EX 11a.
replace a specific word with the given word in the file
AIM: To Write a C program to find and replace all occurrences of a word in file.
Algorithm:
1. Open source file in r (read) mode, store its reference to fptr.
2. Create a temporary file fTemp in w (write) mode. Store its reference to fTemp.
3. Input old word and new word to replace, from user. Store both
in oldWord and newWord respectively.
4. Read a line from source file, store line read in buffer.
5. Find next occurrence of oldWord in buffer, store its reference in some variable say pos.
6. Copy string buffer to a temporary variable say temp.
7. Find index of first occurrence of oldWord in buffer using pointer arithmetic index = pos -
buffer.
8. Mark index at which first occurrence of oldWord is found as string termination
with NULL character. Use buffer[index] = '\0';.
9. Concatenate string buffer with new word to replace with, say strcat(buffer, newWord);.
10. Concatenate string buffer with remaining words after old word to replace,
say strcat(buffer, temp + index + owlen);. Where owlen is length of oldWord string.
11. Repeat steps 5-10 till occurrence of oldWord is found in buffer. Otherwise goto step 12.
12. Write string buffer to file fTemp.
13. Repeat step 3 till end of source file.
14. Close all files to save changes.
Program:
/* C program to find and replace all occurrences of a word in file. */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1000
int main()
{
/* File pointer to hold reference of input file */
FILE * fPtr;
FILE * fTemp;
char path[100];
char *pos, temp[BUFFER_SIZE];
int index = 0;
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
char oldWord[100], newWord[100];
int owlen;
printf("Enter path of source file: ");
scanf("%s", path);
printf("Enter word to replace: ");
scanf("%s", oldWord);
printf("Replace %s with: ",oldWord);
scanf("%s", newWord);
/* Open all required files */
fPtr = fopen(path, "r");
fTemp = fopen("replace.txt", "w");
/* fopen() return NULL if unable to open file in given mode. */
if (fPtr == NULL || fTemp == NULL)
{
/* Unable to open file hence exit */
printf("\nUnable to open file.\n");
printf("Please check whether file exists and you have read/write privilege.\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
/*
* Read line from source file and write to destination
* file after replacing given word. */
while ((fgets(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, fPtr)) != NULL)
{
// Replace all occurrence of word from current line
owlen = strlen(oldWord);
// Fix: If oldWord and newWord are same it goes to infinite loop
if (! strcmp(oldWord, newWord)) {
break;
}
while ((pos = strstr(buffer, oldWord)) != NULL)
{
// Backup current line
strcpy(temp, buffer);
// Index of current found word
index = pos - buffer;
// Terminate str after word found index
buffer[index] = '\0';
// Concatenate str with new word
strcat(buffer, newWord);
// Concatenate str with remaining words after
// oldword found index.
strcat(buffer, temp + index + owlen);
}
// After replacing write it to temp file.
fputs(buffer, fTemp);
}
/* Close all files to release resource */
fclose(fPtr);
fclose(fTemp);
printf("\nSuccessfully replaced all occurrences of '%s' with '%s'.", oldWord, newWord);
fclose(fPtr);
fclose(fTemp);
return 0;
}
INPUT: file.txt
I am at SCE.
C is a high level programming language.
Programming with files is fun.
Learning C programming at lab is easy and fun.
OUTPUT:
Enter path of source file: E:\C_programming\arrays\strings\file.txt
Enter word to replace: is
Replace is with: ez
Successfully replaced all occurrences of 'is' with 'ez'.
After the replacement of is with ez
Replace.txt
I am at SCE.
C ez a high level programming language.
Programming with files ez fun.
Learning C programming at lab ez easy and fun.
