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Equality Notes

The document discusses the concept of equality in India, emphasizing its importance in democracy and the existence of inequality despite constitutional guarantees. It highlights real-life examples of social and economic disparities faced by individuals like Kanta Devi and Omprakash Valmiki, as well as government efforts to promote equality through various schemes. Additionally, it draws parallels with inequality in other democracies, such as the USA's Civil Rights Movement.

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46 views2 pages

Equality Notes

The document discusses the concept of equality in India, emphasizing its importance in democracy and the existence of inequality despite constitutional guarantees. It highlights real-life examples of social and economic disparities faced by individuals like Kanta Devi and Omprakash Valmiki, as well as government efforts to promote equality through various schemes. Additionally, it draws parallels with inequality in other democracies, such as the USA's Civil Rights Movement.

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jjckq5x44n
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

Meaning of Equality
● Equality means a condition where adequate opportunities are given to all
individuals.
● It is the soul of Indian democracy and influences all aspects of its functioning.

2. Universal Adult Franchise


● All adults (18 years and above) have the right to vote, regardless of religion,
caste, education, economic status, or place of birth.
● Known as Universal Adult Franchise, it ensures political equality.
● However, it does not guarantee social or economic equality.

3. Does Equality Exist in Reality?


● Inequality persists despite constitutional provisions.
● Major gaps exist between rich and poor.
● The caste system remains rigid and discriminatory.
● Dalits and minorities often face social exclusion and lack of dignity.

4. Real-Life Examples of Inequality

a) Kanta Devi’s Story


● Kanta Devi, a domestic worker , votes like everyone else and feels equal in the
polling booth.
● However, in daily life , she faces social and economic inequality .

b) Omprakash Valmiki’s Experience


● A Dalit writer , Omprakash wrote in *Joothan* how he was made to sweep the
school grounds .
● His dignity was violated due to caste-based discrimination .

c) The Ansaris’ Incident


● Ansaris , a Muslim couple, were denied housing due to their religion .
● This reflects religious discrimination and violation of dignity .
5. Equality in the Indian Constitution
● Declares that every person is equal before the law.
● No discrimination allowed on basis of caste, religion, race, gender, or place of
birth.
● Untouchability has been abolished .
● Everyone has access to public places .
● However, legal equality does not eliminate social/economic inequality .

6. Government Efforts to Promote Equality


● Uses laws and welfare schemes to reduce inequality.
●
● Mid-Day Meal Scheme provides free food in government elementary schools.
● Aims to improve attendance, nutrition , and reduce caste-based discrimination .

● Job opportunities for many dalit women.

7. Inequality in Other Democracies


● In the USA , African-Americans faced racial discrimination .
● Civil Rights Movement (1950s–60s) led by Rosa Parks demanded equal rights
.
● Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned discrimination based on race, religion, or origin
.

8. Key Terms
● Universal Adult Franchise : Right of all adults (18+) to vote.
● Dalit : Means 'broken' ; refers to historically marginalized groups.
● Dignity : Being worthy of respect and honour .
● Constitution : The legal document defining rights and laws of the country.
● Civil Rights Movement : A struggle in the USA for equal rights for African-
Americans.

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