SDLC
The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a framework that defines a
structured process for planning, developing, testing, deploying, and maintaining
software applications.
Here's a breakdown of the SDLC process step-by-step:
1. Planning and Requirement Gathering:
This stage involves defining the project goals, identifying stakeholders, and
outlining the features and functionalities of the software.
Techniques like user interviews, workshops, and document analysis are used to
gather requirements.
Business prerequisites are acknowledged in this phase.
Meetings with supervisors, partners and customers are held to decide the
prerequisites like:
Who is going to use the software application?
How is the software application going to be used?
What information is the software going to process?
These are general inquiries that get replied during the prerequisite’s
acknowledgment stage.
A Requirement Specification document is then created to serve the purpose of
guideline for the next phase of the cycle. It usually consists of the following:
Functional Requirement Specification
Business Requirement Specification
Client/Customer Requirement Specification
User Requirement Specification
Business Design Document
Business Document
2. Requirement Analysis:
Collected requirements are analyzed for feasibility, clarity, and completeness.
In this stage, the project scope is defined, and a System Requirements
Specification (SRS) document is created.
SRS: is a document outlining a system's functionalities, performance
expectations, and constraints.
3. Design:
Based on the SRS, the software architecture is designed. This involves defining
the system components, interfaces, and data flow.
Tools like flowcharts, UML diagrams, and wireframes are used for design.
4. Development (Coding):
The actual coding of the software application takes place in this stage.
Developers translate the design into functional code using programming
languages.
5. Testing:
The developed software is rigorously tested to identify and fix bugs and ensure
it meets the specified requirements.
Different testing methodologies like unit testing, integration testing, and
system testing are employed.
6. Deployment:
The tested software is released to the end-users. This may involve installing the
software on user machines or making it available online.
7. Maintenance:
After deployment, the software is monitored and updated to fix bugs, address
new requirements, and improve performance.
It's important to note that the SDLC is an iterative process. Stages may
overlap, and the project may revisit previous stages based on findings in later
stages.
Different SDLC models are followed based on project requirements and team
preferences. Some popular models include:
Waterfall Model: A linear, sequential approach where each stage must be
completed before moving to the next.
Agile Model: An iterative and incremental approach where requirements are
delivered in small working pieces.
Spiral Model: Combines elements of the waterfall and iterative models, with
risk assessment at each stage.
RAD MODEL-
INCREMENTAL -
Choosing the right SDLC model depends on various factors like project
complexity, budget, and team expertise.
Here are some of the most popular SDLC models in industry:
Waterfall
Agile
Iterative
Spiral
Rapid Application Development
Prototyping
