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CA EC8251 UNIT IV Transient Analysis: Key Concepts and

Calculations
Circuit Analysis (Anna University)

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UNIT IV Transient Analysis

Part – A

1. What is meant by transient response?(Dec’08)

 Energy storing elements like inductor and capacitor deliver their energy to the resistors.
 Hence the response changes with time, gets saturated after some time, and is referred to
as the transient response.

2. Define natural response. (Dec’08)

 When we consider a circuit containing storage elements which are independent of the
sources, the response depends upon the nature of the circuit and is called the natural
response.
3. Define time constant of RL and RC circuits. (Dec’09, Jun’14, Jun’16) or What is the
time constant for series RL and RC circuits? (Nov/dec 17)
RL Circuit:
 The time constant of RL circuit is defined as the period during which the current rises to
63.22% of its final value.
 Time constant for RL series circuit τ = L/R
RC Circuit:
 The time constant of RC circuit is defined as the period during which the current rises to
36.8% of its final value.
 Time constant for RC series circuit τ= RC

4. Calculate the time constant for RC circuit having R=1KΩ, C=1µF. (Apr’05)
Time constant for RC series circuit τ = RC
= 1x10-3x1x10-6
=1msec

[Link] the time constant for RL circuit having R=10Ω, L=20mH. (Apr’05).
L
Time constant for RL series circuit τ =
R
( )

=2 msec

6. Define power factor in terms of Load Parameters. (Nov’05).

R
Power factor =
Z

7. What is damping ratio in Transient Analysis? (Jul’09)

 It is the ratio of actual resistance R in the circuit to the critical resistance (Rcr). It is
denoted by Zeta ζ
R R C
 =( )=
Rcr 2 L

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8. Define rise time. (Jul’09)

 It is the time required for the response to rise from 10% to 90% of final value for over
damped system and 0 to 100% of final value for under damped system.

9. Write the expression for transient current for series RL and RC circuits. (May’08)
For RL circuit:
( ) ( )

For RC circuit:
( )

[Link] a series RLC circuit, L = 2 H, C = 5 Determine the value of R to give critical

damping. (Dec’09, May’13, Jun’16)
For critical damping,
L 2
R= 2 =2
C 5 =1265Ω

[Link] down the few applications of RL, RC and RLC circuits.

(i) Coupling circuits (iv) Resonance circuits
(ii) Phase shift circuits (v) AC bridge circuits
(iii) Filters (vi) Transformers

12. What is the difference between steady state value and transient value? (Dec’09)
 If a network containing energy storage elements, with change is excitation the currents
and voltages change from one state to other state is called the transient state.
 A circuit containing of current sources is said to be in steady state if the voltages and
currents do not change with time.

13. Distinguish between natural and damped frequency. (May 14)

 The oscillation of the system during un-damped condition is called as natural frequency
of oscillation (ωn) and the oscillation of the system during damped condition is called as
damped frequency (β)

14. Under what conditions, the response of RLC series circuit for step input is (a) under
damped (b) over damped (c) Critical damping
 The response of RLC series circuit for step input is said to be under damped
when( ) ( ) .
 The response of RLC series circuit for step input is said to be over damped when

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( ) .
( )
 The response of RLC series circuit for step input is said to be critical damped when

( ) .
( )

15. Find the Laplace transform of ( ) ( ) ( ) (Jun’09, Dec’10, Dec’12)

( ) ( ) ( )
Taking on L.T on both sides,
( )

16. Write the integer – differential equation of RLC series circuit with supply voltage E.
(May’09)
∫

17. A series RL circuit with R = 100Ω and L = 20H has a dc voltage of 200V applied
through a switch at t = 0. Assuming the initial current through the inductor current at
t = 0 is zero, find the current at t = 0.5sec. (Jun’10)
Solution:
( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )
At time, t = 0.5 sec.
( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 4

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( )

18. What is the condition to the present in a series RLC circuit to make the circuit critically
damped?(Nov’12)

( ) ( )
 That is discriminate zero
 This is the condition to make circuit critically damped in a series RLC circuit.

19. Write the purpose of Laplace transformation in the circuit analysis. (Nov’13)
 It provides very simple way of solving the complicated integral – differential time
domain equations by converting them into simple algebraic equations in the frequency
domain. And also complex and time consuming method.

20. Find the time constant of RL circuit having R=10 Ω and L=0.1mH. (May’13)
R=10Ω and L=0.1mH
Time constant = L/R = (0.1 x 10-3)/10

Time constant = 10µsec.

21. Sketch the transient current i(t) Vsthegraph for a series RL circuit. (May’12)
( ) ( )

22. Consider two cases of RC parallel circuit shown below,

First case when DC voltage is applied and second case when AC voltage is applied.
Compare how the capacitor gets charged in the two cases. (May’12)
For DC,Q=CV

For AC,Q=CVmSinωt

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MAILAM ENGINEERING COLLEGE UNIT 4/CIRCUIT ANALYSIS/TRANSIENT ANALYSIS

23. What is meant by transient time? (Nov’13)

 The time taken for the circuit to change from one steady state to another steady state is
called the transient time.

24. A 50μF capacitor is discharged through a 100KΩ resistor. If the capacitor is initially
charged to 400V, determine the initial energy. (Dec’14)
EC= CE2

=½ x 50 x 10-6 x 4002

= (50 x 0.000001 x 160000)/2

EC=4 W

25. A RLC series circuit has R=10Ω, L = 2H, What value of capacitance will make the
circuit critical damping? (Dec’16)
Under critical damping conditions ,
= ,LC = , C= ,C= ,C= = = 0.08 F
( )

26. Determine the Laplace transform of unit step function u(t) and sinusoidal function
sin(ωt) (Dec’16).
Laplace transform of unit step function u(t) = U(S)
1
=
S

Laplace transform of sinusoidal function sin(ωt) =
S  2
2

27. Define time constant for RL circuit. Draw the transient current characteristics.
(Apr/May 17)
RL Circuit:
The time constant of RL circuit is defined as the period during which the current rises to
63.22% of its final value.
Time constant for RL series circuit τ = L/R
Transient current characteristics.

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 6

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PART – B

1. Derive the expression for series RL transient circuit.(Nov’12, May’13)

Solution:

Assume that the switch is closed at time t = 0, and also assume that at the time of switching the
current is zero.

Applying KVL for the loop,

( )

This differential equation may be solved by using Laplace transformation technique.

Taking Laplace transforms on both sides of the equation.

( ) [ ( ) ( )] ( )

We know that just before closing the switch, the current ( )

Equation (2) reduces to

( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
[ ]
Taking partial fraction,

[ ]

( )
Put

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 7

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Put

( ) ( )
( )
( )

( ) [ ]
I(s) [ ]
Taking inverse Laplace transform on both sides,
[ ( )] ( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( )

The current is said to rise exponentially. The final value of the current may be obtained by
substituting in the equation for ( ).
( )
To determine the current at any time after the switch has been closed, we have to substitute t =
in the equation of i(t).
Consider

( ) ( )

( )

( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 8

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RL Decay Transients:

 The switch S is previously in position 1 and has been there till steady state conditions are
reached.
 The current then flowing is the switch is turned to position 2 which
removes the source and points a short circuit in the RL series branch.
Applying KVL,
( )

This equation is to be solved subject to the initial condition ( )

Taking Laplace transform on the both sides,
( ) [ ( ) ( )]
( )[ ]

( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( )
Taking inverse Laplace transforms,
( ) [ ( )]
( ) ( )

( )
The exponential delay of current is an RL circuit is

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At time

( )

For decaying case like this, the time constant is defined as the time required reaching
36.8% of the initial value.

2. A series circuit consists of RC in series with switch and supply voltage E, the capacitor
has initial change . Find the transient voltage ( ) . When the switch is closed at t = 0.
(May’09) [OR] Derive the expression for RC transient. (May’13)
Solution:

Consider the RC series circuit with a DC voltage applied through a switch as shown in figure.
Let the capacitance have an initial charge of coulombs.

The initial voltage on the capacitor

Applying KVL,

If there is no initial change

Taking LT on both sides,

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 10

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( )
( )

( ) ( )

( )
( ) ( )

Taking ( )

( )

( )

The initial value of the current is Amps, and the final steady state value is zero.

Voltage across the resistor

Voltage across the capacitor, ∫ ( )

* + [ ] ( ) ( )

Increases with time when ( )

is equal to the applied voltage and opposing it. The current then becomes zero.

Time constant τ = RC seconds.

( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 11

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( )

The energy stored in the capacitor is obtained by interesting

∫ ( )

[ ]

At t = RC sec,

RC Decaying Transient

Consider the circuit of [Link] switch has been in position 1 for sufficient time to establish
steady state conditions and at t =0 is moved to position 2.
Before the switch is moved to position 2, the capacitor gets charged to the voltage E with the
polarity as shown in figure.

The equation of the circuit is

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 12

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Taking LT on both sides,

( )
( )

( )[ ]

( )
( )

( )

( )

[Link] the expression for RLC transients. (May’12)

Applying KVL,

∫
Assume no initial change on the capacitor

Taking LT on both sides,

( )
( ) [ ( ) ( )]
Assume, ( )
( )
( ) ( )

( )[ ]

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 13

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( )
( )

( )

( )
( )

The roots of the denominator are,

√( )
√( )

Where,

√( )

( )
Discriminated positive,

( )

The two roots are real and distribute,

( )
( ) ( )

( ) ( )
The current is over damped.

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 14

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CASE (2):
Discriminate zero

( )

( )

The two roots are equal,

( )
( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( )
The solution is critically damped.

CASE (3):
Discriminate Negative

( )
The two roots then become complex conjugate. The roots are

( )
( ) ( )

( ) ( )

The current is oscillatory is negative and at the same time decays in a short time as
is always negative.

4.A series RL circuit with R=30 Ω and L=15H has a constant voltage E=60V applied at t=0
as shown in figure. Determine the current i, the voltage across resistor and the voltage
across the inductor.(Dec’10 , Jun’11, Jun’14, Dec’16)

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 15

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Solution:

By applying KVL, We get

Divided by 15,

Taking Laplace transform on both sides,

( ) [ ( ) ( )]
Assuring zero initial conditions,

( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
( )
Taking partial fractions

( ) ( )
( )
Put
( )

Put
( )

( )
Taking inverse Laplace transform, we get
[ ( )] ( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 16

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( )
( ) ( )
Voltage across resistor
( )
( )
Voltage across inductor,

[ ( )]

( )

[Link] the equation for ( ) ( ) in the figure when the switch is closed at t =0
using Laplace transform (May’09)

Solution:
Applying KVL for first loop,
[ ( ) ( )]

[ ( ) ( )]

( ) ( ) ( )
Applying KVL for second loop and assuming zero initial conditions
( )

[ ( ) ( )] ( )

( )
( ) ( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 17

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Taking Laplace transform on both sides,

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Putting the above equation in matrix form

( )
[ ][ ] [ ]
( ) ( )

| |
( )

( ) [ ] ( )

( )
( )
Taking partial fraction,

( )
( )

Put S = 0, ( )

Put , ( )

( )

Taking inverse Laplace transform on both sides,

( )

From equation 1, ( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 18

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( )

( )

[Link] the circuit shown in figure, find the transient voltage across R and L after the switch is
closed at time t = 0. Assume the initial current through the inductor before the switch is
closed 3A.

Solution:
Applying KVL,
( )
( )
( )
( )
Divided by 5,
( )
( )
Taking Laplace transform,
( ) [ ( ) ( )]

( ) [ ( ) ]

( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
( )
Taking partial fraction,

( )
( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 19

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( )

( ) ( )

( )

Taking inverse Laplace transforms,

( )

Voltage across the resistor,

( )

Voltage across the inductor,

( )

7. In the series circuit shown in figure the switch is closed on position 1 at t =0. At t = 1 m
sec, the switch is moved the position 2. Obtain the equations for the current in both
intervals and draw the transient current curve. (Dec’09, Jun’14)(Nov/dec 17)

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 20

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Solution:
When the switch is in position 1,

Applying KVL,
( )
( )
( )
( )
Taking Laplace transform on both sides,
( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
By partial fraction,
( )
( )

( )
Put S = 0,
( )
Put S = ,

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 21

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( )

( )
( )
Taking inverse Laplace transforms,
( )
( ) ( )

When switch is in position 2,

At t = 1 ms, the initial current

( ) (
( )
( ) ( )
Applying KVL,
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
Taking Laplace transform,
( ) [ ( ) ( )]

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
[ ] [ ]

[ ] ( )
y partial fraction

( )
( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 22

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( )
Put S = 0,

( )
Put
( ) ( )

( )

Taking inverse Laplace transforms,

( )
To sketch current curve,

( ) [ ( )]
Here,
( ) ( )

( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )

( ) ( )
Initially the current is zero and raises to 0.44 A and finally reaches 1A at

[Link] the circuit shown in the figure, find the current equation when the switch is changed
from position 1 to position 2 at t =0 (Jun’09)

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 23

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Solution:
At t = 0 initial current flowing through the circuit is,

( ) , because an inductor does not allow sudden changes in current.

When the switch is at position 2

( )
( )

Taking LT,

( ) [ ( ) ( )]

( ) ( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
( )

Taking ( ) ( )

[Link] the circuit shown below switch S is in position 1 for long time and brought to position 2
at time t = 0. Determine the circuit current. (June 09,Nov’13,14)

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 24

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Solution:
After closing the switch to the position 2
Applying KVL,
( )
( )

Taking LT,
( ) [ ( ) ( )]

( )is the current through the circuit just after the switch is at position 2. Since an
inductor does not allow sudden changes in current, this current is equal to the steady state current
when the switch was in position 1 (because switch was in position 1 for long time).

( )

( ) [ ( ) ]

( ) ( )

( )
( )
By partial fraction,

( )
( )

Put S = 0, ( )

Put S , ( ) ( )

( )

Taking ( )

[Link] the circuit shown below. Determine the transient current after switch is closed at t=0,
given that initial charge of 100 µC is stored in the [Link] necessary equations.
(Dec’16)

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 25

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Solution:
The differential equation of the circuit is given by

1 Q
15i +
C  idt - 0 = 50
C
1 100*106
C
15i + idt = 50 +
200*106
1
C
15i + idt = 50.5

Taking Laplace transform on both side

1 I ( S ) 50.5
15I(S)+ =
C S S

 1  50.5
I(S) 15   =
 Cs  S

50.5
I(S)=
1
S (15  )
Cs
50.5
I(S)=
1
(15s  )
C
50.5
I(S)=
1
15( s  )
15C
3.37
I(S)=
1
s
15C
By taking inverse Laplace transform

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 26

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1
( )
i(t)= 3.37e 15C t

Substituting C=200µF
1
( )
i(t)= 3.37e 15*200*106 t

i(t)= 3.37e 333t

11.A series RC circuit consists of a 10 ohm and a capacitor of 0.1F as shown in figure. A
constant voltage of 20V is applied to the circuit at t =[Link] the current equation.
Determine the voltage across the resistor and the capacitor. (May’04, Dec’05)

Solution:
Applying KVL
∫

∫
Taking LT on both sides,
( )
( )

( )[ ]

( ) ( )
( )

( )

Taking

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 27

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( )

[Link] the RC circuit shown in figure the capacitor has an initial change of
When the switch is closed at t = 0, the transient power in the resistor is given by
Find the value of C and the change (Dec’06)

Solution:

Applying KVL, after the switch is closed.

∫

( )
( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )

( )

Taking

( ) ( ) ( )

Transient power in the resistor,

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 28

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( )

Equation (1) is compare with (2),

[Link] the circuit shown in figure, find the transient current when the switch is closed at t =
0. Assume zero initial conditions.(Jun’14)

Solution:
Applying KVL,
( )
( ) ∫

( )
( ) ∫

Taking LT on both sides,

( )
( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 29

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( )[ ]

( )
( )

( )

( )
( )
Taking on both sides,

( )

[Link] the expression for the transient current in the circuit of

figure for the two intervals when the switch is closed at and is
opened at (Dec 2007)

Solution:
When switch is closed at , at that instant remains closed and so the
50 ohm resistor is short circuited.
So no current flows through 50 ohm resistor.

( )
Taking LT on both sides,

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 30

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( ) ( ( ) ( ))

( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
( )
Taking partial fraction,
( )
( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

( )
Taking LT-1 on both sides,
( )

( ) ( )
( )
( )

The switch is opened at t = 0.2sec, the equation for the circuit for
( )

Taking LT on both sides,

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )[ ]

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 31

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( )
( )

( )
( ) ( )

( ) ( )
( )
( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( ) ( )

[Link] the equation for current when the switch is moved from position
1 to position 2at time in the circuit shown in figure. (Dec 2008 –
Trichy)

Solution:

When the switch S is at position 2,

Applying KVL,

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 32

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LT
( ) ( ) ( )

Where ( )the initial current passing through circuit is just after the switch is at
position 2. Since the inductor does not allow sudden changes in currents, ( ) is the
same as the steady state current when the switch is at position 1.

( )
Hence,
( ) ( )

( ) ( )
( )[ ]
( )

( )

AC Circuits

[Link] the expression for RL circuits.

Assume that the initial current is the circuit is zero.

Applying KVL,

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 33

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Taking LT on both sides,

( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
( )( )

( )( )
( )
( )( )( )

( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
When,

( )( )

( )( )

( )

( )

( ) ( )
( )
( )( ) ( )
When,

( )( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 34

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( )( )

( )

( )
( ) ( )

( )
( )
When,

( )( )
( )

( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

( )
( )

( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )

( )
( ) [( ) ( ) ]
( )

( )
( )

[( )( ) ( )( )]
( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 35

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( )
( ) [ ]
( )

( )
( ) [ ]
( )
( )
( ) [ ]
( )

( )
( ) [ ]

( )
( ) [ ]

( )
( ) [ ]
√ √ √ √

( )

From the triangle:

( )
( ) [ ]
√

( )
( ) [ ( )]
√

If the applied voltage is of the form ( ) then in the solution, we substitute

for the value of ( ).

The current is given by

( )
( ) [ ( )]
√

[Link] the expression for RC circuits.

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 36

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Assuming initially relaxed conditions, for

∫
Taking L.T on both sides,
( )
( )
( )

( )[ ]
( )

( )
( )* +

( )
( )* +

( )* +

( )* +

( )
( )( )

( )
( )( )( )
Apply partial fraction,

( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

[( )( )] [( )( )] [( )( )]
When ,

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 37

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( )( )

( )

( )( )

( )

( )

( )
* +

( )
( ) ( )

( )

[ ]
[ ]

[ ]
[ ]
( )

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )

( ) [ ]
( ) ( )
Taking

( ) ( )
( ) + ( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 38

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( ) { [( )( )]

[( )( )]}

{ }

( ) , -
√ √ √

( ) , -
√ √

, ( )-
√ √

( ) ( )
√

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 39

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( ) ( )
√( )

( )

( ) ( )
√

( ) ( )
√

[Link] RLC Transients expression for AC circuit (Dec’10)

Solution:

The switch is the series RLC circuit is closed at t = 0, assume all initial conditions to be zero.
1
∫ ( )

Taking L.T
1 ( )
( ) 2 2

1
( )[ ] 2 2

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 40

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( ) 1
2 2* +

( 2 2 )[ 2 1]

( ) 1
( 2 2) * 2 +

( ) 1
( 2 )( 2 2)

2 2
When 0
2 2

2 1
When 0

2 1
√ 2
4 1
2

2
1
√( )
2 2

The four roots of the denominator are

2
1
√( )
2 2

The type of solution will depend on the value of

2
1
√( )
2

Case (1):
2
1
( )
2
In this case the roots are real and distinct
Case (2):

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 41

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2
1
( )
2
Here the two roots become identical and equal to α only
Case (3):
2
1
( )
2
The roots are complex conjugate.
The expression for the steady state current will be

( ) sin( )
√ 2 ( )2

1
tan ( )

[Link] the circuit shown in figure,determine the complete solution for the current ,when
switch s is closed at t=[Link] coltage is V(t)=100 cos( )

Solution:

Voltage equation of the circuit is ,

( ) ( ) ( )

Taking LT on both sides,

( ) ( )

( )[ ]

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 42

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( )
( )( )

( )( )( )
Taking partial fraction,

( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )

( )( )

C(1000)(-0.2+j)(1000)(-0.2-j)=

C(-0.2+j)(0.2-j)= -1

C= ( =( = -0.96
)( ) )

( )( )

( )( )( )

-1=A(2j2-0.4j)

A= = -(-0.481+j0.096)

( )( )

0.481+j0.096

I(s)= ( ) ( ) ( )

i(t)=[( ) ( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 43

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= ( ) ( )( ) ( )

=0.481( )( ) ( )( )( )

i(t)=0.962 -0.9 Amps

[Link] the circuit shown in figure, find the transient current when the switch is closed at t =
0, and also the initial rate of change of current. Assume zero initial conditions.

Solution:
Applying KVL,
( ) 5
2 ( ) 6 10

Take Laplace transform on both sides,

10
2 ( ) 6 ( )
( 5)

10
( )[2 6 ]
( 5)

10
( )
( 5)(2 6 )

10
6( 5)(2 6 )
5
3
( ) 1
( )( 5)
3

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 44

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5
3
1 1 ( 5)
( )( 5) ( )
3 3

( ) ( )

( )

( )

Substitute the value of A and B in above equation. i.e., in I (S)

( )
( ) ( )

( )

()

Rate of change of current,

()

()

21.A series RL circuit with R=10Ω and L=0.1H is supplied by an input voltage V(t)=10 sin
100t Volts applied at t=0 as shown in fig. Determine the current i, voltage across inductor
.Derive the necessary expression and plot the respective curves.(Nov 16)(Apr/May 17)

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 45

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Applying KVL,10i(t)

( ) ( )

Taking LT on both sides,

( ) ( )

( )[ ]

( )
( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

( )
( )( )
Taking partial fraction,

( )( )

( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 46

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( )( )

( )( )

B=0.353 =0.2496+j0.2496

( )( )

0.353 =-0.2496-j0.2496

( ) ( )
I(s)=( ) ( ) ( )

=0.5 (0.2496+j0.2496) ( )

=0.5 ( )( ) ( )( )

=0.5 ( )( )( ) ( )( )( )

i(t)=0.5 + Amps

[Link] the circuit of figure find the current ( ) assume initial change in the capacitor is
zero. (Dec’07, Dec’09, Nov’13)

Solution:
Applying KVL,
∫

∫
Taking LT on both sides,
( )
( )

( )[ ]

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 47

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( )
( )( )

( )( )

( )( )
( )
( )( )
Taking partial fraction,

( )( )
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )

( )( ) ( )

( )
( )( ) ( )

( )
( )( ) ( )

( ) [( ) ( ) ]

[ ]
√ √ √
( ) ( )

Year / Sem.: I / II Reg. 2017 pg. 48

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