Course: Distributed and Cloud Computing
(20ECSC305)
The Platform Evolution
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 2
Computing paradigms
• Centralized computing: This is a computing paradigm by which all
computer resources are centralized in one physical system.
• Parallel computing: In parallel computing, all processors are either tightly
coupled with centralized shared memory or loosely coupled with
distributed memory.
• Distributed computing: This is a field of computer science/engineering
that studies distributed systems which consists of multiple autonomous
computers, each having its own private memory, communicating through
a computer network
• Cloud computing: An Internet cloud of resources can be either a
centralized or a distributed computing system. The cloud applies parallel
or distributed computing, or both.
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 3
HPC and HTC systems
• Both HPC and HTC systems emphasize parallelism and distributed
computing.
• Future HPC and HTC systems must be able to satisfy this huge demand in
computing power in terms of throughput, efficiency, scalability, and
reliability.
• Meeting these goals requires to yield the following design objectives:
i. Efficiency
ii. Dependability
iii. Adaptation
iv. Flexibility in application development
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 4
The trend toward utility computing
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 5
Virtual Machines and Virtualization Middleware
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 6
Virtual Machine primitive operations
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 7
System Models For Distributed And Cloud Computing
• Clusters of Cooperative Computers
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 8
System Models For Distributed And Cloud Computing
• Computational Grids
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 9
System Models For Distributed And Cloud Computing
• Peer-to-Peer Network Families
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 10
System Models For Distributed And Cloud Computing
• Cloud Computing over the Internet
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 11
Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing
Classical Computing • Subscribe
• Buy & Own • Use
• Hardware, System Software,
Applications often to meet
Every 18 months?
peak needs.
• Install, Configure, Test, Verify,
Evaluate
• Manage
• .. • $ - pay for what you use, based on QoS
• Finally, use it
• $$$$....$(High Cap Ex)
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 12
The Cloud Landscape
• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): This model puts together
infrastructures demanded by users namely servers, storage, networks, and
the data center fabric. The user can deploy and run on multiple VMs
running guest OS es on specific applications.
• Platform as a Service (PaaS): This model enables the user to deploy user-
built applications onto a virtualized cloud platform. PaaS includes
middleware, databases, development tools.
• Software as a Service (SaaS): This refers to browser-initiated application
software over thousands of paid cloud customers. The SaaS model applies
to business processes, industry applications, consumer relationship
management (CRM) and collaborative applications.
07-02-2022 School of Computer Science and Engineering 13
Thank you
