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Machine Learning

Machine learning, a subset of artificial intelligence, enables systems to learn from data and improve performance autonomously. It involves data collection, preprocessing, model selection, and training using various algorithms, including deep learning, which has led to significant advancements in multiple fields. However, challenges such as overfitting, bias, and interpretability remain, necessitating ethical considerations as the technology becomes more prevalent.

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20 views1 page

Machine Learning

Machine learning, a subset of artificial intelligence, enables systems to learn from data and improve performance autonomously. It involves data collection, preprocessing, model selection, and training using various algorithms, including deep learning, which has led to significant advancements in multiple fields. However, challenges such as overfitting, bias, and interpretability remain, necessitating ethical considerations as the technology becomes more prevalent.

Uploaded by

mannukushwah12365
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) focused on building

systems that learn from data and improve their performance without being
explicitly programmed. Instead of following static instructions, machine
learning algorithms detect patterns in data, make predictions, and continuously
refine their outputs based on feedback. This capability has revolutionized many
sectors, including healthcare, finance, marketing, and transportation. The
process typically starts with data collection, followed by preprocessing to
clean and structure the data. Then, a model is selected and trained using
labeled (supervised learning), unlabeled (unsupervised learning), or partially
labeled data (semi-supervised or reinforcement learning). During training, the
algorithm adjusts internal parameters to reduce errors in its predictions or
decisions. Once trained, the model is tested on unseen data to evaluate its
accuracy and generalization. There are various types of machine learning
algorithms, such as decision trees, support vector machines, k-nearest
neighbors, and neural networks. Deep learning, a subfield of machine learning,
uses multi-layered neural networks to model complex data representations. It has
enabled breakthroughs in image recognition, natural language processing, and
game playing. However, machine learning also brings challenges. Models can
overfit or underfit data, meaning they perform well on training data but poorly
on new data. Additionally, they may inherit biases present in the training data,
leading to unfair or inaccurate outcomes. Interpretability is another concern;
many models, especially deep learning ones, are often seen as “black boxes,”
making it hard to understand why a particular decision was made. Despite these
issues, machine learning continues to grow in importance. Organizations are
investing heavily in data infrastructure and AI research to harness its
potential. Ethical and responsible use of machine learning will be crucial as
the technology becomes more embedded in society.

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