Gender and Development (GAD)
Module Overview:
This module introduces the fundamental concepts, legal frameworks, tools, and practical
applications of Gender and Development (GAD). It emphasizes integrating gender perspectives
in policy-making, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of development
programs and projects.
📝 Lesson 1: Introduction to Gender and Development (GAD)
Lesson Objectives:
Define gender, sex, and development.
Differentiate GAD from WID (Women in Development).
Understand the rationale and goals of GAD.
Key Concepts:
Sex vs. Gender
o Sex: Biological differences (male/female).
o Gender: Socially constructed roles and behaviors.
GAD vs. WID:
o WID: Focused on women’s participation only.
o GAD: Focuses on both women and men and the power dynamics between them.
Goals of GAD:
Promote gender equality.
Address gender-based discrimination.
Mainstream gender into development programs.
📝 Lesson 2: Legal Basis and Frameworks Supporting GAD
Lesson Objectives:
Identify laws and policies that support GAD implementation.
Understand the global and local mandates for gender mainstreaming.
Key Frameworks and Laws:
Philippine Magna Carta of Women (RA 9710)
General Appropriations Act (GAA) – GAD Budget (at least 5%)
CEDAW (Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against
Women)
SDG Goal 5 – Gender Equality
📝 Lesson 3: Gender Mainstreaming and the Harmonized GAD Guidelines (HGDG)
Lesson Objectives:
Explain the process of gender mainstreaming.
Understand the structure and use of the HGDG.
Apply gender analysis in planning and evaluation.
Key Points:
Gender Mainstreaming: Strategy to make gender concerns integral to policies and
programs.
Harmonized GAD Guidelines (HGDG):
o Used to assess gender-responsiveness of programs/projects.
o Composed of Design and PIMME checklists.
Key Tools in HGDG:
o Gender Analysis
o Sex-disaggregated data
o GAD Score Interpretation
📝 Lesson 4: Using the HGDG Design Checklist
Lesson Objectives:
Use the design checklist for GAD integration in project planning.
Score and interpret GAD ratings.
Checklist Components:
Participation and consultation
Gender analysis
Gender equality outcomes
Practical and strategic gender needs
Scoring Guide:
15.0–20.0: Gender-responsive
8.0–14.9: Gender-sensitive
4.0–7.9: Promising GAD prospect
Below 4.0: Fails to address gender issues
📝 Lesson 5: PIMME Checklist – Project Implementation, Management, Monitoring,
and Evaluation
Lesson Objectives:
Integrate gender into project implementation and monitoring.
Use PIMME to evaluate real-time gender responsiveness.
Key Sections:
Box 16 (Implementation & Management): 15 points
o Gender-focused implementation processes
o Capacity-building, feedback mechanisms
Box 17 (Monitoring & Evaluation): 5 points
o Gender-sensitive M&E systems
o Inclusion of sex-disaggregated data
o Addressing emerging gender issues
📝 Lesson 6: Levels of Women’s Empowerment – Longwe’s Framework
Lesson Objectives:
Analyze project impact through empowerment levels.
Apply the framework in evaluating programs.
Five Levels (from lowest to highest):
1. Welfare – Basic needs met
2. Access – Equal opportunity to resources
3. Conscientization – Awareness of gender roles/inequality
4. Participation – Equal decision-making power
5. Control – Balance of power in policy, programs, and resources
📝 Lesson 7: Addressing Practical vs. Strategic Gender Needs
Lesson Objectives:
Differentiate practical and strategic gender needs.
Identify whether a project addresses one or both.
Definitions:
Practical Needs: Immediate needs for daily survival (e.g., water, housing).
Strategic Needs: Long-term needs to transform gender relations (e.g., legal rights, GBV
protection).
📝 Lesson 8: GAD Budgeting and Attribution
Lesson Objectives:
Explain how GAD is funded.
Understand GAD attribution.
Key Points:
Agencies must allocate at least 5% of their budget to GAD.
GAD-attributed projects must show alignment with gender equality outcomes.
GAD Plan and Budget (GPB) must be submitted and monitored by PCW and COA.
📌 Summary of Key Tools:
Tool Purpose
Sex-Disaggregated Data Tracks gender-specific participation/results
Gender Analysis Identifies gender gaps and power relations
HGDG Checklist Measures gender-responsiveness
Longwe Framework Evaluates women’s empowerment
GAD Scorecard Interprets project gender sensitivity/responsiveness
