Syllabus for LLB

Page 1 of 76
 COURSE OUTLINE
SEMESTER - I
COURSE TOTAL
SUBJEC CREDI
CATEGORY SUBJECT NAME CREDIT
T CODE T
S
OPTIONAL 27
129111 Legal Methods 4
COURSE
OPTIONAL
129112 Law of Torts 4
COURSE
OPTIONAL Indian Legal and
129113 4
COURSE Constitutional History
OPTIONAL
129114 Law and Society 4
COURSE
OPTIONAL Legal Language and Legal
129115 4
COURSE Writing
OPTIONAL Law of Consumer Protection
129116 4
COURSE and Motor Vehicles Act
114111 AECC Environmental Studies 3

SEMESTER - II
COURSE CATEGORY TOTAL
SUBJEC CREDI
SUBJECT NAME CREDIT
T CODE T
S
129121 COMPULSORY LAW Law of Contract – I 4 27
129122 COMPULSORY LAW Constitutional Law - I 4
129125 COMPULSORY LAW Criminal Law – I 4
129124 COMPULSORY LAW Company Law – I 4
129123 OPTIONAL LAW Family Law 4
129126 OPTIONAL LAW Intellectual Property Law 4
CLINICAL LEGAL Professional Ethics &
128121 3
Professional Accountability

SEMESTER - III
COURSE TOTAL
SUBJEC CREDI
CATEGORY SUBJECT NAME CREDIT
T CODE T
S
COMPULSORY 27
129131 Law of Contract – II 4
LAW

Page 2 of 76
 COMPULSORY
129132 Constitutional Law – II 4
LAW
COMPULSORY
129133 Jurisprudence 4
LAW
COMPULSORY
129135 Law of Crimes – II 4
LAW
COMPULSORY
129134 Company Law – II 4
LAW
COMPULSORY
129136 Property Law 4
LAW
CLINICAL LAW Drafting, Pleading and
129147 3
COURSE Conveyancing

SEMESTER – IV

COURSE TOTAL
SUBJEC CREDI
CATEGORY SUBJECT NAME CREDIT
T CODE T
S
COMPULSORY 20
Labour and Industrial Law -1 4
129141 LAW
COMPULSORY
Administrative Law 4
LAW
COMPULSORY Civil Procedure Code and
4
LAW Limitation Act
COMPULSORY
Law of Evidence 4
LAW
CLE Alternative Dispute
3
Resolution
AECC Project Presentation on
1
Environmental Studies

SEMESTER - V
TOTAL
SUBJEC CREDI
SUBJECT NAME CREDIT
T CODE T
S
COMPULSORY 25
Labour and Industrial Law -II 4
LAW
COMPULSORY
Public International Law 4
LAW
COMPULSORY
Conciliation and Mediation 4
LAW
129163 OPTIONAL LAW Offences Against Child & 4

Page 3 of 76
 Juvenile Justice
129142 OPTIONAL LAW Competition Law 4
CLINICAL
129167 Moot Court and Internship 3
LEGAL
SEC Internship -I (one month after
2
Sem 4)

SEMESTER - VI
COURSE TOTAL
SUBJEC CREDI
CATEGORY SUBJECT NAME CREDIT
T CODE T
S
COMPULSORY 17
Law of Taxation 4
LAW
OPTIONAL LAW Criminology and Penology 4
OPTIONAL LAW Interpretation of Statutes 4
SEC Public Interest Litigation
129156 1
&Legal Aid Service
SEC Internship -I (two months after
4
Sem 4)

Total no. 30
of Law Total no. of Credits: 143
Courses
Total no. 4
of CLE Total no. of Credits: 12
Courses
Total no. 2
Total no. of Credits: 4
of AECC
Total no. 3
Total no. of Credits: 7
of SEC

DETAIL SYLLABUS
SEMESTER - I
129111 Legal Methods 6

Page 4 of 76
UNIT 1: MEANING AND CLASSIFICATION OF LAWS 10 Hrs.
Meaning and definition; Functions of law; Classification of laws: Public and Private Law,
Substantive and Procedural Law, Municipal and International Law.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit, students will be able to have a conceptual
understand on the meaning of law and to distinguish between the different types of laws.
UNIT 2: SOURCES OF LAW 10 Hrs.
Meaning; Primary and Secondary sources; Custom; Precedent- Categories of precedents,
dissenting and concurring opinion, overruling of judgments, Article 141 of the Constitution;
stare decisis, Ratio decidendi- Tests to determine ratio decidendi, obiter dictum; Legislations,
Juristic writings; Justice, Equity and Good Conscience, International law as a source of
Municipal Law.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to tell the different
sources of law and their relationship inter se.
UNIT 3: LEGAL REASONING 6 Hrs.
Legal materials – Case law, Case Briefing; Statutes, Reports, Journals, Manuals, Digests etc.;
Use of Law Library; Importance of legal research;
New Dimensions in Legal Research- Use of Online Databases and e-resources; Techniques of
Legal Research; Legal writings and citations; Judicial Reasoning; Analogizing – the
application of principles laid down in similar cases, static and dynamic analogy; Case
Synthesis.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit, students will be able to read, analyse and
understand different legal materials, and to narrate the reasoning employed by judges in their
judgements.
UNIT 4: READING AND ANALYSIS OF JUDGEMENTS AND STATUTES10 Hrs.
Reading and analysis of various landmark judgements in Constitutional Law, Criminal Law
and the Law of Torts; FILAC and IRAC methods; Reading and Understanding of Statues-
Aids to the interpretation of Statute (Internal and External Aids)
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit, students will be able to read and analyse
judgments in order to understand the principles laid down in them and to read and interpret
statutes using different aids.
UNIT 5: LEGAL RESEARCH 14 Hrs.
Research – Meaning – Reflective thinking – Dewey-Kelly system – Doctrinal and Non-
Doctrinal Methods – Basic statistical tools
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to understand them
eaning of research and the steps involved in legal research. They will also learn to apply
some basic statistical methods to analyse data.
UNIT 6: BASIC CONCEPTS OF INDIAN LEGAL SYSTEM 10 Hrs

Page 5 of 76
Constitution as the Basic Law; Rule of Law; Separation of Powers; Delegated Legislation;
Judicial system in India- Hierarchy of Courts in India, Jurisdiction of Courts (Territorial,
Pecuniary, Subject Matter); Fora and Tribunals-Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods,
Arbitration, Negotiation, Mediation and Conciliation, LokAdalats.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit, students will be able to discuss the
fundamental concepts underlying Indian law, and appreciate the working of the judicial
system in India.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. A.V. Dicey, An introduction to the Study of the Law of Constitution, Universal Law
Publishing Co., 10th edn. 4th Indian Reprint, 2003
2. B S Hansai, A Critical Study of ADR System: Special Focus on LokAdalat in India
3. Benjamin Cardozo, Nature of Judicial Process, Universal Law Publishing Co., 9th Indian
Reprint 2011
4. Bodenheimer, Jurisprudence; , Universal Law Publishing Co., 7th Indian Reprint, 2011
5. C K Takwani, Lectures on Administrative Law, 4th Edition, 2008, Eastern Book
Company.
6. David Ingram, Law-Key Concepts in Philosophy, Continuum International Publishing
Group, 1st edn. 2006
7. Friedmann, Law in a Changing Society, Universal Law Publishing Co. 4th Indian Reprint
2008
8. G. W. Paton, A Textbook of Jurisprudence, Oxford University Press, 2007

129112 Law of Torts 6

UNIT 1: EVOLUTION DEFINITION, NATURE, SCOPE AND OBJECTS OF LAW OF

TORTS 5 Hrs. Learning Outcome:On completion of this Unit students will be able to
describe tortuous liability in general and distinguish the same from crimes and breaches
of contracts.
Principles of justice equity and good conscience – un-codified character-advantages and
disadvantages; a wrongful act – violation of duty imposed by law, duty which is owed
to people generally (in rem) – damnum sine injuria and injuria sine damno; Tort
distinguished from crime and breach of contract; Changing scope of law of torts:
Principles of Liability – Fault; Wrongful intent; Negligence; Liability without fault; Place
of motive in torts.
UNIT 2: DEFENCES IN ACTIONS FOR TORTS 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On
completion of this Unit students will be able to frame defences to the hypothetical cases
presented to them.

Page 6 of 76
Justification – Volenti non fit injuria; Necessity, private and public; Plaintiffs default; Act
of God; Inevitable accident; Private defense; Statutory authority; Judicial and quasi-
judicial acts; Parental and quasi-parental authority.
Extinguishment of Liability in Certain Situation – Actio personalis moritur cum persona
– exceptions; Waiver and acquiescence; Release; Accord and satisfaction; Limitation.
UNIT 3 – STANDING AND CAPACITY 3 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of
this Unit students will be able to advise whether the suit may be instituted by a
hypothetical plaintiff and whether a suit is maintainable against a hypothetical
defendant.
Who may sue – aggrieved individual – class action – social action group; Statutes
granting standing to certain persons or groups
Who can be sued and who cannot be sued
UNIT 4: VICARIOUS LIABILITY 6 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit
students will be able to find the liability of an employer, a principal or government in
cases of the given hypothetical facts.
Basis, scope and justification; Express authorization; Ratification; Abetment; Special
Relationships: Master and servant – arising out of and in the course of employment –
who is master? – the control test – who is servant? – borrowed servant – independent
contractor and servant, distinguished; Principal and agent; Corporation and principal
officer.
Doctrine of Sovereign Immunity
UNIT 5: TORTS AGAINST PERSONS AND PERSONAL RELATIONS 10 Hrs. Learning
Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss the liability of the
defendant on hypothetical facts.
Assault, battery, False imprisonment; Defamation – libel, slander including law relating to
privileges E-defamation; Marital relations, parental relations, master and servant relations;
Malicious prosecution;
UNIT 6: WRONGS AFFECTING PROPERTY 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion
of this Unit students will be able to discuss the liability of the defendant on hypothetical facts.
Trespass to Land, Trespass ab initio, Dispossession; Nuisance: Definition, Essentials and
Types; Acts Which Constitute Nuisance – Obstructions of Highways, Pollution of Air, Water,
Noise, and Interference with Light and Air.
Movable Property – Trespass to Goods, Detinue, Conversion; Torts Against Business
Interests – Injurious Falsehood, Misstatements, Passing off.
UNIT 7: NEGLIGENCE 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will
be able to find the nature and extent of liability of the defendant on hypothetical facts.
Basic concepts, Theories of negligence, Standards of care, duty to take care, carelessness,
inadvertence, Doctrine of contributory negligence, Res ipsa loquitor and its importance in

Page 7 of 76
contemporary law; Liability due to negligence: different professionals; Liability of common
carriers for negligence; Product liability due to negligence: liability of manufacturers and
business houses for their products. Nervous shock.
UNIT 8: STRICT LIABILITY AND ABSOLUTE LIABILITY 5 Hrs. Learning Outcome:
On completion of this Unit students will be able to fix the liability even in the absence of
negligence in certain cases.
The rule in Rylands v. Fletcher, Liability for harm caused by inherently dangerous industries.
Development of Law beyond Strict Liability Absolute Liability M. C. Mehta vs. UoI.
UNIT 9: LEGAL REMEDIES 5 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students
will be able to fix the liability for torts on a set of hypothetical facts.
Legal remedies, Award of damages – simple, special, punitive. Unliquidated Damages –
Remoteness of damage-foreseeability and directness, Shortened Expectation of Life,
Injunction, Specific restitution of property; Extra-legal remedies- self-help, re-entry on land,
re-caption of goods, distress damage feasant and abatement of nuisance.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Singh, Guru Prasanna. Ratanlal & Dhirajlal's Law of Torts, 26hed. New Delhi: Wadhwa &
Co, 2013.
2. Jones, Michael A. Text book on Torts. New Delhi: Lawman. 1995.
3. Lakshminath, A. and Sridhar M. Ramaswamy lyer's Law of Torts, 10thed. New Delhi:
Lexisnexis, 2007.
4. Weir, Tony. Introduction to Tort Law, 2nded. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
5. Pillai, P. S. A. Law of Tort. 9th ed. Lucknow: Eastern Book-Co., 2004.
6. Dugdale, Anthony, ed. Clerk & Lindsell on Torts, 19th ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell,
2006.
7. Howarth, D. R., Hepple Howarth, and Mathews. Tort: Cases & Materials. London: Oxford
University Press, 2005.
8. Weir, Tony. Case book on Tort. 10th ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2004.

129113 Indian Legal and Constitutional History 6

UNIT: 1 THE EAST INDIA COMPANY AND ITS EARLY SETTLEMENTS IN INDIA
10hrs
Historical background of East India Company, Settlements at Surat, Madras, Bombay and
Calcutta. Judicial system in the settlements

Page 8 of 76
UNIT: 2 ESTABLISHMENT OF CROWN’S COURTS IN INDIA 6 hrs
Charter of 1726, Main Features of the Charter, Mayor’s Courts under the Charters of 1687
and 1726; Working of the Charter, Courts for the Natives
UNIT:3 BEGINNING OF THE ADALAT SYSTEM.(WARREN HASTINGS) 8hrs
Judicial Plan of 1772 and 1774, Judicial Plan of 1780 and its working, reforms by Sir Impey;
Reforms in the Administration of Criminal Justice under Warren Hastings)
UNIT: 4 SUPREME COURTS AT CALCUTTA, MADRAS AND BOMBAY 6hrs
Regulating Act of 1773; Functioning and the difficulties faced by the Supreme Court at
Calcutta.;Raja Nand Kumar Case; The Patna Case; The Kasijora Case. Changes introduced
by the Act of Settlement of 1781
UNIT: 5: ADALAT SYSTEMS UNDER LORD CORNWALLIS 6hrs
The Judicial Plan of 1793 – General features, Reorganization of Courts, Other Reforms.
Evaluation of the Plan of 1793, Reforms by Lord Hastings under the Plan of 1793
UNIT: 6: HIGH COURTS AND THE PRIVY COUNCIL 6hrs
The Act of 1861 and the establishment of High Courts in India, Jurisdiction of the High
Courts, The Working of the Privy Council; Appraisal of the Privy Council
UNIT: 7: LAW AND ITS CODIFICATION 8hrs
The Charter Act of 1833 and the First Law Commission; The Charter Act of 1853 and the
Second, the Third and the Fourth Law Commissions, Development of Personal Laws during
the British period: Personal Laws and Legislation, Adjudication, Legal works on personal
laws.
UNIT: 8: CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF INDIA 10hrs
The Minto Morley Reforms of 1908; the Government of India Act 1919 (the Central
Government, the Provincial Governments, the Provincial Executive – the Diarchy) The
Government of India Act 1935 (Federal Government, the federal court and the Provincial
Government); Constitutional Developments after the Act of 1935 (The Cripps Mission, the
Wavell Plan, the Cabinet Mission of 1946 and the Mountbatten Plan); Indian Independence
Act, 1947.

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Constitutional Assembly Debates
2. M.P. Jain – Outlines of Indian Legal History, Dhanwantra Mechanical and Law Book
House, Delhi.
3. V.D. Kulashreshta’s Landmarks in Indian Legal and Constitutional History by, by
B.M.Gandhi.

Page 9 of 76
4. Dr. M.P.Singh, Outlines of Indian Legal & Constitutional History.
5. Keith A. B. A Constitutional History of India, 1600-1935, 2nd Ed. Allahabad: Central
Depot, 1961.
6. Speeches and Documents on the Indian Constitution 1945 -1947 (2 Vols.) London OUP,
1957.
7. Pylee, M. V. Constitutional History of India (1600 -1950) Bombay: Asia 1967.
129114 Law and Society 6

UNIT 1: RELIGION AND LAW 8 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to have a clear
understanding of the role of religion in Indian polity and the guiding principle of Secularism
in India.
Religions in India; Freedom of Religion and non-discrimination on the basis of Religion;
Religious Minorities and the Law; Rajinder Sachar Committee Report; Secularism as a
solution to Religious conflicts in India; SR Bommai Case.
UNIT 2: REGIONALISM AND LAW 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of the Unit the students will have a better understanding
of Regionalism in Indian Nationalism, its role in matters of education and employment and
identity.
Indian Nationalism and Regionalism; Equality in the matters of employment and Admissions
to educational institutions, Impact of Regional Accommodation of Identity; Measures for
Aboriginal self-governance (VIth Schedule of the Constitution of India.)
UNIT 3: LANGUAGE AND LAW. 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the students will have a better understanding
of the language policy in India.
Language Policy and the Constitution; Constitutional Protection to Linguistic Minorities;
Reorganization of States on Language basis; Implications of the VIIIth Schedule; Language
as a divisive factor.
UNIT 4: WOMEN AND LAW 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the students will have a better understanding
of various issues faced by women in our country and the Constitutional guarantees they have.
Crimes against Women (Domestic Violence, Female Foeticide and Infanticide, Dowry
Harassment, Sexual Offenses, Protection of Women at Work Places); Constitutional
Provisions and Privileges; Role of National Commission for Women.
UNIT 5: CHILDREN AND LAW 7 Hrs.

Page 10 of 76
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the students will have a better understanding
of the issues related to children, such as child labour, sexual exploitation and juvenile justice
and care.
Child Labour, Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986; Legal Protection against
Sexual Exploitation; Adoption of children and related problems; Juvenile Justice (Care and
Protection) Act, 2000; Offenses against children under Indian Penal Code.
UNIT 6: DALITS AND LAW 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the students will have a better understanding
of caste system and the efforts to remove the disabilities attached to varna ashram.
Varnashram Vyavastha; Caste in Hindu and non-Hindu Communities; Legislations related to
Article 17 (Caste Disabilities Removal Act, 1850; Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955; SC &
ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989; Dalit Movements (Jyotiba Phule, Dr. Ambedkar,
Rise of Bahujan Samaj Party)
UNIT 7: TRIBBLS AND LAW 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the students will have a better understanding
of the issues related to the development and displacement of the adivasis and the rights
offered to them under the constitution of India.
Development and Displacement of Tribal’s; Causes for the Spread of Naxalism; The
Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act,
2006; Protection of Tribal lands under the Fifth Schedule to the Constitution of India;
Samatha Case.
UNIT 8: SOCIAL MOVEMENT AND LAW 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the students will have a better understanding
of the various social movements that India has witnessed and their role in community
development.
Social movements and social change; Characteristics, Types and Functions of Social
Movement; Community Development.

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Bhat, P. Ishwara, Law and Social Transformation. Lucknow, Eastern Book Co., 2009.
2. Baxi, Upendra. The Crisis of Indian Legal System. New Delhi: Vikas, 1982.
3. Mahmood, Tahir, Law of India on Religion and Religious Affairs: Introduction, Text &
Cases Law. New Delhi: Universal Law Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2008.
4. Rao, M.S.A, Social Movements and Social Transformation. New Delhi: Manohar, 1987.
5. Deva, Indra ed., Sociology of Law. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2005.
6. Bhatnagar, R.P., Law and Language. Delhi: Macmillan, 1999.

Page 11 of 76
 129115 Legal Language and Legal Writing 6

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION: LANGUAGE AND THE LAW 10 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit, students will be equipped with an
understanding of the interplay between language and the law, the flaws in legal language and
the significance of the language of the law.
UNIT 2. LEGAL COMPREHENSION (SELECT JUDGEMENTS) 10 Hrs.
A study of several landmark decisions delivered by the Apex Court aimed at familiarising
students with some fundamental and well established legal principles that guide the Indian
legal system.
UNIT 3: LEGAL MAXIMS 13 Hrs.
A study of 25 Latin maxims of particular importance, with a view to familiarizing students
with principles of law enshrined therein.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the meanings
of Latin maxims, elucidate fundamental legal concepts and principles through them, as also
use them in advocacy.
UNIT 4.USE OF WORDS AND PHRASES IN LEGAL WRITING 7 Hrs.
A study of a selection of common legal terms, as used within and outside the legal context.
UNIT 5. GENERAL PRINCIPLES GOVERNING LEGAL DRAFTING 3 Hrs.
A study of the general rules and guidelines to be adhered to while writing and communicating
in a formal legal manner
Learning Outcome: This Unit seeks to impart to students the tools and techniques necessary
to communicate cogently, concisely, and persuasively as lawyers.
UNIT 6: BASIC LEGAL DRAFTING 5 Hrs.
A practically oriented Unit intended to introduce students to elementary drafting.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to draft simple notices
and pleadings.
UNIT 7: ACADEMIC LEGAL WRITING 12 Hrs.
General principles of academic legal writing, through the study of eminent authors’ works, as
well as practical writing exercises.
Learning Outcome: This Unit seeks to place emphasis on developing students’ academic
research and writing skills, so as to enable them to write effective academic legal papers.
Research papers; Precis; Case Comments & Case Briefs; Student Articles for Law Reviews.
SUGGESTED READINGS:

Page 12 of 76
1. B. M. Gandhi, Legal Language, Legal Writing and General English, Eastern Book
Company, 2010.
2. Blacks' Law Dictionary, Universal Publishing Ltd., 2000.
3. Broom’s Legal Maxims, Universal Publishing Ltd., 2011.
4. Broom’s Legal Maxims. 11thed. New Delhi: Universal Publishing Ltd., 2011.
5. C.R. Datta & M.N. Das, DeSouza’s Conveyancing, Eastern Law House, 13th ed., 2004
6. Dr. A. Prasad, Outlines of Legal Language in India, Central Law Publications, 6th ed.,
2011
7. Dr. S.C. Tripathi, Legal language, Legal Writing and General English, Central Law
Publications, 6th ed.,
8. E. Volokh, Academic Legal Writing, Foundation Press, 4th ed., 2010.

129116 Law of Consumer Protection and Motor Vehicles Act 6

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students

will be able to describe the basic concepts of consumer law.
Development of consumer law and policy, Caveat emptor to caveat venditor, Consumerism
and neo-liberalism, Globalization and consumer law
UNIT 2: REGULATORY FRAME WORK 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of
this Unit students will be able to identify consumers, defects in goods and deficiencies in
services.
Consumer Protection Act, 1986 – Objectives, Meaning of consumer, Protection of the rights
of consumer, Deficiency in goods and services, Liability in Professional services, Public
utility services, Consumer Councils - Consumer exploitation through Unfair trade practices.
UNIT 3: CONSUMER DISPUTES REDRESSAL AGENCIES 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome:
On completion of this Unit students will be able to tell the remedies available to the
aggrieved consumers and the forum where they are available.
District forum, State commission, National commission, Consumer Law Board -
Constitution, Powers, Jurisdiction, Limitation and Procedure of the Adjudicatory bodies -
Enforcement of Consumer rights through PIL , Consumer awareness & education in India.
UNIT 4: MOTOR VEHICLES 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit
students will be able to discuss the need for regulation and explain the regulatory framework.
Introduction, Necessity of licensing and regulation, Motor Vehicle Act, 1988 – objectives and
framework, Licensing of drivers of motor vehicles, Licensing of conductors of stage carriages
UNIT 5: REGISTRATION OF MOTOR VEHICLES 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On
completion of this Unit students will be able to describe the provisions of the Motor Vehicles
Acts relating to registration of motor vehicles.

Page 13 of 76
Necessity of registration, Procedure for registration, No-objection certificate, Age limit for
motor vehicles, Control of transport vehicles, Provisions relating to state transport
undertakings, Construction, equipment and maintenance of motor vehicles, Control of traffic,
Motor vehicles temporarily leaving or visiting India
UNIT 6: LIABILITY 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be
able to fix liabilities arising out of wrongful use of motor vehicles.
Liability to pay compensation, permanent disablement, insurance of motor vehicles, against
third party risks, Motor Vehicles Claims Tribunal, offences and penalties under the Act
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Justice S N Aggarwal, Supreme Court on Consumer Protection Act, Universal Law
Publishing Co., 2013.
2. Wadhwa, Justice D. P. (ed). The Law of Consumer Protection. New Delhi: Wadhwa and
Company Nagpur, 2006.
3. Nayak, Rajendra Kumar. Consumer Protection Law in India: An Eco-legal Treatise on
Consumer Justice. Bombay: N. M/ Tripathi Pvt Ltd., 1991.
4. Sheth, Dilip K. Treatise on Consumer Protection Law (Law & Practice). Mumbai: Snow
White, 2003.
5. Agarwal, Dr V. K. Bharat's Consumer Protection (Law & Practice) 6th ed. New Delhi: B.
L. H. Publishers and Distributors Pvt. Ltd., 2008.
6. Singh, Avtar. Law of Consumer Protection (Principles & Practice) 4th ed. Lucknow:
Eastern Book Co., 2005.
7. Majumdar, P. K. Law of Consumer Protection in India 5thed. New Delhi: Orient
Publishing Company, 2003.
8. Sarkar, Utpal Ranjan. Sarkar’s Motor Accidents: Motor Insurance Claims &
Compensation. New Delhi : Sodhi Publications, 2004.

SEMESTER - II
129121 Law of Contract – I 6

UNIT 1: STANDARD FORM OF CONTRACTS 5 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: The development of law of contract as a common law and the basic
principles should be appreciated by the students to get an introduction to the topic as such.

Page 14 of 76
Meaning; Advantages and Disadvantages; History and nature of contractual obligations;
Definitions; Elements and kinds; Proposal and acceptance - forms, essential elements,
communication and revocation; Proposal and Invitations for proposal; Floating Offers;
Tenders, advantages, unilateral character, principles of protection against the possibility of
exploitation, judicial approach to such contracts, exemption clauses; clash between two
standard forms of contracts; Law Commission of India's views.
UNIT 2: CONSIDERATION 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: To get an overview of the concept of consideration and the necessity of
consideration to form a valid contract.
. Meaning, Kinds, Essential Elements; Doctrine of nudum pactum; Privity of contract and of
consideration; Its exceptions; Adequacy of consideration; Present, past and adequate
consideration; Unlawful consideration and its effects; Views of Law Commission of India on
consideration; Evaluation of the doctrine of consideration.
UNIT 3: CAPACITY TO CONTRACT: MEANING 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: To understand the privileges and immunities available to the weaker
sections of the society.
Incapacity arising out of status and mental defect; Minor's agreements; Definition of ‘minor’;
Accessories supplied to a minor; agreements beneficial and detrimental to a minor;
Affirmation; Restitution in cases of minor's agreements; Fraud by a minor; Agreements made
on behalf of a minor; Minor's agreements and Estoppel; Evaluation of the law relating to
minor's agreements; Other illustrations of incapacity to contract.
UNIT 4: FREE CONSENT 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Learning the basic concept of consent.
Definition of Consent and Free Consent; Factors vitiating free consent: Coercion –
Definition, Essential elements, duress and coercion; Doctrine of Economic Duress, effect of
coercion; Undue Influence – Definition, essential elements, Presumed existence of Undue
Influence in law, Illustrations of undue influence – independent advice, pardahanashin
women, unconscionable bargains, effect of undue influence; Misrepresentation – Definition,
misrepresentation of law and of fact, their effects and illustration; Fraud – Definition,
essential elements, suggestio falsi and suppresio veri, When does silence amounts to fraud,
Active, concealment of truth, importance of intention; Mistake – Definition, kinds,
fundamental error, mistake of law and of fact, their effects, when does a mistake vitiate free
consent and when not.
UNIT 5: LEGALITY OF OBJECTS 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Understanding object to a contract as an essential element.
Void agreements, lawful and unlawful considerations, and objects, void, voidable, illegal and
unlawful agreements and their effects; Unlawful considerations and objects; Forbidden by
law; Defeating the provision of any law; Fraudulent; Injurious to person or property;
Immoral; Against public policy.

Page 15 of 76
UNIT 6: VOID AGREEMENTS 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: To learn other kinds of agreements which are expressly declared as void
under Indian Contract Act,1872.
Agreements without consideration; Agreements in restraint of marriage; Agreements in
restraint of trade, its exceptions, sale of goodwill, section 11 restrictions, under the
partnership Act, trade combinations, exclusive dealing agreements, restraints on employees
under agreements of service; Agreements in restraint of legal proceedings, its exceptions;
Uncertain agreements; Wagering agreement, its exception.
UNIT 7: DISCHARGE OF A CONTRACT 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Concept of discharge and conclusion of contractual liability on discharge
are introduced to students.
By performance- conditions of valid tender of performance, How? By whom? Where?
When? In what manner? Performance of reciprocal promises, time as essence of contract; By
breach, anticipatory breach and present breach; Impossibility of performance, specific
grounds of frustration, application to leases, theories of frustration, effect of frustration,
frustration and restitution; By period of limitation; By agreement, rescission and alteration,
their effect, remission and waiver of performance, extension of time, accord and satisfaction.
UNIT 8: REMEDIES AND QUASI-CONTRACTS 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: To understand the remedies available in law of contract and to apply the
conceptual understanding when the situation demands.
Damages, lands, remoteness of damages, ascertainment of damages; Injunction, when granted
and when refused, Why? Refund and restitution; Specific performance, When? Why?
UNIT 09: SPECIFIC RELIEF 15 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: After the completion of this Unit students will be conversant with the
principles underlying the grant of specific reliefs and the different remedies provided under
the Specific Relief Act.
Specific performance of contract; Contract that can be specifically enforced; Persons against
whom specific enforcement can be ordered; Rescission and cancellation; Injunction:
Temporary and Perpetual; Declaratory orders; Discretion and powers of court.

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Bharuka, G. C. Mulla on The Indian Contract Act. 12th ed. Nagapur: LexisNexis
Butterworths Wadhwa, 2009.
2. Beatson, Sir Jack, et al.Anson's Law of Contract. 29th ed. Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 2010.
3. P. S. Atiya, Introduction to the Law of Contract. Claredon Law Series 1992 (reprint)
4. Markanda, P. C. The Law of Contract. 2 vol; New Delhi: Wadhwa and Company, 2006.

Page 16 of 76
5. Singh, Avtar. Law of Contract. 10th ed. Lucknow: Eastern Book Company, 2008.
6. Cheshire, G. C., Fifoot H. S. and Furmston, M. P. Law of Contract ELBS with
Butterworths, 1992.
7. Nair, M. Krishnan, Law of Contracts. Hyderabad: Orient Longman Private Limited, 1998.
8. Treitel, G. H. Law of Contract, Sweet & Maxwell, 1997 (reprint).

129122 Constitutional Law - I 6

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 4 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will get a historical perspective about
the concepts of constitutionalism and rule of law
Constitutional Law; Constitutionalism; Rule of Law; Historical Perspective; Salient Features
of the Indian Constitutions; Fundamental Law; Preamble.
UNIT 2: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 18 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: By the completion of this Unit the evolution and development of
fundamental rights will be made clear to the students.
Introduction; Concept Origin and Development; Magna Carta; The English Bill of Rights of
1689; The American Bill of Rights of 1791 The French Declaration of Rights of Man; The
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, Need Fundamental Rights in India;
Classification; State and Fundamental Rights (Article 12); Justifiability of Fundamental
Rights (Article 13); Unconstitutionality of a Statute; Doctrine of Eclipse; Doctrine of
Severability; Waiver of Fundamental Rights; Right to Equality (Articles 14-18); Equality
Before Law and Equal Protection of Law (Article 14); Rule of Law Under Article 14; Rule of
Law Under Article 14; Reasonable Classification; Administrative Discretion and Article 14;
Reservation in India; Mandal Commission and Its Effect
UNIT 3: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 18 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the basic nature of fundamental rights in the
constitution its origin etc., will become clear to the students. Right to Freedom (Articles 19-
22); Right to Freedom (Article 19); Protection Against Conviction (Article 20); Ex Post Facto
Law; Double Jeopardy; Prohibition Against Self-Incrimination; Protection of Life and
Personal Liberty (Article 21); Right to Education (Article 21-A); Safeguards Against
Arbitrary Arrest and Detention (Article 25-28); Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-
30).
Right to Property - Article 19(1) (f) and 19 (5) Article 31; Inter-Relation of – Article 31,
Article 14 and Article 19(1) (f); Article 31-A and the Saving Clause; Article 31- B and the
Ninth Schedule; Article 31-C, Article 300-A.constitutional law-making
UNIT 4: DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY 12 Hrs.

Page 17 of 76
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the nature and status of directive principles,
state’s obligations and their significance will be clear to the students.
Object and Purpose Nature; Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights Distinguished;
Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights – The Supremacy Factor; Fundamental Duties.
Basic structure of the Constitution, Ninth schedule of the Constitution
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Singh, M. P. Shukla V. N. Constitution of India, 12th ed. Lucknow: Eastern Book Co.,
2013.
2. De, D. J. Constitution of India. 2 vols., 2nd ed. Hyderabad: Asia Law House, 2005.
3. Basu, D. D. Constitutional Law of India, 7th ed. Nagpur: Wadhwa, 1998.
4. Jain, M. P. Indian Constitutional Law, 7th ed. Nagpur: Wadhwa& Co., 2014
5. Seervai, H. M. Constitutional Law of India: A Critical Commentary. 3 vols., 4th ed. New
Delhi: Universal Law Publishers, 2006.
6. LokSabha Secretariat. Constituent Assembly Debates. 5 vols. New Delhi: LokSabha
Secretariat.

129123 Family Law 6

UNIT 1: NATURE, ORIGIN AND SOURCES 7 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of

this Unit students will be able to connect the core concept relating to traditional law with the
reformed modern personal law which is based on statutes.
Nature and Origin of Hindu Law, Muslim law, Christian law, Sources and schools of Hindu
& Muslim Laws.
UNIT 2: CONCEPT OF PROPERTY 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit
students will be able to appraise on the nature of property transaction that exist in personal
Laws Hindu family relations and the importance of ancestral property and Karta in Hindu
family, partition, Gifts and Endowments. Concept of property under Islamic Law, Hiba,
Wakfs.
UNIT 3: MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE 20Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this
Unit students will be able to analyze the concept of marriage and relate it to the changing
nature of marriage and Matrimonial remedies.
Concepts of Marriage & Divorce, Conditions for valid marriage, Void & Voidable marriages,
Registration of marriage, Matrimonial home, Restitution of conjugal rights. Judicial
Separation, separation agreements. Divorce, grounds for divorce,. Divorce by mutual consent,
Maintenance pending litigation and litigation expenses, Permanent alimony. Under Hindu
marriage Act, 1955,Islamic Law ,Christian marriage, Divorce Laws.
UNIT 4: ADOPTIONS AND MAINTENANCE 15 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion
of this Unit students will be able to understand the core concepts of adoption laws. The Unit

Page 18 of 76
will help students analyze it from sociological perspective thereby understanding the
importance of adoption law in the society.
Hindu Adoptions & Maintenance Act, 1956, Doctrine of Nafaqa (Maintenance),
Acknowledgement under Muslim Law. Adoption Rules for Christians and concept of
Adoption under Juvenile Justice Act. Maintenance under Christian Law, Maintenance under
125 Cr.P.C.
UNIT 5: MINORITY & GUARDIANSHIP 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this
Unit the students will be able to appraise the law relating to guardianship and the importance
of guardian in the matters relating to wards.
The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956, concept of Guardianship under Islamic and
Christian Law Guardianship and Wards Act, 1869, natural guardians and their powers,
guardian's right over minor's property.
UNIT 6: CONCEPT OF SUCCESSION: 20 Hrs. Learning Outcome: The outcome of this
study would be a understanding the legal principles of testamentary succession and intestate
succession.
Hindu Succession Act,1956, order of succession among males, distribution of property
among heirs of Class I & Class II of the schedule. Property of Hindu Female and rules of
succession in the case of Female Hindus, .Islamic Rules of Intestate succession, sharers,
residuaries and Kinders, Doctrine of Radd and Aul, Christian rules of Intestate succession
Under Part III of Indian Succession Act,1925,Testamentary Succession Under Indian
succession Act,1925.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Diwan, Paras (Dr). Dr. Paras Diwan on Hindu Law, 2nd Ed. New Delhi: Orient Publishing
Co. 2006.
2. Diwan, Paras (Dr). Law of Marriage & Divorce, 5th Ed. Delhi: Universal Law Publishing
Co, 2008.
3. Diwan, Paras (Dr). Law of Intestate and Testamentary Succession. 3rded. New Delhi:
Universal Law Publishing, 2006.
4. Mulla. Hindu Law, 20thed. New Delhi: LexisNexis Buttorworths, 2007.
129124 Company Law - I 6

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION, HISTORY AND REGULATORY REGIME 8 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT students will be able to appreciate the
importance of business associations, history and regulatory framework relating to the same.
Overview of the subject, Legal Vehicles available for business activities – Corporate Bodies,
Un-incorporated associations, proprietary concerns and HUF – Characteristics of each, The
corporate bodies governed by The Companies Act, 1956, Other Corporate Bodies including
co-operative societies and LLPs

Page 19 of 76
History of corporate law and recent developments, The Modern corporation, Its role and
significance, comparison with other forms of business organization – Advantages and
disadvantages of doing business through the corporate vehicle – The evolution of commercial
corporations and its recent developments – History of Registered Companies in England and
India – Twentieth Century developments, Emergence of mega multinationals, Stakeholders in
the corporation, Organs of the corporation and the correlation between them – Corporate
Governance –An overview
UNIT 2: COMPANY AS SEPARATE LEGAL ENTITY AND EXCEPTIONS 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT students will students will get clarity about
jurisprudential aspects of ‘company’ and classification of companies
Jurisprudential issues – Incidents of corporate personality, Lifting the corporate veil –
Statutory and judicial inroads to corporate personality, Legal personality of group companies.
Classification of companies – Chartered, Statutory and Registered Companies, Limited by
Shares, Limited by Guarantee and Unlimited, Private and Public Companies, S. 25
Companies, Government Companies, Foreign Companies, Producer Companies, Group
Companies.
UNIT 3: PROMOTION ACTIVITY AND FORMATION OF COMPANIES 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT the process of formation of different kinds
of companies and commencement of business will be made clear to the students.
Company Promoters – Legal Position of Company Promoters, Remedies against breach of
duties by promoters
Pre Incorporation Contracts – Ratification-Jurisprudential Issues, Scope of Sections 15 and
19 of Specific Relief Act, 1963, Rights and Liabilities of the Company, third parties and
promoters in respect of pre incorporation Contracts, Comparison between Indian and English
Law
Provisional Contracts – Meaning, Trading certificate –Distinction between private companies
and Public companies, Effect of provisional contracts
Contracts made after the company is entitled to commence its business
Formation of Companies – Legal and procedural issues, Conclusiveness of the certificate of
Incorporation.
Commencement of business – Distinction between Private and public company
UNIT 4: CONSTITUTIONAL DOCUMENTS AND THEIR AMENDMENT 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT students will come to know about the law
and procedure relating to the basic documents for a company, obligations arising out of these
documents
Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association- nature and correlations
Contents of Memorandum and Articles of Association – Obligatory and non-obligatory
provisions of the Memorandum of Association, Legal status of the non-obligatory provisions,

Page 20 of 76
Whether Articles of Association are mandatory-significance of Table A articles, Contractual
effect of the Memorandum and the Articles of Association, Shareholders’ Agreements and
their effect on the company, Amendment of provisions in the Memorandum and the Articles
of Association- Law & procedure.
UNIT 5: IRREGULAR COMPANY TRANSACTIONS 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT Students will get an understanding of about
the ultra vires actions, consequences and remedies available to the companies and their
agents.
Doctrine of ‘Ultra Vires’ – Significance of the Object clause, Effect of Ultra Vires
Transactions, Remedies
Doctrine of Constructive Notice and Indoor management – Legal protection of the Company
and third parties prejudiced by the un-authorized transactions by the Companies Agents.
UNIT 6: MEMBERSHIP 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT students will have clarity about the
membership in companies, requirements and procedures related to the same.
Members of a Company and Their Legal Status – Register of Members – Membership in
Respect of Shares in the Dematerialized Form – Service of Notice to Members, Company and
ROC – Publicity Requirements with Regard to Membership
UNIT 7: CORPORATE FINANCE 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT students will be able to understand statutory
requirements various financial funds and maintaining finance in a company.
Capital – Concept of Capital in Corporate Law – Quasi-capital Funds – share premium
account and capital redemption reserve fund – Rules governing the raising and maintenance
of capital – Buyback of shares – Reduction of capital
UNIT 8: CORPORATE SECURITIES 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT students will get clarity about acquisition of
corporate securities , types of shares and debentures.
Types of Corporate Securities – Shares, Debentures and Other Securities – Legal Nature of
Shares and Debentures – Classes of Shares and Their Special Features – Variation of Class
Rights – Shares as property – Trust and beneficial interest, Share certificate, Lien on shares,
Forfeiture of shares – Shares as membership
Debentures – Types of debentures-secured and unsecured, Debenture trust deed and
debenture trustees, Remedies of debenture holders, Redemption of preference shares and
debentures, Distinction between equity shares, preference shares and debentures, Conversion
of preference shares into equity and debentures
Modes of acquisition of Corporate securities – Allotment, Transfer, Transmission, Legal and
Procedural aspects, Blank transfers, Transfers of securities in dematerialized form
UNIT 9: COMPANY CHARGES AND COMPANY DEPOSITS 5 Hrs.

Page 21 of 76
Learning Outcome: On completion of this UNIT students will be able to have clarity about
the method of giving security for repayment of loan or other liabilities of a company will be
made clear to the students.
Types of charge-fixed and floating charge – Registration of charges and effect of non-
registration – Crystallization of floating charges – Theories of floating charges –
Vulnerability of floating charges – Effect of negative covenants in winding up
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Gower, L. C. B. Principles of Modern Company Law. London: Sweet and Maxwell, 1997.
2. Palmer. Palmer’s Company Law. London: Stevans, 1987.
3. Pennington R. R. Company Law. Butterworths, 1990.
4. Ramaiya, Guide to the Companies Act. Wadha, 1998.
5. Sealy, L. S. Cases and Materials in Company Law. 2007.

129125 Criminal Law – I 6

UNIT 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION 4 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: Students are expected, at the end of this unit, to underline the relative
importance of criminal law and of IPC in the light of their conceptual hues.
Nature and definition of crime, Constituent elements of crime, Extent and application of
Indian Penal code, Structure of IPC, Understanding definitions, General Explanations
General Exceptions: Mistake, Principle of ignorantia facti excusat, Principle of ignorantia
juris, Accident, Infancy, Insanity, Intoxication, Consent, Mistake, Private defence
UNIT 2: PUNISHMENTS 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this UNIT, students would be in a position to examine the
paramountcy of punishments as a means to achieve the stated ends of criminal law.
Fine; Imprisonment, Simple and Rigorous; Imprisonment for life; Solitary confinement;
Capital Punishment.
UNIT 3: ABETMENT 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This UNIT equips the students, with an understanding of the requirement
to appreciate the role of abettors in a crime.
Meaning of abetment, Abettor, Punishment for abetment, harbouring.
UNIT 4: CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY AND OFFENCES AGAINST STATE4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this UNIT, the students would learn the kernel of criminal
conspiracy the importance of which can hardly be over-emphasized in a modern state.

Page 22 of 76
Definition, Punishment, Offences against state, Waging war, Sedition, Responsibility of
public servant, Offences relating Army, Navy and Air force
UNIT 5: OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC TRANQUILLITY 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Students are expected to appreciate the nuances of public tranquility at
the end of this UNIT.
Unlawful assembly, Rioting, Assaulting or obstructing public servant, Provocation and
communal enmity, Affray
UNIT 6: OFFENCES RELATING TO HUMAN BODY 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this UNIT, the students are expected to obtain a clearer
understanding of one of the most vexed issues of life and liberty.
Homicide, Murder, Suicide, Causing Miscarriage, Hurt, Wrongful Restraint and
Confinement, Force, Assault, Kidnapping, Abduction.
UNIT 7: SEXUAL OFFENCES 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Students would be privy to the complex issues pertaining to different
kinds of injuries- physical to emotional- that may be inflicted on the human beings after
studying this UNIT.
Rape, Unnatural offences.
UNIT 8: OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Students are expected, on completion of this UNIT, to understand the
different offences against property.
Theft, Extortion, Robbery, Dacoity, Misappropriation, Criminal Breach of Trust, Receiving
Stolen Property, Cheating, Trespass, Forgery, Falsification of Accounts, False, Criminal
Breach of Contract of Service
UNIT 9: OFFENCES RELATING TO MARRIAGES 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Study of this UNIT gives a holistic idea of different marital offences.
Bigamy, Adultery, Cruelty by Husband and Relatives, Dowry Death.
UNIT 10: OTHER OFFENCES 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Students would be in a position to learn the other offences that are
detrimental to the health of society.
Defamation, Criminal intimidation, Insult and Annoyance, Attempt to Commit Offences.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Gaur, K. D. Criminal Law: Cases & Materials. 4thed. New Delhi: LexisNexis
Butterworths, 2005.
2. Ashworth, Andrew. Principles of Criminal Law. 5thed. New York: Oxford University
Press, 2006.

Page 23 of 76
3. Suresh, V., and D. Nagasaila. P. S. A. Pillai’s Criminal Law. 9thed. New Delhi:
LexisNexis, 2006.
4. Pillai, K. N. Chandrashekhar. General Principles of Criminal Law. Lucknow: Eastern Book
Co., 2005
5. Gour, Hari Singh. Commentaries on the Indian Penal Code. 12th ed. Allahabad, Delhi Law
Publishers, 2005.
6. Chandrachud, Y. V. Ratanlal Dhirajlal’s Indian Penal Code. 31st ed. Nagpur: Wadhwa &
Co., 2006.
7. Basu, N. D. Indian Penal Code (Law of Crimes). New Delhi: Ashoka Law House, 2006.
8. Gaur, K. R. A Textbook on the Indian Penal Code. 3rded. New Delhi: Universal Law
Publishing Co. 2004.
9. Turner, J. W. Cecil. Kenny’s Outlines of Criminal Law. 19thed. New Delhi: Universal
Law Publishing, 2006.
10. Sarkar, S. C. Commentary on the Indian Penal Code. 4 Vols. Allahabad: Dwivedi Law
Agency, 2006.

129126 Property Law 6

UNIT 1: HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students will be equipped to appreciate the
territorial evolution and the international and global expansion of intellectual property
together with its philosophical and economic underpinnings.
Historical Evolution of IPR Protection – Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Designs, GI, Plant
Varieties, Lay-out designs of ICs; Philosophical & Theoretical Justifications; International
Protection – Paris Convention, Bern Convention, Lisbon & Madrid Agreement, TRIPS
Agreement
UNIT 2: PATENTS 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit enables the students to understand the fundamental aspects of
patents, especially the criteria for patentability and patentees’ rights together with the
procedural aspects of acquisition and enforcement
Objectives of Patent Law; Meaning, Subject matter and eligibility; Procedure for Acquisition
– Contents of Application; Provisional & Complete Specification; Procedure for Filing;
Procedure for grant of patents – Anticipation; Ownership and assignment; Limitations and
Exceptions to Patent Rights – Government use, Compulsory Licensing; Infringement and acts
not amounting to infringement (their relation to limitations and exceptions); maintenance
surrender and revocation of patents; Powers of the Controller

Page 24 of 76
UNIT 3: COPYRIGHT 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students would be able to appreciate the
various works protected by copyright, management and transfer of rights and law relating to
infringement.
Objectives of copyright protection; eligibility; Meaning of copyright; originality and idea-
expression dichotomy Works protected under copyright; Economic Rights, Moral rights and
neighbouring rights; Registration of copyright; ownership, licensing and assignment;
copyright societies; Limitations and Exceptions; Infringement; Technological Protection
Measures
UNIT 4: TRADEMARK 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit makes the students understand the requisite conceptual as well
as statutory provisions pertaining to trademarks and various trends in relation to passing off.
Objectives and functions of trademark protection – registration of trademarks and service
marks; concept of distinctiveness and consumer deception – grounds for refusal of
registration; well-known marks and dilution – passing off and infringement; Registration of
domain names; Cyber squatting
UNIT 5: DESIGNS 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Study of this Unit gives a holistic view of the different facets of designs.
Objectives of design protection – criteria for protection - grounds of refusal and element of
functionality – rights – ownership and assignment of right – infringement; Overlap between
copyright and designs
UNIT 6: EXPANDING HORIZONS OF IP 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit enables the students, at the end, to appreciate IP as a response
to new technology and also the areas of conflict emerging out of IPR
Protection of Semiconductor Chips; Geographical Indications; Plant Varieties – Farmers’
Rights, Biodiversity, Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expressions
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Subram, N. R. Demystifying Intellectual Property Rights. New Delhi: LexisNexis –
Butterworths Wadhwa, Nagpur, 2009.
2. Bainbridge, David. Intellectual Property. 5th ed. Pearson Education, 2003.
3. Torremans, Paul, and Jon Holyoak, Intellectual Property Law. 2nd ed. Butterworths, 1988.
4. Bains, Willam. Biotechnology from A to Z. 2nd ed. VCH, Federal Republic of Germany,
1998.
5. Bainbridge, David. Intellectual Property. 5th ed. Addison-Wesley Longman Ltd, 2002.
6. Colston, Catherine, and Kirsty Middleton. Modern Intellectual Property Law. 2nded,
Cavendish Publishing, 2005.

Page 25 of 76
7. Kitchin, David, David Llewelyn and James Mellor. Kerly's Law of Trademarks and Trade
Names. 14thed, Sweet & Maxwell, 2005.
8. Cook, Trevor. Pharmaceuticals Biotechnology and the Law. 2nded, LexisNexis, 2009.
9. Chalton, Simon. The Legal Protection of Databases, Hawksmere Publication, 2001.
10. Ryder, Rodney D. Intellectual Property Law, Concept of Commercialisation, Macmillan,
2005.
11. Powell, Ed Baden. Intellectual Property and Media Law Companion. 4thed, Law Matters
Publishing, 2007.
12. Intellectual Property, The Many faces of Public Domain Edward Elgar Publishing, 2007.

SEMESTER - III
129141 Law of Contract – II 6

UNIT 1: INDEMNITY 2 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Understanding the special relationship

between the indemnifier and indemnity holder &the need and importance of contract of
indemnity.
The concept; need for indemnity to facilitate commercial transactions; methods of creating
indemnity obligations; definition, nature and extent of liability of indemnifier;
commencement of liability of the indemnifier; Situations of various types; indemnity
agreements, clauses; indemnity in international transactions; indemnity by governments
during inter-state transactions.
UNIT 2: GUARANTEE 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Contract of guarantee play a very
important role in protecting the position of creditor and principal debtor. It would enable the
students to be familiar with the nature of guarantee contracts and relation between various
parties.
Concept, definition; as distinguished from indemnity; basic essentials. The place of
consideration and criteria for ascertaining the existence of consideration in guarantee
contracts Position of minor and validity of guarantee when minor is the principal debtor,
creditor or surety; continuing guarantee, nature of surety’s liability. Duration and termination
of such liability, illustrative situations of existence of continuing guarantee, creation and
identification of continuing guarantees. Letters of credit and bank guarantees as instances of
guarantee transactions. Rights of surety, position of surety in the eye of law, various judicial
interpretations to protect the surety.Co-surety and manner of sharing liabilities and rights;
extent of surety’s liability, discharge of surety’s liability.
UNIT 3: BAILMENT 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Students will understand the legal
responsibilities and liabilities of bailor and bailee in a contract of bailment.
Identification of bailment contracts in day to- day life; manner of creation of such contracts.
Commercial utility of bailment contracts. Definition of bailment; kinds of bailees; duties of

Page 26 of 76
bailor and bailee towards each other. Rights of bailor and bailee; finder of goods as a
bailee.Liability towards the true owner, obligation to keep the goods safe, right to dispose off
the goods.
UNIT 4: PLEDGE 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: The need for security for payment of debt.
Relation between parties to such contracts and their liabilities and responsibilities.
Pledge: comparison with bailment, commercial utility of pledge transactions. Definition of
pledge under the Indian Contract Act, other statutory regulations under regarding pledge,
reasons for the same. Rights of the pawner and pawnee. pawnee’s right of sale as compared
to that of an ordinary bailee. Pledge by certain specified persons mentioned in the Indian
Contract Act.
UNIT 5: AGENCY 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Identification of certain kinds of agency
transactions in commercial world. Methods, purpose and creation of agency contracts.
Identification of certain kinds of agency transactions in day to day life in the commercial
world. Kinds of agents and agencies. Distinction between agent and servant; essentials of an
agency transaction. Various methods of creation of agency. Delegation, duties and rights of
agent. Scope and extent of agent’s authority, liability of principal for acts of the agent.
Misconduct and tort of the agent, liability of the agent towards the principal. Personal liability
towards the parties. Methods of termination of agency. Liability of the principal and the
agent.
UNIT 6: SALE OF GOODS 14 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Law governing sale of goods would
enable the students to understand the essentials of a valid sale and the legal relationship
between the parties to such contracts.
Concept of sale as a contract, instances, Essentials of contract of sale, Implied terms in
contract of sale. The Rule of Caveat emptor, exceptions. Changing concept of caveat emptor;
Effect and meaning of implied warranties in sale; Transfer of title and passing of risk;
Delivery of goods: various rules regarding delivery of goods; Unpaid seller and his rights;
Remedies for breach of contract.
UNIT 7: PARTNERSHIP 12 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Understanding various commercial
associations. Legal regulation of partnership firms and joint and several liability of the
partners.
Nature and definition of partnership; Distinct advantages and disadvantages vis-à-vis
partnership and private limited company; Mutual relationship between partners; Authority of
partners; Admission of partners; Outgoing partners; Registration of partnership; Dissolution
of partnership; Limited Liability Partnership.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Abhichandani, R. K. (ed.), Pollock and Mulla on Contracts and Specific Relief Acts.
Bombay: Tripathi, 14th Edition, 2013.
2. Singh, Avtar. Contract Act. Lucknow: Eastern Book Co. 2000.
3. Nair, Krishnan. Law of Contract. Orient, 1999.

Page 27 of 76
4. Singh, Avtar. Principles of Law of Sale of Goods and Hire Purchase, 1998.
5. Singh and Gupta, Verma J. P. (ed.). The Law of Partnership in India. New Delhi: Orient
Law House, 1999.

129142 Constitutional Law – II 6

UNIT 1: EXECUTIVE 10 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, the students are expected to gain the basic inputs
on the composition and significance of the union and state executive.
President of India – Election, Powers and Functions, Vice-President, Legislative Powers,
Advisory Opinion of Judiciary – Governors – Appointment, Powers and Functions,
Relationship Between State Government and Cabinet, Power to Make Laws – Relationship
between Union and State Executives.
UNIT 2: LEGISLATURE 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Students, at the end of this Unit, are expected to learn about the law-
making process among others.
Constitution, Compositions and Sessions, Powers and Privileges of Members of Parliament
and state legislatures – Introduction and Passing of Bills, Joint Sitting, Money Bills, Budget.
UNIT 3: JUDICIARY 15 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On studying this Unit, students would get the required analysis about the
pivotal role played by the Supreme Court in dispensation of justice.
Supreme Court – Establishment and Constitution, Court of Record, Jurisdiction, Original and
Appellate Jurisdiction, Special Leave Petition, Precedents.
High Courts – Establishment and composition, Writ jurisdiction, Power over lower courts
Prerogative Writs – Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, Quo Warranto. –
Writ Jurisdictions of Supreme Court and High Courts.
UNIT 4: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CENTRAL & STATE GOVERNMENT 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: The study of this Unit is instrumental in students' understanding of the
struggle for constitutional space by the two governments in federalism.
Federalism, Administrative Relations, Financial Relations, Finance Commission, Trade
Relations.

Page 28 of 76
UNIT 5: CONTRACTS AND SERVICES 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Students would be learning, at the end of this Unit, the role of
government as party to a contract and its implications as well as conditions affecting the
services.
Government contracts, Recruitment and conditions of service, Doctrine of pleasure
UNIT 6: ELECTIONS, EMERGENCY AND AMENDMENT 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: The study of this Unit makes students appreciate the legal nuances of
emergency and amendment powers as well as the manner of conducting of elections.
Election commission – Composition, Powers and Functions, Role of EC in the
Superintendence of Elections, Anti-defection Law, Representation of Peoples Act, 1951.
Emergency – National, state and financial, Suspension of Fundamental rights, Amendment –
power and necessary procedure.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Singh, M. P., and V. N. Shukla. Constitution of India. 11th ed. Lucknow: Eastern Book
Co., 2010.
2. De, D. J. Constitution of India. 2 Vols. 2nd ed. Hyderabad: Asia Law House, 2005.
3. Basu, D. D. Constitutional Law of India. 7th ed. Nagpur: Wadhwa, 1998.
4. Jain, M. P. Indian Constitutional Law. 6th ed. Nagpur: Lexis Nexis Butterworths Wadhwa,
2010.
5. Seervai, H. M. Constitutional Law of India: A Critical Commentary. 3 vols. 4th ed. New
Delhi: Universal Law Publishers, 2006.
6. Lok Sabha Secretariat. Constituent Assembly Debates. 5 Vols. New Delhi: Lok Sabha
Secretariat.

129143 Jurisprudence 6

UNIT 1: LEGAL RIGHTS 8 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will get clarity about the concept of right
and its jural correlatives
The concept and meaning: Kinds; Right and duty correlation; Natural Rights and
Fundamental Rights.
UNIT 2: PERSONS 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will get clarity of the concept “persons” –
legal and natural and rights and obligations attached to it will become clear to the students.

Page 29 of 76
Nature of personality; Status of the unborn, minor, lunatic, drunken and dead persons;
Corporate personality; Dimensions of the modern legal personality: Legal personality of non-
human beings
UNIT 3: POSSESSION AND OWNERSHIP 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: After the completion of this Unit students will get clarity about
ownership as a right, its components and rights attached to it
Possession: the Concept; Kinds of possession; Ownership: the Concept; Kinds of ownership;
Difference between possession and ownership.
UNIT 4: PROPERTY AND TITLE 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the completion of this Unit students will be clear about concept of
property in law, kinds of property, rights& duties arising out of and attached to it
Property: the concept; Kinds of property; Title
UNIT 5: LIABILITY 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, various types of liabilities and how these arise
and the degrees of liability will be clear to the students
Conditions for imposing liability; Wrongful act; Damnum sine injuria; Causation; Men’s rea;
Intention; Malice; Negligence and recklessness; Strict liability; Vicarious liability.
UNIT 6: OBLIGATION AND PROCEDURE 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: After this Unit students get clarity about law relating to obligations, its
nature and kinds
Nature and kinds; Sources of obligation; Substantive and procedural laws: difference;
Evidence: Nature and kinds.

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Bodenheimer. Jurisprudence—The Philosophy and Method of Law. New Delhi: Universal,
1996.
2. Fitzgerald (ed.) Salmond on Jurisprudence. Bombay: Tripathi, 1999.
3. Friedmann, W. Legal Theory. New Delhi: Universal, 1999.
4. V.D. Mahajan, Jurisprudence and Legal Theory. Lucknow: Eastern Book Co., 1996
(reprint).
5. Freeman M. D. A. (ed.), Lloyd's Introduction to Jurisprudence, (1994), Sweet & Maxwell
6. Paton G. W. Jurisprudence. Oxford: ELBS, OUP,1972
7. Hart, H. L. A. The Concepts of Law. Oxford: ELBS, OUP, 1970
8. Pound, Roscoe. Introduction to the Philosophy of Law. New Delhi: Universal, 1996
(reprint).

Page 30 of 76
9. Dias R. W. M. Jurisprudence. New Delhi: Adithya Books. 1994 (First Indian re-print)
10. Dhyani S. N. Jurisprudence: A Study of Indian Legal Theory New Delhi: Metropolitan,
1985.
129134 Company Law – II 6

UNIT 1: DIVISION OF POWERS BETWEEN THE GENERAL MEETING AND BOARD

OF DIRECTORS 9 Hrs. Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students are expected to
know the fundamentals of the working of Boards and General Meetings. Powers of the
Board: The rule in Curningham’s case, Restriction on the Powers of Board – Statutory &
Contractual, Statutory Provisions Conferring powers on Board and General Meeting.
UNIT 2: BOARD OF DIRECTORS 9 Hrs. Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit,
students would be in a position to critically analyze the composition, powers and functions of
a Board of Directors. Board of Directors – Legal nature of the office of directors,
Composition of the board, Qualification, Disqualification of the Directors, Categories of
Directors, Additional Directors, Alternate Directors, Directors who fill Casual Vacancies,
Nominee Directors, Government Director, Executive and Non-executive Directors, Whole
Time & Part Time Directors, Independent Directors and Their Role, Shadow Directors. –
Structure of the Board, Appointment of Directors and Allied matters, Qualifications and
Disqualifications of Directors, Termination of Office of Directors – Publicity Regarding
Directorship, Functioning of the Board – Remuneration of Directors Other Than Managerial
Personnel – Committees of Board of Directors – Audit Committee, Remuneration Committee
– Constituencies to which the directors owe duties, Fiduciary duty, Duty of care and skill,
Statutory duties UNIT 3: MEETINGS 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: This Unit creates an
understanding of the concept and modalities of General Meeting in students. General Meeting
as an Organ of the Company and its Operation, Types of Meetings, Transaction of the
Business by the General Meeting. Procedural Requirements with regard to General Meeting.
UNIT 4: ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: This Unit teaches the
students to conduct an audit of the Accounts and Audit of a company. Accounts: Statutory
books of accounts to be kept by the companies – Documents to be attached to Balance Sheet
– Significance of Balance Sheet, Prescription of Accounting Standards – National Advisory
Committee on Accounting Standards, Balance sheet and Profit and Loss Account –
Authentication, Significance, Statements in the Balance Sheet, Legal Implications, Accounts
of Branch Offices – Publicity with Respect to Account – Persons Having the Right to Inspect
Books of Account – Directors’ Report and Responsibility statement. Statutory Auditing:
Position, powers and duties of statutory auditors – Fiduciary Duties – Duties of Care and
skill, Constituencies to Which Statutory Auditors Owe Duties, Qualifications &
Disqualifications of Statutory Auditors, Mode of Appointment and Removal, Tenure,
Remuneration, Auditing of Government Companies
UNIT 5: DIVIDEND 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Students, at the end of this Unit, will learn
the financial implications of a company by studying about dividends. Meaning and Nature of
Dividend – Entitlement to Dividend – Cumulative Dividend – Asset available for Declaration
of Dividend – ‘Profits’ and ‘Distributable Profits’ – Declaration of Dividend – Interim

Page 31 of 76
Dividend – Effect of Declaration and Payment of Dividend not out of Distributable Profits –
Effect of Non-payment of Dividend. UNIT 6: MAJORITY RULE 8 Hrs. Learning Outcome:
This Unit makes the students appreciate the statutory as well as the judicial approaches
towards majority rule. Rule in Foss v. Harbottle and exceptions, Ratifiability of irregular acts
UNIT 7: COMPANY LIQUIDATION – COMPULSORY AND VOLUNTARY WINDING-
UP ON OVERVIEW 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On the conclusion of this Unit, students
would get an idea of the how, why and what aftermath of winding up of a company. Kinds of
liquidation, Grounds for Compulsory Winding Up, Commencement and Consequences of
Winding Up Order, Who can File Winding Up Petition, Position, Powers and Duties of
Liquidator, The Role of Court in Compulsory Winding up. Voluntary Winding up –
Member’s Voluntary Winding up, Creditor’s Voluntary Winding up, Declaration of
Solvency, Appointment of Liquidator, Committee of Inspectors, Powers and Duties of
liquidators in Voluntary winding up Fradulent Trading, Misfeasing Proceedings, Public and
Private examination, Effect of Winding Up on Antecedent Transactions, Realisation of
Assets and Distributions of Assets in Winding Up Position of Secured Creditors, Government
and Employees. – Contributories right to set off, Avoidance of transfers etc. Offences in
winding up, Dissolution of companies through winding up, Defunct companies and
Registrar’s power under section 560.

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Prachi Manekar, Insights into the new Company Law,Lexis Nexis2013. 2. Nicholas
Bourne, Bourne on Company Law, Routledge, 2013. 3. Gower, L. C. B. Principles of Modern
Company Law. London: Sweet and Maxwell, 1997. 4. Palmer. Palmer’s Company Law.
London: Stevans, 1987. 5. Pennington R. R. Company Law. Butterworths, 1990. 6. Ramaiya,
Guide to the Companies Act. Wadha, 1998.

129135 Criminal Law – II 6

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION & FUNCTIONARIES UNDER THE CODE 4 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: Through this unit the students are introduced to some preliminary
considerations such as the applicability, functionaries under the code etc.
Object of the Code; Applicability, Territorial Divisions and Classification of Offenses.
Functionaries under the Code: (Police, Prosecutors, Defense Counsel, Courts). (S. 1-2, 6-9,
24-29 Cr. PC)
UNIT 2: ARREST, SEARCH & SEIZURE. 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the conclusion of this unit the students will have clear understanding
of various types of arrest, search and seizure under the Cr.PC.

Page 32 of 76
Meaning and Purpose; Arrest with / without Warrant. Arrest how made; After arrest
procedures; Rights of Arrested Persons, Consequences of non-compliance with provisions of
arrest. Search & seizure with/without warrant & consequences thereof. (S. 41-60A, Cr. PC).
UNIT 3: INVESTIGATION. 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Through this unit students come to know the various aspects of
investigation.
Meaning & purpose; When to investigate, Information to the police, FIR, Procedure after
recording the FIR, Power to require attendance of witnesses, Power to interrogate witnesses
& to record their statements, Evidentiary value of statements made to police, Power of
Judicial Magistrate to record confessions/ statements, Case Diary, Procedure to follow on
completion of investigation, Investigations & inquiries into cause of unnatural deaths,
suicides, of death in police custody etc. (S. 154- 176, Cr. PC.)
UNIT 4: BAIL& ANTICIPATORY BAIL. 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This unit gives the students an understanding of how the provisions
relating to bail work.
Mandatory Bail; Bail in cases of non-bailable offenses, Powers of High Court & Sessions
Court in granting bail; Anticipatory Bail; Cancelation of Bail; Provisions regarding bond of
accused and sureties. (S.436-439, Cr. PC).
UNIT 5: COGNIZANCE, CHARGE, TRIAL& PLEA BARGAINING. 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: in this Unit the students learn how the charge is made and how the trial is
conducted.
Meaning and Object of Cognizance, Cognizance of offences by Magistrates and Court of
Session, making over of cases to Magistrates, Meaning, Form and Content of Charge;
Alteration of Charge, Basic rules regarding charge and trial; Trial of Warrant Cases: (a)
before a Sessions Court, (b) before a Magistrate; Trial of Summons Cases, Summary Trials,
Plea Bargaining. (S. 190-199, S.211-224, S.225-265, S.265A- 265L, Cr. PC.)
UNIT 6: JUDGMENT & APPEAL 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: In this Unit the students are given a picture of the process on how a
judgment is pronounced and how an appeal is preferred.
Form and Contents; Post Conviction Orders; Compensation & Costs; Pronouncement of
Judgment. Appeal from convictions, Appeals to superior courts, Procedure for dealing with
an Appeal and powers of appellate courts.(S.353-363, S.372-394, Cr. PC)
UNIT 7: REFERENCE, REVISION & TRANSFER. 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This unit tells the students how the process of reference, revision and
transfer protect the life and liberty of the accused.
Reference to High Court, Revision: Powers of the Sessions Court and High Court for
Revision, Powers of the Supreme Court/ High Court and Sessions Court to transfer Cases and
Appeals. Inherent Powers of High Court.(S.395-412, S. 482. Cr. PC.)

Page 33 of 76
UNIT 8: EXECUTION, SUSPENSION, REMISSION & COMMUTATION OF
SENTENCES 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: In this Unit the students are taught the process of execution of a sentence,
suspension, remission & commutation of sentence etc once the trial court hands out a
judgment.
Death Sentence, Imprisonment, Levy of Fine, Suspension, Remission & Commutation of
sentences.( S.413-424 Cr. PC.)
UNIT 9: MISCELLANEOUS, MAINTENANCE OF WIVES, CHILDREN & PARENTS,
PREVENTIVE MEASURES & SECURITY PROCEEDINGS 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Under thus Unit students are made aware of the ways by which law
prevents starvation and vagrancy etc leading to commission of crimes. Students are taught
under this unit how apart from having provisions leading to criminal trial, how the Code has
also made provisions for the prevention of crimes.
Persons entitled to claim maintenance, Essential conditions for granting maintenance,
Jurisdiction of Magistrates, Enforcement of the Order of Maintenance, Alteration of
Allowance (S. 125-128. Cr.PC).
Preventive action of the Police: Security for keeping peace, for good behaviour, Action under
S.107-110. Dispersal of Unlawful Assemblies, Removal of public nuisance, Urgent Cases of
apprehended danger or nuisance.(S. 107-110, 129-153, Cr. PC.)
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. (Compulsory Reading)
2. Ratanlal and Dheerajlal. Criminal Procedure Code. Nagpur: Wadhwa, 2006. (Text Book)
3. KNC Pillai (Ed): RV Kelkar’s Lectures on Criminal Procedure. Eastern Book Company,
Lucknow, 2013.
4. SN Mishra: The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973; Central Law Publications, Allahabad.
(2013).
5. Mitra, B. B. Criminal Procedure Code. Kolkata: Kamal Law House, 2005.
6. Gaur K.D. Textbook on the Code of Criminal Procedure, Universal Law Publication, 2016.
7. RV Kelkar’s Criminal Procedure, Eastern Book Company, Latest Edition.
8. Takwani Criminal Procedure, Lexis Nexis, 4th Edition, 2015.

129136 Intellectual Property Law 6

UNIT 1: HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

10 Hrs.

Page 34 of 76
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students will be equipped to appreciate the
territorial evolution and the international and global expansion of intellectual property
together with its philosophical and economic underpinnings.
Historical Evolution of IPR Protection – Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Designs, GI, Plant
Varieties, Lay-out designs of ICs; Philosophical & Theoretical Justifications; International
Protection – Paris Convention, Bern Convention, Lisbon & Madrid Agreement, TRIPS
Agreement
UNIT 2: PATENTS 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit enables the students to understand the fundamental aspects of
patents, especially the criteria for patentability and patentees’ rights together with the
procedural aspects of acquisition and enforcement
Objectives of Patent Law; Meaning, Subject matter and eligibility; Procedure for Acquisition
– Contents of Application; Provisional & Complete Specification; Procedure for Filing;
Procedure for grant of patents – Anticipation; Ownership and assignment; Limitations and
Exceptions to Patent Rights – Government use, Compulsory Licensing; Infringement and acts
not amounting to infringement (their relation to limitations and exceptions); maintenance
surrender and revocation of patents; Powers of the Controller
UNIT 3: COPYRIGHT 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students would be able to appreciate the
various works protected by copyright, management and transfer of rights and law relating to
infringement.
Objectives of copyright protection; eligibility; Meaning of copyright; originality and idea-
expression dichotomy Works protected under copyright; Economic Rights, Moral rights and
neighbouring rights; Registration of copyright; ownership, licensing and assignment;
copyright societies; Limitations and Exceptions; Infringement; Technological Protection
Measures
UNIT 4: TRADEMARK 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit makes the students understand the requisite conceptual as well
as statutory provisions pertaining to trademarks and various trends in relation to passing off.
Objectives and functions of trademark protection – registration of trademarks and service
marks; concept of distinctiveness and consumer deception – grounds for refusal of
registration; well-known marks and dilution – passing off and infringement; Registration of
domain names; Cyber squatting
UNIT 5: DESIGNS 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Study of this Unit gives a holistic view of the different facets of designs.
Objectives of design protection – criteria for protection - grounds of refusal and element of
functionality – rights – ownership and assignment of right – infringement; Overlap between
copyright and designs

Page 35 of 76
UNIT 6: EXPANDING HORIZONS OF IP 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit enables the students, at the end, to appreciate IP as a response
to new technology and also the areas of conflict emerging out of IPR
Protection of Semiconductor Chips; Geographical Indications; Plant Varieties – Farmers’
Rights, Biodiversity, Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expressions

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Subram, N. R. Demystifying Intellectual Property Rights. New Delhi: LexisNexis –
Butterworths Wadhwa, Nagpur, 2009.
2. Bainbridge, David. Intellectual Property. 5th ed. Pearson Education, 2003.
3. Torremans, Paul, and Jon Holyoak, Intellectual Property Law. 2nd ed. Butterworths, 1988.
4. Bains, Willam. Biotechnology from A to Z. 2nd ed. VCH, Federal Republic of Germany,
1998.
5. Bainbridge, David. Intellectual Property. 5th ed. Addison-Wesley Longman Ltd, 2002.
6. Colston, Catherine, and Kirsty Middleton. Modern Intellectual Property Law. 2nded,
Cavendish Publishing, 2005.
129147 Clinical Paper-I: Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing 4
UNIT 1: DRAFTING
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students would be in a position to appreciate the
quintessential norms of drafting deviation from which would scuttle the prospects of a case.
General principles of drafting, Substantive rules
UNIT 2: PLEADINGS (CIVIL)
Learning Outcome: On studying this Unit, students will be able to write plaints as well as
other civil pleadings.
Plaint, written statement, IA, OP, Affidavit, Execution Petition, Memorandum of Appeal and
Revision Petition, petitions under Art. 226 and Art. 32 of the Constitution
UNIT 3: PLEADINGS (CRIMINAL)
Learning Outcome: This Unit enables the students to understand the prerequisites of the
criminal pleadings.
Complaint, Criminal Miscellaneous Petition, Bail Application, Memorandum of Appeal and
Revision Petition.
UNIT 4: CONVEYANCE
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students would have an understanding of the
principles of conveyancing and in fact draft these.

Page 36 of 76
Sale Deed, Mortgage Deed, Lease Deed, Gift Deed, Promissory Note, Power of Attorney,
Will, Trust Deed
UNIT 5: LEGAL SCRUTINY REPORTS
Learning Outcome: This Unit enables the students to acquire the relevant strategies for
scrutinizing the reports.
UNIT 6: JUDGEMENT WRITING
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students would be honing the skills of judgment
writing.
The course will be taught through class instructions and simulation exercises, preferably with
assistance of practising lawyers/retired judges.
Apart from teaching relevant provisions of law, the course may include not less than 15
practical exercises in drafting carrying a total of 45 marks (3 marks for each) and 15 exercises
conveyancing carrying 45 marks (3 marks for each exercise) remaining 10 marks will be
given for via voce.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Sengupta, Ajit K. Maumdar’s Law Relating to Notices. Kolkata: Eastern Law House Pvt.
Ltd., 2005.
2. Mogha G. C. Mogha’s Law of Pleadings in India with Precedents. 17th ed. Lucknow:
Eastern Book Company, 2006 (2009).
3. Shrivastava J. M. Mogha’s Indian Conveyancer. 14th ed. Lucknow: Eastern Book
Company, 2009.
4. Bindra, M. S. Bindra's Pleading & Practice Vol. 1 & 2. New Delhi: Universal Law
Publishing, 2010.
5. Parimeswaran, S. Law of Affidavit. New Delhi: Universal Law Publishing, 2003.
6. Rathwade, Rajaram S. Legal Drafting, Pune: Hind Law House, 2010.

SEMESTER - IV
129171 Labour and Industrial Law 6

UNIT 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION 3 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students are expected to appreciate the evolution
of industrial jurisprudence and the crusader's role played by our apex Court in this regard.
They would be also able to analyze the philosophical undercurrents of social security, laced
with the constitutional and international ethos.

Page 37 of 76
Industrial Jurisprudence; Labour Policy in India; Industrial Revolution in India; Evils of
Industrialisation, Economic Evils, Social Evils; Labour Problems; Industrial Peace and
Industrial Harmony; Industrial Relations; Principles of Labour Legislation; Social Justice;
Social Equity; Social Security; Growth of Labour Legislation in India; Industrial
Adjudication; Globalization and Labour, The concept of Social Security, constitutional
foundations and the role of ILO.
UNIT 2: INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ACT, 1947; THE INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYMENT
(STANDING ORDERS) ACT, 1946; TRADE UNIONS ACT, 1926 22 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit makes the students understand the brooding omni potence of
ID Act, 1947, in resolution of industrial disputes as a means to ensure industrial peace.
Students would get, after studying this Unit, a comprehensive idea about the paramountcy of
standing orders and domestic inquiry goaded by the principles of natural justice as an
effective tool of ensuring workers' wellbeing. Study of this Unit imbibes in the students the
requisite knowledge of the significance of trade unionism and the crucial role played by
collective bargaining in taking the labour philosophy to its logical conclusion.1
INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ACT, 1947:Historical Development; Scope and applicability of
Act; Definitions – Appropriate Government; Workman; Industry; Industrial Disputes; Award;
Settlement; Public Utility Service; Strike; Lock Out; Retrenchment; Lay Off; Closure, etc.;
Reference and Settlement of Industrial Disputes, Works Committee, Conciliation Officers,
Board of Conciliation, Court of Inquiry, Labor Court, Industrial Tribunal, National Industrial
Tribunal, Reference Power of Government, Voluntary Arbitration, Procedure and Powers and
Duties of Authorities; Strikes; Lock Outs; Lay-Off; retrenchment; Unfair Labor Practices;
Representation of Parties; Protection of Worker Representation.
THE INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYMENT (STANDING ORDERS) ACT, 1946:Draft Standing
Order; conditions for certification of standing orders; appeals; Register of Standing Orders;
Temporary application of model standing orders.
TRADE UNIONS ACT, 1926: History of Trade Union Movement; Definitions; Registration
of Trade Unions; Rights and Liabilities of Trade Unions; Immunities and Privileges of a
Registered Trade Union; Trade Union Funds Trade Recognition of Union; Collective
Bargaining; Amalgamation; Dissolution of Trade Unions.

UNIT 3: FACTORIES ACT, 1948; EMPLOYEES STATE INSURANCE ACT, 1948 13 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit enables the students to view the health, safety and welfare
measures contemplated for workers in a comprehensive manner, especially in light of the
LPG, and to take stock of the reforms needed. Students would be invigorated to analyze the
insurance requirements of the workers from a multifarious perspective after studying this
Unit.
FACTORIES ACT, 1948:Introduction, Scope, Applicability, Definitions: factory, occupier,
manufacturing process, hazardous process, worker, approval, Licensing and Registration of
Factories, Notice by Occupier, Duties of Occupier and Manufacturer, Health, Safety and

Page 38 of 76
Welfare Measures, Working hours of Adults, Employment of Young Persons, Leaves and
Wages, Special Provisions.
EMPLOYEES STATE INSURANCE ACT, 1948: Objects, salient features, application and
definitions, dependent, employment, employee, apprentice, family manufacturing process,
factory, occupier, disablement, wages, expenses from ESI fund, contribution; recovery of
contributions, benefits
UNIT 4 – EMPLOYEES’ COMPENSATION ACT, 1923; MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT,
1961 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit enables the students to analyze the judicial delineation of an
employer's liability, as against an accident arising out of and in the course of employment
with special reference to the notional extension of employment, to pay compensation in
certain cases. Study of this Unit cajoles the students to appreciate the maternity benefit in a
holistic perspective.
EMPLOYEES’ COMPENSATION ACT, 1923: Employees’ Compensation – Employer’s
Liability – Commissioners – Rules.
MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT, 1961: Objects, salient features, application and definitions,
prohibition of employment during certain periods, right to payment of maternity benefit;
powers and duties of inspectors;
UNIT 5: MINIMUM WAGES ACT, 1948; THE PAYMENT OF WAGES ACT, 1936; THE
EMPLOYEES’ PROVIDENT FUND & MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS ACT, 1952 10
Hrs.
Learning Outcome: By studying this Unit, students would be able to appreciate the raison
d'etre behind the constitutional and societal craving for minimum wage. At the end of this
Unit, students will be able to discuss the intricacies involved in the payment of wages,
especially the deductions. Study of this Unit will enable the students to discuss, apart from
the legal provisions, the contemporary debate on EPF and workers' vulnerability in this
regard.
MINIMUM WAGES ACT, 1948:Objects, salient features, applications and definition of the
Act, ‘scheduled employment’, minimum wages and fixation of minimum wages, employee,
overtime, piece work, claims, offences and penalties, exemptions and exceptions;
THE PAYMENT OF WAGES ACT, 1936:Objects, salient features, application and
definitions, Payment of wages and deductions from wages, authorities under the Act and
procedures, penalty for offences under the Act.
THE EMPLOYEES’ PROVIDENT FUND & MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS ACT,
1952: Objects, salient features, application and definitions; EPF Scheme; employees pension
scheme, Protection against attachment, priority of payment if contributions over other debts,
penalties, offences by companies, establishment exempted from EPF Act, Transfer of
Account and liability in case of transfer of establishment
SUGGESTED READINGS

Page 39 of 76
1. Bhatia. Constructive Industrial Relations and Labor Laws, 2003.
2. Kumar, Labour Problems and Remedies, 2007.
3. Kumar, H. L. Obligations of Employer Under Labour Law, Delhi 2005.
4. Kumar, Sanjeev. Industrial and Labour Laws, 2004.
5. Pillai, Madhavan. Labour and Industrial Law, 1998.
6. Pai G. B. Labour Law in India, 2001.
7. Sharath Babu. Social Justice and Labour Jurisprudence, 2007.
8. Sharma, J. P. Simplified Approach to Labour Laws, 2006.
9. Srivastava. Commentaries on the Factories Act, 1948.
10. Srivastava. Labour Law & Labour Realtuiobs: Cases and Materials, 2007.

129172 Honours Paper-I: Law of Banking 6

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 6 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will have a clear understanding of
banking in India and the law related to banking.
Evolution of banking institutions, services of banks – Functions of commercial banks, social
control on banks, Nationalization of Banks, Institutional frame work of banking, Reserve
Bank of India and its role – functions of the Reserve Bank of India – RBI and commercial
banks
UNIT 2: BANKING REGULATION ACT, 1949 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to describe the
provisions of Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
Business of banking companies – National banks, management of national banks –
Achievement of nationalized banks, control over management – Acquisitions of the
undertakings of banking companies in certain cases, suspension of business and winding up
of banking companies – Special provisions for speedy disposal of winding up proceedings
UNIT 3: BANKING ORGANIZATIONS 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will have clarity about different
banking institutions in India.
Private individuals, Partnership firms, Hindu Joint Family system – Banking corporations
UNIT 4: BANKER AND CUSTOMER 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the definitions
of banker and customer and their relations with each other.

Page 40 of 76
Definitions of banker and customer – General relation between banker and customer – special
features of the relationship; statutory obligations on banks in India – banker’s general lien –
banker obligation, Unremunerative accounts – Law of limitation and despots
UNIT 5: BORROWING 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to describe different
forms of borrowing and the rules related to them.
Forms of borrowing, discounting bills – participation certificates, Bank deposits – fixed or
time deposits –savings deposits – current deposits- attachment of deposits by Income Tax
Authorities, Opening of new accounts – special types of customers: minors – married women
– joint accounts, Insolvency of joint account holder- drawing of cheques – survivorship –
nomination – power to overdraw – husband and wife – joint stock companies, Precautions to
be taken in opening accounts – opening of partnership accounts – handling of companies
accounts
UNIT 6: BANKING OPERATIONS 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain cheques as
negotiable instruments and their role in banking transactions
Negotiable instruments and their characteristics, Payment of cheques – protection to the
paying banker, Crossing of cheques – payment of customers cheques, Collecting banker and
customer account
UNIT 7: GUARANTEE 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss securing bank
loans by guarantee.
Guarantee, Obligations of the Banker – rights of baker against surety, Termination of
guarantee, Letters of Credit and Bank Guarantee
UNIT 8: ADVANCES SECURED BY COLLATERAL SECURITIES AND LAWS
RELATING DEBT RECOVERY 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss the collateral
securities to secure bank loans and laws relating to debt recovery.
Modes of securing advances, Bankers lien, pledge and mortgage of movables, Hypothecation
– advances against goods and document of title to goods. Special features of Recovery of
Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993. The Securitisation and
Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 The
Consumer Protection Act, 1986 Banking Ombudsman Lok Adalats Lender's Liability Act.
UNIT 9: ELECTRONIC BANKING 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the issues
related to e-banking.
Regulation of credit and debit cards, RBI notifications and circulars; online banking – risks
and management; Electronic Fund transfer plain messages (Telex or data communication) -

Page 41 of 76
structured messages (SWIFT, etc...) - RTGS Information Technology - Current trends -
Banknet, RBI net, Datanet, Nicnet, I-net, Internet, E-mail, etc...- Role and uses of technology
up gradation - GloBBL developments in Banking Technology - Protecting the confidentiality
and secrecy of data - effect on customers and service quality.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Cranston, Ross. Principles of Banking Law. New York : Oxford University Press, 1997.
2. Tannan, M. L. Tannan’s Banking Law and Practice in India. New Delhi: LexisNexis
ButterworthsWadhwa, 2010.
3. Blair, William. Banking and Financial Services Regulation. London: Butterworths, 1998.
4. Misra, Ranganath. Bhashyam and Adiga’sThe Negotiable Instruments Act. 18thed. New
Delhi: Bharat Law House, 2010.
5. Faizi, O. P. Khergamvala on The Negotiable Instruments Act. 19thed. New Delhi:
LexisNexis Buterworths, 2003.
6. Sharma, K. M., and S. P. Mago. The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. Jodhpur: Unique
Law Publishers, 2005.
7. Hapgood, Mark Q C. Paget’s Law of Banking. 13thed. New Delhi: LexisNexis
Butterworths, 2007.
8. Ellinger, E. P. Ellinger's Modern Banking Law. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.

129173 Honours Paper-II: Law of Insurance 6

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 6 Hrs.

Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will have clear understanding of the
business of insurance in India and the different aspects relating to insurance and the emerging
trends in insurance.
Meaning of insurance and its importance, Historical background, Development and growth of
insurance industry in India, Nationalization of insurance business in India, Entry of private
players, Emerging trends in insurance sector – burglary and theft insurance, aviation
insurance, liability insurance, group insurance, agricultural insurance.
UNIT 2: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF INSURANCE LAW 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will have detailed knowledge of the
basic principles of law of insurance in India. How insurance commences, the concept of
premium and the risks covered under insurance. This Unit also distinguishes between Re-
insurance and Insurance.
Essentials of insurance law, Provisions of the Constitution, obligations to the rural and social
sector, Law relating insurance in India, Contract of insurance, Good faith, Misrepresentation,
Warranties, Conditions, Indemnity and subrogation, Proximate cause, Insurance and

Page 42 of 76
consumer protection, Insurable interest, Commencement of insurance policy, Utmost good
faith, Reinsurance, Proximate cause, Risks, Double Insurance, Premium- definition- mode of
payment-days of grace-forfeiture- return of the premium.
UNIT 3: LIFE INSURANCE 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to describe the law
relating to life insurance in India. The life insurance contract and the events insured under life
insurance and the persons entitled to claim life policy amount will also be dealt in this Unit.
Introduction, Formation of Life insurance contract, General nature of Life Insurance
Contract, LIC Policy and Art. 14, Mutual assent, Assignment and nominations, Risk covered
in life insurance, events insured in Life Insurance, circumstances affecting the risk, amount
recoverable under Life Policy, Persons entitled to payment, Settlement of Claim and Payment
of Money.
UNIT 4: MARINE INSURANCE 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to describe the law
relating to marine insurance in India.
Scope of marine insurance, Marine Insurance Act, Mixed sea and land risks, Carriage of
goods by sea
UNIT 5: FIRE INSURANCE 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to describe the law
relating to fire insurance in India.
Condition precedent in fire insurance, Standard fire Policy, Fire claim and amount
recoverable.
UNIT 6: OTHER TYPES OF INSURANCE 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to describe the other
types of insurance in India and the law relating to the motor vehicles and liability insurance in
India.
Insurance of motor vehicles, Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Accident Insurance. Liability
Insurance.
UNIT 7: REGULATORY AUTHORITIES 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to describe the
regulation of insurance business in India. The scope of FDI in insurance and the relevant
changes enumerated in Insurance Act 1938.
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority, Tariff Advisory committee, Insurance
Association of India, Councils and Committees, Ombudsmen, Insurance intermediaries –
insurance agents, surveyors, loss assessors, third party administrators, Amendments to the
Insurance Act, scope of FDI in Insurance.
UNIT 8: REGISTRATION OF INSURANCE COMPANY 6 Hrs.

Page 43 of 76
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the
requirements of registration of insurance companies and the relevant IRDA Regulations
concerning the topic.
General registration requirements, capital structure requirements, Certificate of Registration,
renewal, cancellation and revival, deposits, investments, submission of returns, actuary,
advertisements. IRDA Regulations.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Srinivasan, Principles of Insurance Law. 8th ed. Wadhva& Co, 2006
2. Jaiswal, J. V. N. Law of Insurance. Lucknow: Eastern Book Co., 2008.
3. Bhargava, B. P. (Ed.) Rajiv Jain’s Insurance Law & Practice. 2nded. New Delhi: Vidhi
Publishing Pvt. Ltd., 2006.
4. Singh, Avtar. Law of Insurance. Lucknow: Eastern Book Co., 2004.
5. Murthy, K. S. N. and K. V. S. Sarma. Modern Law of Insurance. 4thed. New Delhi:
LexisNexis Butterworths, 2002.
6. Srinivasan, M. N. Srinivasan's Principles of Insurance Law. 9th ed. Gurgaon:
LexisNexisButterworthsWadhwa Nagpur, 2009.

Elective-I
129174 A. Philosophy of Law 4
B. Public International Law

A. Philosophy of Law
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: This UNIT will facilitate the
students with skills to understand the concept of law in a philosophical and analytical
manner.
Nature of Legal Philosophy, Legality of Law, Law as Justice, Custom, opinion and
consent
UNIT 2: LEGAL POSITIVISM 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Learning legal positivism
will help the students to analyse the evolution of legislation as a source of law,
distinguishing between law and morality.
John Austin, Bentham’s theory of law, Positivism and separation of law and morals, Pure
theory of Law – Kelsen
UNIT 3: NATURAL LAW 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Students will develop a clarity
about the contribution of natural law theories to the development of law.
Philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, Natural law and legal reasoning, Dividing line
between natural law theory and legal positivism, Legal Theory – Ronald Dworkin

Page 44 of 76
UNIT 4: LEGAL REALISM 15 Hrs. Learning Outcome: Development of critical legal
theory and the way it attacks realism and thus enhancing the analytical skills of students.
Normative and critical theory, American realism, Path of the Law – O. W. Holmes,
Scandinavian legal realism, Economic analysis of law
UNIT 5: SOCIOLOGICAL SCHOOL 10 Hrs. Learning Outcome: On completion of this
UNIT students will be able to understand the social origins of law and legal institutions,
their impact and their tasks in society.
Jhering, Echrlich and Roscoe Pound on social engineering.
UNIT 6: PHILOSOPHY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 5 Hrs. Learning Outcome:
International law has emerged as subject matter of philosophical investigation. This UNIT
makes the students clear about moral and political values that guided development of
international law and institutions
Philosophy of Property, Theory of Liability, Enforcement of morals
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. May, Larry, and Jeff Brown (Eds.). Philosophy of Law: Classic and Contemporary
Readings. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
2. Pound, Roscoe. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Law. New Delhi: Universal Law
Publishing Co. Pvt Ltd., 1922 [2006].
3. Finch, John D. Introduction to Legal Theory. 2nded. New Delhi: Universal Law
Publishing Co., 1979 [2009].
4. Hart, H.L.A. The Concept of Law. 2nded. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1961
[2005].
5. White, Jefferson, and Dennis Patterson. Introduction to the Philosophy of Law:
Readings and Cases. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
6. Bix, Brian H. Philosophy of Law: Critical Concepts in Philosophy. 4 Vols. London:
Routledge, 2006.

B. Public International Law

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL LAW 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to understand the
nature and definition of international law and its significance along with other related
aspects. The Unit will help the students to analyse the scope and ambit of this discipline.
Definition, Nature, Relationship and Difference between Public International Law and
Private International Law, Importance of International Law, Theory of Law of Nature,
Theory of Positivism, True Basis of International Law, Theory of Consent, Theory of
Auto Limitation, Pacta Sunt Servanda, New trends.

Page 45 of 76
UNIT 2: SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 9 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to analyse the
various sources of international law along with its significance. The Unit also focuses on
the evolving prominent sources of international law such as soft laws, jus cogens etc.
Conventions, Customs, General Principles of Law, Judicial Decisions, Works of Jurists.
UNIT 3: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUNICIPAL LAW AND INTERNATIONAL
LAW 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to appreciate the
enforceability and validity of international law within the national jurisdictions.
Relationship between international law and municipal law, Doctrines of Monism and
Dualism, Automatic Adoption and Specific Adoption.
UNIT 4: LAW OF TREATIES 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to understand the
significance of treaties and its validity, observance and termination.
Introduction to treaty law, Conclusion of treaties, Reservations, Observance, Application
and Interpretation of Treaties, Modification and Amendment of Treaties, Invalidity,
Termination and Suspension of Treaties.
UNIT 5: STATEHOOD AND RECOGNITION 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will have clarity on states and
entities similar to states that are treated as subjects of international law. The traditional
and modern incidence of statehood and the concept of recognition which follows
statehood are also discussed with the help of significant case laws.
Subjects of international law: Individuals, States; International Organizations; Non State
Entities; Entities Sui Generis, Definition and Incidence of Statehood; Rights and Duties
of States; Recognition – Theories, Modes, Effects of Recognition.
UNIT 6: STATE TERRITORY AND STATE SUCCESSION 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to understand the
concepts associated with state territory. Modes of acquisition and loss of territory and
state succession also is dealt with in detail.
State Territory; Modes of Acquisition; Modes of Loss, Definition of State Succession;
Rights and Duties Arising out of State Succession
UNIT 7: STATE JURISDICTION AND RESPONSIBILITY 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to gauge the scope
and ambit of state jurisdiction, state responsibility and diplomatic and consular immunity
under international law.

Page 46 of 76
State Jurisdiction and Responsibility; Theories of Jurisdiction; Elements of
Responsibility; Diplomatic and Consular Immunity in International Law.
UNIT 8: LAW OF THE SEA 10 Hrs.
Law of the Sea under UNCLOS, Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone, EEZ, Continental
Shelf and the High Seas. Exercise jurisdiction in various zones and exploitation of
resources, common heritage of mankind.
UNIT 9: NATIONALITY, ASYLUM AND EXTRADITION 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the learner will be able to decipher the
principles related to nationality, extradition and asylum.
Nationality: Meaning; Modes of Acquisition of Nationality; Loss of Nationality; Principle
of Effective Nationality (Nottebohm case); Statelessness; Extradition: Meaning; Basic
Principles; Conditions; Asylum: Meaning and Definition; Conditions for seeking asylum;
Relationship between Asylum and Extradition; Distinction between Asylum seekers and
Refugees
UNIT 10: SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit the learner will be able to understand the
pacific means of settlement of disputes under international law. The jurisdiction of ICJ
and other specialized chambers are also discussed in this regard.
Means of Settlement: Arbitration, Negotiation, Good Offices, Mediation, Conciliation,
Enquiry; Settlement of International Disputes under the United Nations; International
Court of Justice and other adjudicatory bodies.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Brownlie, Ian. Principles of Public International Law, by James Crawford, 8th ed.
Oxford, 2012
2. Venzke, How Interpretation makes International Law, 2013, Oxford University Press.
3. Garcia-Salmones Rovira, Project of Positivism in International Law, 2014, Oxford
University Press.
4. Walter et al (eds.), Self Determination and Secession in International Law, 2014,
Oxford University Press.
5. Cassese, Antonio, International Law, 2nd ed. Oxford University Press.
6. Shearer, I. A. Starke’s International Law. 11th ed. Eastern Book Co., 2007, Lucknow.

Elective-II
129175 A. Law and Economics 4
B. Land Law

A. Law and Economics

Page 47 of 76
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO LAW AND ECONOMICS 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to understand the
fundamental concepts in economic analysis of law and the history of the Law and
Economics movement
Fundamental concepts: Value, Utility, Efficiency, History of Law and Economics,
Economic vs Legal reasoning, the economic approach, criticisms of economic approach
UNIT 2: PUBLIC REGULATION OF MARKET AND NATURAL MONOPOLY 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to analytically
discuss the problems of unregulated monopoly and Natural Monopoly, along with their
economic and efficiency consequences
Monopolies Restriction; Price and Output; Efficiency consequence of Monopoly,
Economic Objections to Monopoly: Innovation and Cost Minimization, Competition for
the Market and Durability.
Control of profits and the problem of reasonable return, Incentive regulation, Regulation
of rate structures and entry, Demand for regulation, Deregulation: privatization.
UNIT 3: ECONOMICS OF REGULATORY REGIME 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to apply cost benefit
analysis technique to given problems.
Cost benefit Analysis as a Regulatory tool; Cost benefit analysis and the problem of
gloBBL warming; Consumer fraud; Mandated Disclosure; Safety and health; Direct
regulation of pollution Traffic congestion; CIA for construction of Major Dams.
UNIT 4: ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF PROPERTY 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the
interrelation between economics and law.
Economic theory of property rights; Intellectual property rights and privacy; property
rights in broadcasting rights and Airwave auctions; Incompatible Uses and right to future
uses; Economics forest rights of forest dwellers; Pollution: Nuisance and easement
approaches; Public land, trespass, eminent domain and valuation of property damages
during “bandh”.
UNIT 5: ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CONTRACTS 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to understand the
process of exchange and the economic roles of contract law.
Definition of contracts, economics of contracts and contract law, types of contracts and
contract problems, economic functions of contract laws.
UNIT 6: ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF TORTS 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the
method of computation of damages.

Page 48 of 76
Economics of accidents and liability formula for negligence; victim fault: contributory
and comparative negligence; computing damages and / or compensation; Damages for
pain and suffering, mental agony and torture, human life; Risk of overcompensation.
UNIT 7: ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CRIMINAL LAW 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the need
for integrating economic reasoning in crime prevention.
Optimal Criminal Sanctions; Pardons; courts awarding compensation for offences
committed, by its agent or third parties; Economics of Organized Crime; War on Drugs;
Victim compensation; Defense of necessity; punishment of terrorists.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Posner, Richard A. Economic Analysis of Law 7th ed., New York: Wolters Law &
Business, Aspen Publishers, 2007.
2. Cooter, Robert, and Thomas Ulen. Law & Economics 6th ed. Delhi: First Indian
Reprint, Eastern Book Company, 2004.
3. Polinsky, Mitchell A. An Introduction to Law and Economics 3rded, Aspen Publishers,
2003.
4. Shavell,Steven. Economic Analysis of Law, Foundation Press,2004
5. Veljanovski, Cento. Economic Principles of Law, Cambridge University Press, 2007.

B. Land Law
Module‐I: Land ReformI: Land Reform
 Concept of Land Reform;
 Land Reforms and India.
Module‐I: Land ReformII: Land Reforms in WB
 Land Reforms in West Bengal;
 Operation Barga.
Module‐I: Land ReformIII: THE WEST BENGAL LAND REFORMS ACT, 1956
 Definitions. (Section 2)
 Raiyats: Various rights; restrictions on rights (Sections 4‐I: Land Reform7)
 Pre‐I: Land Reform emption (Section‐I: Land Reform 8)
 Powers of Revenue Officer (Section 9, and powers under other provisions under the
Act)
 Diluvated Land (Section 11)
 Partition of holding among Co‐I: Land Reform sharer Raiyats (Section 14)

Page 49 of 76
  Restrictions on alienation of Land by Schedule Tribes (Sections 14A‐I: Land Reform 14I)
 Ceiling on Holding (Sections 14J‐I: Land Reform 14Z)
 Bargadars (Sections 15‐I: Land Reform 21E)
 Principles of Distribution of Land (Sections 49‐I: Land Reform 49A) Page‐I: Land Reform56
Module‐I: Land ReformIV: THE LAND ACQUISITION ACT, 1894
 Definitions (Section 3)
 Acquisition (Sections 4‐I: Land Reform 10)
 Reference to Court and Procedure thereon (Sections 18‐I: Land Reform 28A)
 Acquisition of land for Companies (Sections 38A‐I: Land Reform 44B)
Module‐I: Land ReformV: THE WEST BENGAL PREMISES TENANCY ACT, 1997
 Definitions (Section 2)
 Eviction: (Sections 6‐I: Land Reform 7)
 Fair Rent: (Sections 17‐I: Land Reform 22)
 Appointment of Controller,
 Additional and Deputy Controller and Registrar: (Section 39)
 Final Hearing of certain applications: (Section 42)
 Appeal, Revision and Review: Fair Rent: (Section 43) Bare Acts:
 The West Bengal Land Reforms Act, 1956
 The Land Acquisition Act, 1894
 The West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act, 1997
RECOMMENDED READING:
 The West Bengal Land Reforms Act. : A. N. Saha,
 The West Bengal Land Reforms Act. : SusantaSen,
 The West Bengal Land Reforms Act. : D. P. Chatterjee,
 The West Bengal Land Reforms Act. : Ashutosh Mukherjee

129186 Clinical Paper-II: Alternative Dispute Resolution 4

UNIT 1: NEGOTIATION SKILLS 20 Marks Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit,
students would acquire the conceptual as well as the necessary practical approach to the art of
Negotiation.
Importance of Negotiation as a method of Conflict Resolution, Negotiation Skills and
Behaviour, Rule of law; Ethics and Policies, Simulation Exercises.

Page 50 of 76
UNIT 2: MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SKILLS 20 Marks Learning Outcome: This
Unit enables the students to learn the about Mediation and Conciliation skills.
Meaning of Mediation, Advantages, Characteristics, Appointment of Mediator, fixation of
fee, restrictions on mediation, Mediation models- Med-Arb, Arb-Med, Role of Mediators,
Simulation Exercises.
Conciliation-Meaning, conciliation as a mode of settlement of disputes, distinction between
negotiation, mediation and conciliation, advantages, Appointment of conciliators,
commencement of conciliation proceedings, submission of statements, communication
between conciliator and the parties, Role of a conciliator, settlement agreement- status and
effect. Termination of conciliation proceedings; costs and deposits, Simulation Exercises.
UNIT 3: ARBITRATION 60 Marks Learning Outcome: Upon studying this Unit, students
would get the required knowledge about the legal regime on Arbitration.
Arbitration - Introduction to Arbitration– meaning, scope, concept, terminology, history of
Arbitration, types of Arbitration, Arbitration agreement, seat of arbitration, Arbitral
Proceedings, statement of claim and defense, Arbitral Tribunal - Composition, eligibility and
qualifications of arbitrators. Termination or a mandate of arbitral Tribunal's and of
arbitrators, appointment of arbitrators and filling up of vacancies, powers and functions of
Arbitral Tribunal's, Arbitral award-recourse and enforcement, rules of procedure, Online
Dispute Resolution, Simulation Exercises.
The course is required to be conducted by senior legal practitioners through simulation and
case studies.
SUGGESTED READING:
1. A Practical Approach to Alternative Dispute Resolution. Stuart Sime , Susan Blake , Julie
Browne: Oxford University Press, USA, 2014
2. Alternative Dispute Resolution: A Developing World Perspective. Albert Fiadjoe:
Routledge, 2013.
3. Nolan-Haley, Jacqueline M. Alternative dispute resolution. St Paul, Minn : West Group,
2001.
4. Markanda, P.C. 7th ed. Law relating to arbitration and conciliation: commentary on the
arbitration and conciliation act, 1996. New Delhi : LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa
Nagpur, 2009.

SEMESTER-V
129181 Administrative Law 6

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 6 Hrs.

Page 51 of 76
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss the basic
doctrines of administrative law and to distinguish between the various functions of
administration.
Evolution, Nature and Scope of Administrative Law, (Reasons for the growth of
Administrative Law in 21st century In India) Laissez-faire State, Social Welfare State, and
Modern State, Comparative evolution, Definition, Nature and Scope, Relationship between
Administrative Law and Constitutional Law.
Classification of Functions of government, Doctrine of rule of Law, Doctrine of Separation of
powers.
UNIT 2: DELEGATED LEGISLATION AND QUASI LEGISLATION 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to describe delegated
legislation and quasi legislation and distinguish between them
Concept, Growth and Development, Classification, Comparative position – UK; USA; India,
Excessive Delegation, (Quasi Legislation and Sub – ordinate Legislation) – Constitutional
Limits, Control Mechanism
UNIT 3: NATURAL JUSTICE 12 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss the concept
and components of natural justice and explain the effect of failure of natural justice.
Concept, Growth, nemojudex in causasua – Rule against bias, audialterampartem – Right to
be heard, Recent requirements of Natural Justice-Reasoned decision & Right to legal
Representation, Expanding Horizon of Natural Justice, Duty to Act Fairly & Legitimate
Expectation, Other procedural norms, Exclusion of Natural Justice, Exceptions to Principles
of Natural Justice, Effect of failure to comply with principles of Natural Justice.
UNIT 4: ADMINISTRATIVE DISCRETIONARY POWERS 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the difference
between discretionary functions and ministerial functions and the grounds for judicial review
of discretionary functions.
Discretionary powers, Judicial Control over administrative discretion, Fundamental Right and
administrative discretion, Reasonable Exercise of Power and Wednesbury principle.
UNIT 5: JUDICIAL REVIEW OF ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to enumerate grounds on
which judiciary may review administrative actions and explain the related doctrines. Grounds
of Judicial Review of Administrative Action, Writ Jurisdiction, Doctrine of Legitimate
expectation, Doctrine of public accountability, Doctrine of Proportionality, Laches
UNIT 6: ADMINISTRATIVE ADJUDICATION 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss the
importance, merits and demerits of quasi-judicial bodies.

Page 52 of 76
Concept of administration adjudication, Reason for the growth, Administrative Tribunals.
(The establishment of Tribunals Act, 1985 and its Main Objectives and Salient features)
UNIT 7: REMEDIES AGAINST ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION INCLUDING WRIT
JURISDICTION 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the grounds to
obtain remedies against government.
Remedies, Private Law Remedies, Constitutional Remedies, Exclusion of Jurisdiction.
UNIT 8: MALADMINISTRATION & ALTERNATIVE REMEDIES 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss the
functioning of different institutions for redressal against maladministration.
Concept and Need, Ombudsman, Ombudsmen in India – Lokpal, Lokayukta in States,
(Lokpal and Lokayukta Act,2014 and its Salient features and the Main objectives) Central
vigilance Commission, Right to Information (Right to Information Act, 2005 and its Salient
features and the Main Objectives.
Cases – Vineet Narain v. Union of India (1998) 1 SCC 226
UNIT 9: GOVERNMENT AS A LITIGANT 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to fix the liability of
government on the basis of hypothetical facts and frame defence on the part of the
government.
Development of the concept of state liability, tortuous liability, contractual liability,
privileges of government, doctrine of estoppel and waiver
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Jain M. P., and S. N. Jain, Principles of Administrative Law. Nagpur: Lexis Nexis, India,
2010.
2. Jain, M. P. Cases and Materials on Indian Administrative Law. Nagpur: Lexis Nexis, India.
3. Basu, Durga Das. Administrative Law.
4. Sathe, S. P. Administrative Law.LexisNexis, India, 2004 (2010).
5. Massey, I. P. Administrative Law. Lucknow: Eastern Book Co., 2008.
6. Takwani, C. K. Administrative Law. Lucknow: Eastern Book Co., 1980.

129182 Honours Paper-III: Advanced Corporate Law 6

Module I: An Introduction to Securities Market

 Capital Market Intermediaries – Stock broker – Sub-broker – Merchant Bankers – Under
writers – Debenture trustees, Debenture Trust Deed – Credit Rating Agencies.
 Regulatory Framework – SEBI – Objective, Power, Functions,
 Securities Appellate Tribunal, Appeal and Appearance before SAT

Page 53 of 76
Module II: Declaration & Payment of Dividends
 Meaning of dividend
 Declaration of dividend u/s 123 of the Companies Act 2013
 Rights of Dividend – rights shares – bonus shares
 Punishment for failure to distribute dividends

Module III:
 ICDR Regulations 2009
 IPO, FPO, Rights Issue, Bonus Issue, Preferential Issue
 Insider trading – SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations 1992, Objective,
Connected Person, Price sensitive information
 Securities Contract (Regulation) Act and Rules
 Listing & Delisting of securities
 Derivatives

Module IV: Depository System

 Depositories Act 1996 – Concept and Benefits,
 Difference between Depository and Custodian,
 NSDL and CDSL
 Dematerialization of securities
 Indian Depositary Receipts (ICDR Reg-96 to 106) & American Depositary Receipts

Module V: Compromises, Arrangements, Reconstruction and Amalgamations

 Compromise and Arrangement
 Introduction to reconstruction
 Acquisition and Amalgamation by shares purchase
 Power of the Central Government to provide amalgamation of companies in public interest

Module VI: Prevention of Oppression and Mismanagement

 Shareholders Democracy
 Majority Powers and Minority Rights

 Principle of Non-Interference (Rule established in Foss v. Harbottle)

 Protection against Oppression
 Protection against Mismanagement
 Compromise and Arrangement
Bare Acts:
 The Companies Act, 2013

Suggested Readings:
1. Ashwin Labnnai Shah, Lectures on Company Law, Tripathi Pvt. Ltd.; Mumbai
2. Avtar Singh, Indian Company Law, Eastern Book Company,Luknow
3. Ramaiya, Guide to Companies Act (Vol. 1 & 2), Wadhwa & Company, Nagpur
4. S. M. Shah, Lectures on Company Law, Tripathi, Bombay
5. S.S. Gulshan, Company Law, Excel Books
6. Dr. N. V. Paranjape, Company Law, Central Law Agency
7. B.K. Sen Gupta, Company Law, Eastern Law House, Kolkata

Page 54 of 76
 129183 Honours Paper-IV: Merger & Acquisition 6

Module 1
 General introduction and aims, content and structure of the course;
 Rationale for M&A: business, commercial & legal;
 Transaction structures & terminology;
 Business sales & asset sales;
Module 2
 Successor liability;
 Schemes of arrangement;
 Mergers, demergers & corporate restructuring;
 Procedures & compliances; role of the court in approving a scheme
Module 3
 Schemes of arrangement (contd...), including squeeze outs & reduction of capital;
 Analysis of the interests of minority shareholders;
 Fairness in process & price.
Module 4
 Takeovers – nature and types of regulation;
 Friendly & hostile takeovers;
 Voluntary & mandatory offers – launching an open offer;
 Creeping acquisitions.
Module 5
 Persons acting in concert; indirect acquisitions;
 Issues arising in the offer process; payment obligations;
 Takeover defences;
 Corporate governance issues in M&A.
Module 6
 Special transactions: leveraged buyouts & management buyouts;
 Deal-making: essence of due diligence, documentation;
 Legal aspects of valuation

Page 55 of 76
 Elective-III
129184 A. Law of E-Commerce 4
B. Interpretation of Statutes

A. Law of E-Commerce
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO E- COMMERCE 08 Hrs.
Concept of e- commerce and differences with e- business, Advantages and disadvantages
of e- commerce, Types of e- commerce, Medium and Transactions in e- commerce,
UNCITRAL Model Law on e-commerce, Information Technology Act, 2000
UNIT 2 CONTRACTS IN ELECTRONIC ENVIRONMENT 8 Hrs.
E-contracts – concept, offer and acceptance, UNIT3 ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE 6 Hrs.
Provisions under IT Act, Certifying authorities, Issuing authorities, PKI, Electronic
Signature Certificate, Grant, Revocation and withdrawal of ESC
UNIT 4 PAYMENT ISSUES 8 Hrs.
Modes and mechanism of payment in electronic environment
Fraud Risk and Protection, Breach of contract, Charge back agreements, EDI, Electronic
fund transfer
UNIT5 CONSUMER PROTECTION 6 Hrs.
Concept of the rights of consumer, Problems of protection of consumers in virtual world,
Consumer Protection Act, 1986, EC Directive on distance selling, E-commerce Directives
and consumer protection
UNIT 6 IPR ISSUES IN E- COMMERCE 14 Hrs.
Digital copyright, linking, caching
Digital rights management, DMCA, Patents, Trademarks and domain names, Brand
identities, search engines and secondary market, ICANN, Database Right – Digital
Copyrights, Open Source, Software Patents
UNIT 7 TAXATION IN E COMMERCE 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss the
taxation related issues of e-commerce.
Acceptance of contract: applicability of postal rule, E-commerce directives and
Regulations, Incorporation of terms, Identity of contracting parties, E-contracts: extent of
details, Breach of contract
Problem of taxation in virtual world, OECD guidelines on taxation, Tax structure on e-
commerce in India (Direct, Indirect, and VAT), EU, US practice on taxation on electronic
commerce
UNIT 8 JURISDICTION ISSUES IN E- COMMERCE 8 Hrs.

Page 56 of 76
Characteristics of internet jurisdiction, Theoretical framework to address multiple
jurisdictions, Application of the principles of Private International law, Hague
Convention, EC Regulations (Brussels & Rome), Minimum contact test, Effect test,
Zippo Test, Current trends
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Paul Todd. Law of E-commerce. London: Cavendish, 2008.
2. Sharma, Vakul. Information Technology: Law and Practice. 2nded. New Delhi:
Universal Law Publishing Co., 2007.
3. Ramappa, T. Legal Issues in Electronic Commerce. Delhi: Macmillan, 2003.
4. Schellekens, M. H. M. Electronic Signatures: Authentication Technology from a Legal
Perspective. The Hague: T. M. C. Asser Press, 2004.
5. Ahmad, Tabrez. Cyberlaws, e-commerce & m-commerces. New Delhi: A. P. H.
Publishing Corporation, 2009.
6. Phillips, Jeremy. Butterworths E-commerce and IT Law Handbook. 4th ed. London:
LexisNexis Butterworths, 2007.
7. Seth, Karnika. Cyber Laws in the Information Technology Age. New Delhi:
LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa, 2009.
8. Ryder, Rodney. Guide to Cyber Laws. 3rded. New Delhi: Wadhwa & Co., 2007.

B. Interpretation of Statutes
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to know the general
principles and rules of statutory and Constitutional interpretation and explain their
applicability.
Legislation: Meaning, process - Types of legislation: Codifying, Consolidating, by
Incorporation, by Reference, Validating Act, Amending Act, General and Special Acts –
Different Parts of Statutes – Interpretation v. Construction – Fundamental or Basic
Principles/Rules of Interpretation: sententia legis, ex visceribus actus and ut res magis
valeat quam pareat – Guiding Rules of Interpretation: Literary Rule, Golden Rule,
Mischief Rule or Purposive Construction and Harmonious Rule – Subsidiary Rules: Same
word same meaning, use of different words, non obstante clause, legal fiction, mandatory
and directory provisions, conjunctive and disjunctive words, construction of words:
noscitur a sociis, ejusdem generis and reddendo singular singulis –Constitutional
Interpretation: Doctrines of Severability-Reading down/in, Eclipse, Harmonious
Construction, Colourable Legislation, Constitutional Silence, Pith and Substance and
Ancillary Enroachment, Repugnancy, Prospective Overruling, and Basic Structure.
UNIT 2: INTERNAL AIDS TO INTERPRETATION 8 Hrs.

Page 57 of 76
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to know the various
intrinsic aids to statutory construction.
Long Title – Preamble – Headings - Marginal Notes or Section headings – Punctuation –
Illustration – Definition – Proviso – Explanation – Transitional Provision – Schedule –
Differences between Proviso and Exception
UNIT 3: EXTERNAL AIDS TO INTERPRETATION 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to know the extrinsic
material which can be used to interpret a statute and the circumstances in which they may
be used for interpretation and its due weight as given in judicial decisions.
Legislative History: English, American and Indian Practices –Historical facts and
Surrounding Circumstances - Later Social, Economic, Political and Scientific and
Technological Developments – contemporanea expositio or executive construction -
References to Statutes in pari materia, Use of Dictionaries, Legal Texts and Use of
International Treaties and Foreign Decisions
UNIT 4: PRESUMPTIONS IN INTERPRETATION 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to know the various
presumptions in interpretation of statutes.
Presumption regarding statutes: Constitutionality – Territorial Operation – Principles of
International Law – Jurisdiction of Courts – Affect of Statute on State - Construction
most agreeable to justice and reason: avoiding absurd, anomalous or inconvenient or
unjust results - Presumption regarding Legislature: knows the existing law, does not
commit mistakes or make omissions or precise in its choice of language
UNIT 5: STATUTES AFFECTING JURISDICTION OF COURTS 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to the effect of
exclusionary provisions in a statute.
General Principles – the extent of exclusion of jurisdiction of civil courts – exclusion of
jurisdiction of superior courts
UNIT6: EXPIRY AND REPEAL OF STATUTES 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to know the
implications of repeal.
Perpetual and Temporary Statutes – Effect of Expiry of Temporary Statute - Repeal –
Implied Repeal – Consequences of Repeal – Quasi repeal by desuetude
UNIT 7 : INTERPRETATION OF FISCAL STATUTES 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to identify distinctly
the various rules governing construction of fiscal statutes in particular.
Principles of Strict Construction – General Principles – Special Rules – Exemptions and
Notifications – Machinery and Procedural Provisions – Other Principles: Double

Page 58 of 76
Taxation, Territoriality, Burden of Proof, Retrospectivity – Tax Statutes and Constitution
– Tax Evasion
UNIT 8: INTERPRETATION OF REMEDIAL AND PENAL STATUTES 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to clearly distinguish
between construction of penal and beneficial pieces of legislation.
Remedial and Penal Statutes: Distinction – Liberal Construction of Remedial Statutes –
Strict Construction of Penal Statutes – mens rea in statutory offences
UNIT 9: SUBORDINATE LEGISLATION AND MIMAMSA RULES 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to knowthe rules at
play in delegated pieces of legislation. And will also acquaint themselves with the
Mimansa Rules of Interpretation as applied by the Indian courts.
Forms of Delegated Legislation–Constitutional Limits – Distinction between Conditional
and Delegated Legislation – Delegated Legislation and Judicial Review Procedures and
Powers under General Clauses Act, 1894 - Mimansa Rules of Interpretation: Application,
Maxwell v. Mimamsa
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Singh, Guru Prasanna.,Principles of Statutory Interpretation. 14th edition,Nagpur:
Lexis Nexis, 2016.
2. Sarathi, Vepa P.,Interpretation of Statutes. 5thed. New Delhi: Eastern Book Company,
2010.
3. Langan, P. St. J.(Ed).,Maxwell on the Interpretation of Statutes. 12thed. New Delhi:
Lexis Nexis, 1969
4. Jone, Oliver (Ed).,Bennion on Statutory Interpretation 5th ed. London: Lexis Nexis,
2013
5. Dhanda, Amita(Ed)., N. S. Bindra's Interpretation of Statutes. 12thed. New Delhi:
Lexis Nexis, 2017.
6. Katju, Markandey.,Interpretation of Taxing Statutes, 2nd Edition , Butterworths, 1998
7. Mukhopadhyay, Sukumar.,Interpretaion of Fiscal Statutes in India, 3rd Edition, New
Delhi: Centax, 2010
8. Chopra, D.S.,Interpretation of Statutes, 1st ed. New Delhi: Thomson Reuters, 2014.
9. Katju, Markandey, (Ed).,K.L.Sarkar’s Mimansa Rules of Interpretation. 4thed. New
Delhi: Thomson Reuters, 2013.
10. Scalia, Antonin., and Bryan A Garner., Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legal
Texts, West Group, 1st Edition, 2012

129185 Elective-IV 4

Page 59 of 76
 A. Civil Procedure Code and Limitation Act
B. Law of Taxation

A. Civil Procedure Code and Limitation Act

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 3 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to explain the basic
terms used in civil proceedings.
Concepts, affidavit, order, judgement, decree, plaint, restitution, execution, decree-holder,
judgement-debtor, mesne profits, written statement, Distinction between decree and
judgement and between decree and order.
UNIT 2: JURISDICTION 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to identify the rank
of a court in the hierarchy of courts and discuss the jurisdiction of various courts. The will
also be able to tell in which court a case with hypothetical facts may be instituted.
Kinds, Hierarchy of courts, Suit of civil nature – scope and limits, Res subjudice and Res
judicata, Foreign judgement — enforcement, Place of suing, Institution of suit, Parties to
suit: joinder, mis-joinder or non-joinder of parties : representative suit, Frame of suit:
cause of action, Alternative disputes resolution (ADR), Summons
UNIT 3: PLEADINGS 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss about what
may and what may not be pleaded. They will be able to enumerate different pleadings and
their nature and essential contents.
Rules of pleading, signing and verification, Alternative pleadings, Construction of
pleadings, Plaint: particulars, Admission, return and rejection. Written statement:
particulars, rules of evidence, Set off and counter claim: distinction, Discovery,
inspection and production of documents, Interrogatories, Privileged documents,
Affidavits
UNIT 4: APPEARANCE, EXAMINATION AND TRIAL 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss about the
preliminary stages as well as trial stage in a civil proceeding.
Appearance, Ex-parte procedure, Summary and attendance of witnesses, Trial,
Adjournments, Interim orders: commission, arrest or attachment before judgement,
injunction and appointment of receiver, Interests and costs
UNIT 5: EXECUTION 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss about
different modes of execution, powers of executing courts and properties is exempt from
execution.

Page 60 of 76
The concept, General principles, Power for execution of decrees, Procedure for execution,
Enforcement, arrest and detection, Attachment, Sale, Delivery of property, Stay of
execution
UNIT 6: SUITS IN PARTICULAR CASES 7 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to discuss about
special suits.
By or against government, By aliens and by or against foreign rulers or ambassadors,
Public nuisance, Suits by or against firm, Suits in forma pauperis, Mortgages, Interpleader
suits, Suits relating to public charities
UNIT 7: APPEALS REVIEW, REFERENCE AND REVISION 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to suggest remedies
available to a party aggrieved by the order of a court.
Appeals from original decree. Appeals from appellate decree, Appeals from orders,
General Provisions relating to appeal, Appeal to the Supreme Court
UNIT 8: MISCELLANEOUS 5 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to advice in respect
of transfers of cases, caveats, invoking the inherent powers of courts and similar
miscellaneous matters.
Transfer of Cases, Restitution, Caveat, Inherent powers of courts, Law Reform: Law
Commission on Civil Procedure – Amendments
UNIT 9: LAW OF LIMITATION 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to compute the
periods of limitation in a given hypothetical case.
The concept – the law assists the vigilant and not those who sleep over the rights, Object,
Distinction with latches, acquiescence, prescription, Extension and suspension of
limitation, Sufficient cause for not filing the proceedings, Illness, Mistaken legal advise,
Mistaken view of law, Poverty, minority and Purdha, Imprisonment, Defective
vakalatnama, Legal liabilities, Foreign rule of limitation: contract entered into under a
foreign law, Acknowledgement – essential requisites, Continuing tort and continuing
breach of contract.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Mulla. Code of Civil Procedure. New Delhi: Universal Publishing Co., 1999.
2. Thacker, C. K. Code of Civil Procedure. New Delhi: Universal Publishing Co., 2000.
3. Mallick M. R. (Ed.). B. B. Mitra on Limitation Act. Lucknow: Eastern Book Co., 1998.
4. Majumdar P. K., and Kataria R. P. Commentary on the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.
New Delhi: Universal Publishing Co., 1998.
5. Saha A. N. The Code of Civil Procedure. New Delhi: Universal Publishing Co., 2000.

Page 61 of 76
6. Sarkar's Law of Civil Procedure. New Delhi: Universal Publishing Co., 2000.

B. Law of Taxation
UNIT 1: HISTORICAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL FOOTINGS OF TAXATION 8Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students will be firmly ensconced in the
historical and constitutional footings of taxation.
Historical Background of Taxation in India, Canons of a Good Taxing System,
Characteristics of Tax, Reasons for Taxation, Kinds of Taxation, Types of Taxes, Merits
and Demerits of Direct and Indirect taxes, Constitutional Provisions relating to Taxation.
DIRECT TAX LAWS
UNIT 2: FUNDAMENTAL NOTIONS OF INCOME TAX ACT, 1961 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: Students would be firmly rooted in the conceptual tone of taxation at
the end of this Unit.
Basic concepts/Definitions – Assesse, Persons, Previous year, Assessment Year,
Distinction between Capital and Revenue Receipts, Income, Basis of Charge and Scope
of Total Income, Incomes which do not form part of the Total Income, Residential Status
and Incidence of Tax, Agricultural Income and Taxability.
UNIT 3: TAX TREATMENT UNDER SALARIES AND HOUSE PROPERTY 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, Students will get requisite knowledge about
tax treatment under the two heads i.e., salaries and house property
Heads of Income, Basis of Charge of Salaries, Concept of Allowances and Perquisites,
Profits in lieu of Salary, Computation of Salary in Tax, Deduction from Salaries, Basics
relating to Income from House Property, Charging Section in House Property,
Determination of Annual Value, Deductions under the head House Property.
UNIT 4: TAX TREATMENT UNDER BUSINESS OR PROFESSION AND CAPITAL
GAINS 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: The Unit on profits on business or profession and capital gains would
provide students, a complete view of the relevant statutory provisions.
Meaning of Business or Profession, Charging Section of Business or Profession,
Computation of Profits and Gains of Business or Profession, Aspects of Depreciation
under this head, Deductions, Special Provisions for Business or Profession, Concept of
Capital Gains, Basis of Charge, Long Term and Short Term Capital Gains, Computation
and Deductions.
UNIT 5: TAX TREATMENT UNDER INCOME FROM OTHER SOURCES AND
ALLIED CONCEPTS 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: This Unit makes the students appreciate the computation of income in
its proper perspective.

Page 62 of 76
 Income from Other Sources, Income from Other Persons included in Assessee’s Total
Income, Aggregation of Income and Set off or Carry Forward of Losses, Various
Deductions to be made in computing Total Income, Tax Holiday, Rebates and Reliefs.
UNIT 6: DETERMINATION OF TAX LIABILITY AND INCIDENTAL CONCEPTS 8
Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit, students would be in a position to appreciate
the ways and means of determining tax liability and the incidental concepts.
Filing of returns, E-filing, Types of Returns, Permanent Account Number, Types of
Assessment, Income Escaping Assessment, Tax Deduction at Source, Tax Collection at
Source, Recovery and Refund of Tax, Provisions of Advance tax, Income Tax Authorities
and their Powers including search and seizure, Appeals, Penalties.
UNIT 7:INTERPRETATION OF TAXING STATUTES 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: On completion of this Unit students will be able to distinguish
between avoiding and evading tax and the techniques used by courts to discourage
evasion.
Principles of Interpretation, Purpose of Interpretation, Rule to determine Tax Liability by
way of Rule of literal Construction and Rule of Strict Construction, Interpretation of
Charging and Machinery Provision, Interpretation of Retrospective and Prospective
Provisions, Doctrine of substantial Compliance, External and Internal aids to
interpretation, Precedents.
INDIRECT TAXES
UNIT 8: GOODS AND SERVICE TAX 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: The study of this Unit gives the student cogent information and
knowledge about the relevance, desirability and procedural aspect of GST.
Legislative Background, Constitutional Amendment, Basic Concepts of GST, IGST,
CGST, SGST, GST (Compensation to the States) Bill, Transitional Provisions, Rates of
Tax, Computation and Procedural Aspects, Assessment, Offences and Penalties,
Authorities and their powers.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Dr. Girish Ahuja and Dr. Ravi Gupta, Systematic Approach to Taxation, Bharat
33rdEdition, 2016-2017
2. Dr. Vinod Singhania and Dr .Kapil Singhania, Direct taxes law and Practice, Taxmann,
43rd Edition
3. Sampath Iyengar, Law of Income tax ,Bharat Law House,2008
4. K N Chaturvedi, Interpretation of Taxing Statutes, Taxmann, 2008
5. Dr. A L Saini & Dinesh Saini, Practice Guide to Appeals and Petitions Under Income
Tax Act, 2016

Page 63 of 76
 6. V.S.Datey, All About GST- A Complete Guide to New Model GST Law, 5th Edition,
Taxmann, 2017

129156 Clinical Paper-III: Public Interest Litigation &Legal Aid Service 4

UNIT 1 CONCEPT OF PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION 30 Marks

Learning Outcome: After completing this Unit, students will be able to discuss the different
standings on which PILs are admitted and will be able to explain the differences between the
adversarial and inquisitorial procedures.
Liberalisation of locus standi, suo motu intervention by the court – Epistolary jurisdiction,
creeping jurisdiction – Adversarial and inquisitorial procedures – Research in support of
public interest litigation.
UNIT 2 LEGAL AID AND PARA LEGAL SERVICES 30 Marks
Learning Outcome: After completing this Unit students will be able to describe the objects of
Legal Services Authorities Act and the provisions of the Act which seek to realise these
objects.
Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.
UNIT 3 EXTENSION PROGRAMME 30 Marks
Learning Outcome: After compelling this Unit students will have sufficient exposure to the
real life conditions of the society and the problems of the common people.
The students shall take part in extension programmes like Lok Adalats, Legal Aid Camps,
Legal Literacy Camps, etc., under the guidance of the Course Teacher. Each student shall
maintain a journal containing the details of his participation in the extension programmes.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Agrawala, S. K. Public Interest Litigation in India, Bombay: N. M. Tripathi, 2000.
2. Menon, N. R. Madhava, Clinical Legal Education.
3. Public Interest Litigation(PIL) & How to file PIL,CA Virendra Pamecha, 2014
4. Public Interest Litigation (with Model PIL Formats), Dr. B.L. Wadhera, 2014
5. Law Relating to Public Interest Litigation, R. Chakraborty (Laymanns) ,2015
6. Public interest Litigation Legal Aid And Lok Adalats , by Mamta rao. 2015

SEMESTER - VI
129191 Honours Paper-V: International Human Rights 6

Module 1: Introduction:
 The Historical Development of Human Rights Law

Page 64 of 76
 Human Rights Concepts and Discourse
 Human Rights Movements
 Rights, Duties and Dilemmas of Universalism

Module-2. International Human Rights Organisations:

 The UN Human Rights System
 Treaty Bodies
 Regional Arrangements (Comparison of Universal and Regional Systems, The European
Convention System, InterAmerican System and the African System
 the Role of the High Commissioner for Human Rights

Module 3: Normative Foundation of International Human Rights

 Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

Module 4: Aspects of Human Rights

 Racial Discrimination
 Discrimination against Women
 The Rights of Child
 The Right against Torture
 Enforced Disappearance
 The Right to Development
 The Rights of Persons with Disability
 Vertical and Horizontal Interpretation to Human Rights Law and Its Enforcement
 Human Rights, Development and Climate Change

 National Security, Terrorism and Limitation on Human Rights

 IPR and Human Rights
Module 5: Human Rights in India
 Historical and Constitutional Development of Human Rights in India
 Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State policy under the Indian Constitution.
 Fundamental Duties under the Indian Constitution
 Role of Judiciary in Protection of Human Rights in India
 Role of National Institutions like National Human Rights Commission of India, Ombudsman
etc.
 Protection of Vulnerable Sections of Society in India (Tribals, Women, Minorities, Children,
Aged, Disabled)
 Right to Information
 Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the Protection of Human Rights in India
 Poverty and Human Rights in India
 Career in Human Rights in India

Suggestive Readings:
1. Agarwal, H. 0., Implementation of Human Rights Covenants with Special Reference of India
{KitabMahal, Allahabad, 1983).
2. Aggarwal. S. K., Public Interest Litigation in India (Indian Law Institute Publication, New
Delhi, 1986).

Page 65 of 76
3. Aiyar, S. P., and Raju, S.V., (ed.), Fundamental Rights of the Citizen (Academic Books
Limited, New Delhi, 1972).
4. Alston, Philip (ed.), the Moduleed Nations and Human Rights: A Critical Appraisal (Clarendon
Press, Oxford, 1992).
5.The Moduleed Nations and Human Rights (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955).
6. Anand, R. P., Sovereign Equality of States in International Law (Hope Publication, New Delhi,
2008).

129192 Honours Paper-VI: International Criminal Law 6

Module-I: Introduction to International Criminal Justice

 Essentials of international criminal law
 International criminal courts
Concept
Formation
Other Legalities

Module-II: International and National Criminal Jurisdiction

 The subjugation of international crimes in domestic jurisdictions
 International jurisdiction versus national jurisdiction
 International Criminal Jurisdiction
 Legal impediments to the exercise of criminal jurisdiction

Module-III: Mens Rea and Defences available in International Criminal Law

 The elements of international crimes, in particular the mental element
 Justifications and excuses
 War Crimes:
Introduction to War Crimes
 International Criminal Procedure
 The essential features of the adversarial system

Module-IV: General principles governing international criminal trials

 Genocide and Interpretation in International Criminal Law.
Genocide.
The principle of legality.
 Command Responsibility.
Omission liability and superior responsibility.
Obedience to superior orders and official capacity.
 Immunity and State Responsibility.

Module-V: Crimes against Humanity;

 Co- perpetration in International Criminal Law.
 The concept of crimes against humanity.
 Perpetration in particular joint and indirect perpetration.
Suggested Readings:
1. Payam Akhavan, Peace vs. Accountability in Bosnia og D’Amato,
2. Peace vs. Accountability in Bosnia, American Journal of International Law (1992) p. 92-95

Page 66 of 76
3. Martti Koskiennemi: Between ImpModuley and Show Trial, Marx Planck Yearbook of
Moduleed Nations Law, 2002, Vol. 6,

SEMESTER - X
1291101 Honours Paper-VII: Offences Against Child & Juvenile Offence 6

Module-I Concept of Child and Juvenile

 Definition and concepts of term child and Juvenile.
 Causes of offence against child.
 International protection to child and convention

Module-II Offences against Child

 Child abuse
 Child labour and forced labour
 Kidnapping, abduction
 Abetment of suicide of child
 Sale of obscene objects to young.

Module-III Social relations and child

 Child marriage (Child Marriage Restraint Act)
 Abandonment of child
 Custody of Child during matrimonial suit.
 Obligations to supply necessaries to children

Module-IV Protection of Child and Juveniles

 Under the provisions of constitution (fundamental rights and directive-principles)
 Under IPC, 1860.
 Under CRPC, 1973.
 Under Contract Act, 1872
 Under Juvenile Justice Act, 2015

Module-V Juvenile Delinquency

 Juvenile delinquency – Nature, causes,
 Juvenile Court System,
 Treatment and rehabilitation of juveniles
 Legislative and judicial protection of juvenile offender,
 Juvenile Justice Act, 2015.

1291102 Honours Paper-VIII: Law and Disability 6

Module-I: Concept of disablement

 Basic approaches to disability
Traditional approach of sympathy and charity
Modern approach of rationality and human dignity

Page 67 of 76
Module-II: Determination of disability
 Varying criteria for determination of disabilities
 Administrative process for determination of disabilities
 Issues of Policy and law
 Reference to medical opinion
 Evaluation of disability by adjudicating authority

Module- III: Responsibilities of mentally disabled persons

 Civil responsibilities
 Criminal responsibilities - acts of person of unsound mind
Module- IV: International concern for the Disabled
 Universal Declaration of Human Rights
 Declaration on the Rights of Mentally retarded Persons (1971)
 Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons (1975)

Module-V: Constitutional and Legal Framework

 Directive Principles – Art 41 and art 46.

Module-VI: The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and
Full Participation) Act, 1995
 Introduction
 Meaning of disability
 Prevention and detection of disability
 Free education
 Reservation of posts for persons with disabilities
 Affirmative actions
 Non-discrimination
 Social Security and rehabilitation

Module –VII: The Mental Health Act, 1987

 Introduction
Meaning of Mentally Ill Person
Admission and detention of certain mentally ill persons
Judicial inquisition regarding alleged mentally ill person possessing property, custody of his
person and management of his property
Protection of human rights of mentally ill persons
Legal aid to mentally ill person

 Other disabilities removal Acts

The Hindu Inheritance (Removal of Disabilities) Act, 1928
The Hindu Succession Act, 1956
The Caste Disabilities Removal Act, 1850

Module-VIII
 Right of the disabled to marry and found family
 Incurably disabled persons and euthanasia
 Right not to be born of parent suffering from genetic diseases

Page 68 of 76
 Institutionalization of the disabled as a substitute for the family shelter

Elective-V
129193 A. Law of Evidence 4
B. Competition Law

A. Law of Evidence
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to define the basic terms and
show familiarity with their usage.
Objects and Reasons of India Evidence the Act 1972, definitions of: “fact”, “facts in issue”,
“relevant”, “document”, “evidence”, “proved”, “disproved” and “not proved”, “may
presume”, “shall presume” and “conclusive proof”.
UNIT 2: RELEVANCY OF FACTS 10 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to give their opinions as to
whether a fact is relevant as evidence.
Motive, preparation, previous or subsequent conduct, role of motive in an offence, facts
necessary to explain or introduce relevant facts, identification of accused, existence of
conspiracy, significance of common intention etc.
UNIT 3: ADMISSIONS AND CONFESSION 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to give opinion as to the
relevancy and effect of an admission or a confession as evidence in a case.
Admission defined. Oral admissions, admission in civil cases, confession, information
received from accused etc.
UNIT 4: STATEMENTS BY PERSONS WHO CANNOT BE CALLED AS WITNESS
4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to advice as to the course
available where the persons who have made statements relevant in a case cannot be produced
before the court to give evidence.
Who is dead or cannot be found: Statements made under special circumstances Entries in
books of account, public record or electronic record, maps, charts and plans, law contained in
law books.
UNIT 5: JUDGMENT AND OPINIONS 8 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to form opinion as to the
admissibility of judgements and orders as evidence.
Previous judgements, judgements in probate etc, fraud or collusion in obtaining judgement or
incompetence of court may be proved.

Page 69 of 76
Opinion of experts, handwriting, digital signature, existence of right or custom, usages,
tenets, opinion on relationship, grounds or opinion.
UNIT 6: CHARACTER 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to tell when character may be
proved and when it cannot be proved.
Civil cases and criminal case, previous bad character, character as affecting damages.
UNIT 7: WINTNESSES AND PROOF OF FACTS 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to tell who may be a witness
in a case, what is the weight of his evidence and how the evidence may be recorded. They
will also be able to tell whether a particular fact needs to be proved.
Witnesses, who may testify, judges and magistrates, communication during marriage,
professional communications, confidential communication, accomplice.
Facts judicially noticeable, facts admitted
UNIT 8: ORAL EVIDENCE 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to explain the rules of
Evidence Act in respect of oral evidence.
Proof of facts by oral evidence. Direct and Hearsay Evidence. Exclusion of Oral by
Documentary Evidence, Evidence of Terms of Contracts, Grants Etc.
Examination of Witness: Examination-in-chief, leading questions, cross examination,
indecent and scandalous questions, impeaching credit of witnesses, refreshing memory,
production of documents, judge’s power to put questions etc. Improper admission and
rejection of evidence.
UNIT 9: DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 4 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to explain the rules of
Evidence Act in respect of documentary evidence.
Contents of documents, primary & Secondary evidence, proof of signature, attesting witness
– public & private documents, certified copies, official documents – Presumption as to
Documents: Genuineness of certified copies, record of evidence, gazettes, books, collection
of laws and report of decisions, powers-of-attorney, digital signature, foreign judicial records,
maps, charts, telegraphic messages, documents 30 years old & electronic records 5 years old.
UNIT 10: BURDEN OF PROOF 6 Hrs.
Learning Outcome: At the end of this Unit students will be able to explain the rules of
Evidence Act in respect of burden of proof.
On whom burden of proof lies, burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence
admissible, exceptions, presumption as to dowry death, presumptions in cases of rape.
SUGGESTED READINGS

Page 70 of 76
1. Indian Evidence Act, 1872. New Delhi: Universal Law Publishing.
2. Nandi. Indian Evidence Act, Kolkata: Kamal Law House, 2005.
3. Mishra, Ranganath. Supreme Court on Evidence Act. New Delhi: Bharat Law House 2009.
4. Field. Field’s Commentary on Law of Evidence. Delhi: D. L. House, 2006.
5. Woodroffe, Sir John, and Syed Amir Ali. Sir John Woodroffe and Syed Amir Ali’s Law of
Evidence. New Delhi: Universal Publishing Co., 2001.
6. Monir M., Text Book on the Law of Evidence. New Delhi: Universal Law Publishing,
2006.
7. Singh, Avtar. Principles of the Law of Evidence. Allahabad: Central law Publication, 2005.
8. Lal, Batuk. BatukLal’s Law of Evidence. Allahabad: Orient Publishing Company 2004.

B. Competition Law
UNIT- 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPETITION LAW 6 hrs.
Concept of market, Open market- Regulated market, Market functions of role of competition
law, Nature & Scope of competition law and policy, Evolution & Growth of competition law,
Theoretical foundations of competition law, Competition Act, 2002- overview, definitions
and ideas of agreement, dominant position, combination and effects of anti- competitive
activities
UNIT- 2: FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPETITION LAW 10 hrs.
Market definition and dimensions & Concept of relevant market, Tests for Market
delineation- Demand Side Substitutability, Supply Side Substitutability, SSNIP Test,
Efficiency of market and issues of agreements, combinations, Market failure,
Information asymmetry- moral hazard and adverse selection, Concept of market power,
dominant position, Substantial degree of market power, Business rationale, Proscribe test,
Tests for anti- competitive practices
UNIT- 3: ANTI- COMPETITIVE AGREEMENTS 08 hrs.
Anti competitive agreements: Concept, forms and treatment in India, Parallel import,
Treatment of anti- competitive agreements under USA, EU, UK, Australia
UNIT- 4: ABUSE OF DOMINANT POSITION 08 hrs.
Abuse of dominant position: Concept, forms and treatment in India, Essential facilities
doctrine, Refusal and abuse of dominant position, Pricing strategies and abuse of dominant
position, Treatment of abuse of dominant position under USA, EU, UK, Australia
UNIT- 5: COMBINATIONS 10 hrs.
Combinations: Concept, forms, reasons and regulatory framework in India

Page 71 of 76
Different tests for studying the impacts of combinations in the market, Unilateral and co-
ordinate effects of combinations, Foreclosure, Failing firm, Creeping acquisitions, Regulation
of Cross- border combinations, Treatment of combinations under USA, EU, UK, Australia
UNIT- 6: COMPETITION COMMISSION OF INDIA 4 hrs.
Composition, powers and function of CCI
Role of the DG, Appellate Tribunal, Penalties & remedies
UNIT- 7: AUTHORIZATION AND NOTIFICATION 4 hrs.
Learning outcome: On the completion of this Unit students will have a clear understanding
about the authorisation and notification in competition law.
Concept of authorization and notification, Process for notification and authorization,
Treatment of authorization and notification under USA, EU, UK, Australia
UNIT- 8: IPR AND COMPETITION LAW 08 hrs
Theoretical basis of IPR and Competition law, TRIPs and its impact on competition law
regime, Abuse of IPR and competition law (agreements, abuse of dominant position,
combination), Doctrine of exhaustion and it’s treatment, Modern trend to the conflict in IPR
and Competition law
UNIT- 9: MODERN DIMENSIONS OF COMPETITION LAW 08 hrs
WTO and it’s impacts on Competition Laws with reference to UNCTAD, International
enforcement and judicial assistance, Applicability of competition law into agricultural sector,
Dumping, State aid, Recession
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Whish, Richard. Competition Law. London: Oxford University Press, 2009.
2. Furse, Mark. Competition Law of the EC and UK. London: Oxford University Press, 2008.
3. Rijn, Alphen aan den. The Reform of EC Competition Law: New Challenges, Austin.
4. Chao, Yang-Ching. International and Comparative Competition Law and Policies India.
Kluwer Law International, 2008.

Elective-VI
1291103 A. Women and Law 4
B. Media & Law

A. Women and Law

Module-I: Constitutional perspective
 Equality provisions in the Constitution of India - Preamble,
 Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.

Page 72 of 76
 Personal laws – Unequal position of the women
 Uniform Civil Code towards gender justice
 Growth of feminism and Feminist Jurisprudence
Module-II: International Commitments
 Universal Declaration of Human Rights
 Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, 1979
 Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, 1993
Module-III Women and Inheritance Rights
 Women’s inheritance under the Hindu Joint Family System
 Right to inheritance by birth for sons only.
 Women’s inheritance rights under Christian Law
 Women’s inheritance rights under Parsi Law
 Matrimonial Property
Module-IV: Women and Adoption and Guardianship rights
 Right of women to adopt a child
 Women and guardianship of minor
Module-V: Women and Matrimonial Law - Concept, Divorce, and issue
 Women and Maintenance Rights
 Women and criminal law
 Adultery
 Rape
 Dowry death
 Cruelty to married woman
 Bigamy
 Outraging the modesty of a woman
 Domestic violence (Domestic Violence Act , 2005)
 Miscarriage
 Social Legislations
o The Dowry Prohibition Act,
o Prevention of Immoral Traffic
o Amniocentesis and foeticide
 Women and Employment

Page 73 of 76
 Labour force
 Protective laws
 Exploitation and harassment at workplace
 Woman Participation in Democratic Government
 Parliament, State Legislatures and Local Bodies
Suggested Readings:
1. Indian Penal Code- Ralanlal Dhirajlal-Wadhwa
2. SITA (Supression of Immoral Trafficking in Women)
3. Domestic Violence Act, 2005 – Dr. Preeti Mishra
4. Vishaka’s Case, Chandrima Das Case.
5. Indira Jaising, Hand book on law of Domestic Violence.
6. Lawyers collective, Law relating to sexual harassment at work place- Universal Delhi.
7. Krishna Pal Malik, Women & Law, Allahabad Law Agency
8. Manjula Batra,Women and Law, Allahabad Law Agency.

B. Media & Law

Module 1: Need of Law in Media
 Freedom of Speech and Expression under the Indian Constitution and Restrictions
 Media Personal Privileges
 Print Media and Press Law
 Broadcasting and its privileges
 Performer’s Rights
Module 2: Copyright Law
 Copyright violation and Media Laws
 Copyright amendments and print media
Module 3: Defamation
 Provisions embodied in the Indian Penal Code
 Indecent Representation Act, 1986
Module 4: Media regulating bodies
 Print Media and Registration Act
 National Security Act Press Trust of India
 Censorship in India
Module 5: Constitution of India and Media Laws
 Newspaper circulation and Fundamental Rights
 Art 19 of Indian Constitution and Reasonable restriction

Page 74 of 76
  Media Trial
Suggested Readings:
1. MadhaviGoradia, Facet of Media Law
2. Media, Press and Telecommunication Law, 2007
3. DR. A. Verma, Cyber Crimes & Law
1291104 Clinical Paper-IV: Moot Court and Internship 4

UNIT 1: MOOT COURT 30 Marks

Learning Outcome: On the conclusion of this Unit, the students would be able to appreciate
the research, oratorical and articulation skills required of a lawyer.
Every student is required to present argument in at least three moot courts in the semester.
The moot court problem will be assigned to the student by the course teacher and the student
will be required to make a written submission for 5 marks and also make oral submission for
5 marks.
UNIT 2: COURT ATTENDANCE, INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES, PRE-TRIAL
PREPARATIONS 20 Marks
Learning Outcome: On completing this Unit, students will be able to comprehend the
practicalities of the justice system and the pivotal role the courts play in dispensation of
justice.
They will also get a practical exposure to the techniques of client interviewing and the
substantive as well as procedural steps involved in preparation of a brief by lawyers.
Student are required to attend two trials, one civil and one criminal, in the course of last year
of the course. They are required to maintain a record and enter the various steps observed by
them during their attendance on different days in the court assignment. Records maintained in
respect of each trial will be valued for 10 marks.
Each student will observe two interviewing sessions of clients at a lawyer’s office or at the
Legal Aid Office and record the proceedings in a diary, which will carry 5 marks.
Each student will further observe the preparation of documents and court papers by the
advocate and the procedure for the filing of the suit/petition. This will be recorded in the
diary which will carry 5 marks.
UNIT 3: INTERNSHIP 40 Marks
Learning Outcome: Students will have practical experience of the professional aspects of the
subjects they have studies.
UNIT 4: VIVA VOCE 10 Marks
Learning Outcome: This Unit helps students unearth their potential for the profession and the
desirable improvements for the same.
A viva voce test will be conducted on the above three aspects.

Page 75 of 76
Page 76 of 76