (sid: Integer,
sname: String, age: Integer, rating: Integer) Boats (bid: Integer,
bname: String, bcolor: String) Reserves (sid: Integer, bid: Integer,
date: Date) Write the following queries in SQL i) find the names of
sailors who have reserved a red and a green boat
ii) find the names of sailors who have reserved all boats
9. Explain the following SQL constructs with examples: (i) order by (ii)
group by (iii) and having
10. Discuss about how add the constraints at table level and
column level with an example
11. What are nested queries? What is correlation in nested
queries? How would you use the operators IN, EXISTS, UNIQUE, ANY,
and ALL in writing nested queries? Explain with example
12. Explain in brief about different types of joins in SQL
13. Explain about the complex views and how they are
implemented in SQL?
14. Explain about Relational Set operators with some examples?

UNIT 4

1. What are the problems or anomaly’s caused by redundancy?

Discuss in detail. [4M] [R20, SET 3, January 2023]
2. Define functional dependency and full, partial, transitive, multi-
valued, trivial?
3. In a schema with attributes A, B, C, D and E the following set of FD’s
are given A→B, A→C, CD→E, B→D, E→A. Find CD→AC determines
from the given FDs or not
4. Compute the closure of the following set F of functional
dependencies for relation schema R = (A, B, C, D, E). A→BC, CD →E,
B→ D, E → A List the candidate keys for R.
5. Find the equivalence of two sets of FDs

6.

7.
8. Discuss the BCNF and 4th normal form with examples. [7M] [R20,
SET 4, January 2023]
9. Why is a relation that is in 3NF generally considered good? Explain?
10. Identify the highest normal form the given relation R(ABCDE)
using FDs
{AB->CDE, D->A}
11. Explain the following: i) Surrogate Key ii) Super key iii)
spurious tuples [7M]
 12. Discuss the loss-less join and dependency preserving
properties. [7M] [R20, SET 2, January 2023]

UNIT 5

1. What are ACID properties? Define with examples.

2. Explain different types of locks used in concurrency control.
3. Write about the anomalies that can be caused by concurrent access
to same data object
4. What is a locking protocol? Describe the Strict Two-Phase Locking
protocol.
5. Explain about the conflict serializability and view serializability?
6. Write short notes on: i) Primary index ii) Clustered index iii)
Secondary index.
7. Construct a B+ tree of order 3 for the following set of key values:
1,2,5,8,10,13,18,21,26,37. Assume that the tree is initially empty
and elements are entered in the given order.
8. How to achieve dynamic multilevel indexing using B Trees? Explain.
9. Explain the difference between Hash indexes and B+ tree indexes.
10. Differentiate between dense and sparse indices with an
example?