CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.
In this chapter, we outline the methodology employed to investigate the relationship
between media streaming and digital news consumption. The aim is to provide a
comprehensive understanding of how individuals engage with news in an increasingly
complex media environment. This chapter details the research design, data collection
methods, participant selection, and analytical approach used in the study.
3.1 Research Design
The study adopts a survey method . This design allows for a more nuanced understanding of
the phenomenon by gathering statistical data while also exploring participants' perspectives
and experiences through questionnaire.
3.2 Population Study
The population for this study consists of individuals who actively consume digital news. The
population of university of Lagos undergraduates are 57000 across various faculties.
Therefore the population is 57000 figured.
3.3 Sample Size
To determine the appropriate sample size for this study, the researcher adopted Taro
Yamane’s (1967) formula, which is suitable for finite populations in survey research. The
total population of undergraduate students at University of Lagos (UNILAG) is 57000.
Taro Yamane's formula:
n = N / (1 + Ne^2)
Where:
n = sample size
N = population size (57,000 in your case)
e = margin of error (commonly 0.05 for a 95% confidence level)
n = 57,000 / (1 + 57,000(0.05)^2)
n = 57,000 / (1 + 57,000(0.0025))
n = 57,000 / (1 + 142.5)
n = 57,000 / 143.5
n ≈ 397
3.4 Sampling Technique
For this study on streaming and digital news consumption, a stratified sampling technique
was be employed. This approach ensures that various subgroups within the population are
adequately represented, allowing for a more comprehensive analysis of the research
question. University of Lagos was divided into several faculties. In this case faculty of social
science, agric, law, and health sciences were selected. The researcher went further to select
student who use streamed news purposively. The reason for purposive sampling is to select
students who could give out valid information for the study.
3.5 Research Instrument
Questionnaire was the major instrument used for this study. The questionnaire comprises of
demographic and psychographic data. The psychographic data contains 5 points, likert scale
options for the respondent to choose the best options.
3.6 Reliability of the Instrument
While reliability is not directly part of validity, it is crucial for supporting it. We will assess the
internal consistency of the survey instrument using Cronbach’s alpha to ensure that the
items consistently measure the same underlying concept. So , we conducted a retest with a
subset of participants to check for stability over time. The outcome of the reliability test was
63% which is the basis of instrument reliability for this study.
3.7 Method of Data Analysis.
In our study on news streaming and digital news consumption, we used descriptive statistics
to provide an overview of participant demographics and general trends in streaming and
news consumption. For instance, we will use correlation analysis to assess how media
literacy scores relate to digital news consumption habits. Additionally, regression analysis
will allow us to examine how well streaming predicts news consumption, taking into account
various demographic factors. If appropriate, we may also perform factor analysis to identify
underlying dimensions of streaming based on survey responses.
