Introduction to Computer Types of Computer Memory Virtual Memory

Memory
 - Definition: Memory in a computer is used to store data  1. Primary Memory (Volatile):  - Definition: A section of secondary storage (e.g., HDD or SSD) used
as if it were RAM.
and instructions temporarily or permanently.  - RAM (Random Access Memory)
 - Purpose:
 - Importance:  - Cache Memory
 - Extends RAM to handle larger tasks and applications.
2. Secondary Memory (Non-Volatile):

Computer Memory

 - Enables quick access to data.  - Prevents system crashes when RAM is full.
 - Hard Drives (HDD)  - How It Works:
 - Essential for smooth processing and multitasking.
 - Solid-State Drives (SSD)  - Moves inactive data from RAM to a special file (page file/swap
Understanding Types and Functions  - Optical Discs (CD/DVD)
space).

Teacher: Zain ul Abdeen  - Pros:

 3. Tertiary Memory:
 - Cost-effective solution for memory expansion.
Class: Computer Applications  - Cloud Storage
 - Cons:
 - External Drives
 - Slower than physical RAM.
 4. Virtual Memory (Explained on the next slide)  - Performance issues (thrashing) when overused.

Primary Memory Secondary Memory Differences Between RAM and Emerging Technologies in
ROM Memory
 - RAM:  - Hard Drives (HDD):  - Flash Memory:
Feature RAM ROM
 - Temporary storage for active tasks and processes.  - Magnetic storage with large capacity. - Used in USB drives, SD cards.
Data Storage Temporary Permanent
 - Fast but loses data when power is off.  - Solid-State Drives (SSD):  - Cloud Storage:
 - Cache Memory:  - Faster than HDDs, no moving parts. Volatility Volatile Non-Volatile - Access files anytime, anywhere.
 - Stores frequently accessed data for faster retrieval.  - Optical Discs:  - Quantum Memory:
Usage Running applications System boot
 - Located closer to the CPU.  - CDs, DVDs for data storage and media playback. processes  - Future of high-speed data processing.

Conclusion Q&A

 - Memory is a crucial part of computer systems.  - Questions and clarifications.

 - Understanding its types helps optimize computer  - Interactive discussion with the class.
performance.
 - Innovations in memory technology continue to
transform computing.