POWER SYSTEMS 1
PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
MODULE 1
Part A Questions
Q A generating station has a connected load of40 MW and a maximum demand of 20 MW: the units generated being 60 x 10^6 Calculate
(li) the demand factor (ii) the load factor.
Q List the advantages of hydro power station.
Q List the ethical and environmental factors associated with a nuclear power plant.
Q Explain utility scale battery energy storage system.
Q What is load factor and what is its importance?
Q Explain the functions of the following. (i) Super heater (ii) Economiser (iii) air pre heater
Part B Questions
Q a) With a neat schematic diagram explain the working of a nuclear power plant
b) A generating station has a connected load of 23M W and a maximum demand of 20MW, the unit generated being per annum,
calculate (a) demand factor (b) average demand (c) load factor
Q a) With the help of a block diagram, explain the working of wind energy conversion system.
b) Explain the design steps of a ground mounted solar farm.
Q a) With a neat block diagram explain the working of a thermal power plant
b) A diesel station supplies the following loads to various consumers : Industrial consumer = 1500 kW ; Commercial establishment =
750 Kw Domestic power = 100 kW; Domestic light = 45() kW. If the maximum demand on the station is 2500 kW and the number
of kWh generated per year is 45 x 106, determine (i) the diversity factor and (ii) annual load factor.
Q a) Differentiate between rooftop and ground mounted solar power plants
b) A generating station has the following daily load cycle :
Draw the load curve and find (i) maximum demand (ii) units generated per day (iii) average load and (iv) load factor.
Q a)With a neat schematic diagram explain the working of a nuclear power plant
b) A generating station has a connected load of 23M W and a maximum demand of 20M W, the unit generated being per annum,
calculate (a) demand factor (b) average demand (c) load factor
Q a) With the help ofa block diagram, explain the working of wind energy conversion system.
b) Explain the design steps of a ground mounted solar farm.
MODULE 2
Part A Questions
Q Explain the concept of self GMD and mutual GMD for overhead line.
Q The three conductors of a three phase lines are arranged at the corners of a triangle of sides 2m, 2.5m, and 4.5m. Calculate the
inductance per km of the line when the conductors are regularly transposed. The diameter of each conductor is 1.24cm
Q Elucidate on the importance of transposition in transmission lines
Q Find the capacitance of a single-phase line 40km long consisting of two parallel conductors each 5mm in diameter and 1.5 m apart.
The height of conductors above ground is 7m. The effect of ground may be included.
Q What is transposition of lines? Comment on its necessity.
Q A single-phase line has two parallel conductors 2 metres apart. The diameter of each conductor is I •2 cm. Calculate the loop
inductance per km of the line.
Part B Questions
Q a) Derive the expression for inductance of a three-phase transmission line with Symmetrical spacing
b) A 3-phase, 50Hz, 150 km line has a resistance, inductive reactance and capacitive shunt admittance of
per km per phase. If the line delivers 50 MW at I IO kV and p.f. lagging, determine the sending end voltage
and current. Assume a nominal It model of the line.
Q a) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 132 kV overhead line has conductors placed in a horizontal plane 4 m apart. Conductor diameter is 2 cm. If the
line length is 100 km, calculate the charging current per phase assuming complete transposition.
b) With the help of neat circuit diagram and phasor diagram, analyse a medium transmission line using Nominal T method
Q a)Derive the expression for capacitance of a three phase overhead transmission line assuming symmetrical spacing between conductors
b)Figure shows the spacings of a double circuit 3-phase overhead line. The phase sequence is ABC and the line is completely
transposed. The conductor radius in I •3 cm. Find the inductance per phase per kilometre.
Q a) Derive the expression for sending end voltage and sending end current in terms of receiving end voltage and receiving end current
for long transmission line.
b) A 3-phase, 50-Hz overhead transmission line 100 km long has the following constants :
Resistance/km/phase = 0.1 ohm
Inductive reactance/km/phase = 0 •2 ohm
Capacitive susceptance/km/phase = 0•04 x 10^-4 siemen
Determine (i) the sending end current (ii) sending end voltage (iii) sending end power factor and (iv) transmission efficiency
when supplying a balanced load of 10,000 kW at 66 kV, p.f. lagging. Use nominal T method.
Q Derive the expression for capacitance of a three phase transmission line with (i) Symmetrical spacing and (ii) Unsymmetrical spacing
Q a) What is meant by transposition of lines? What are its advantages
b) In a three phase transmission line with 132K V at the receiving end, the following are the transmission constants:
If the load at the receiving end is 50MVA at 0.8 lagging power factor. Determine the voltage, current and power factor at the
sending end.
c)Derive the expression for inductance of a single phase overhead transmission lin
Module 3
Part A Questions
Q What do you mean by Surge Impedance Loading?
Q Explain methods to reduce the corona in transmission lines
Q Define the terms Restriking voltage, Recovery voltage and rate of rise of restriking voltage with reference to operation of circuit
breakers
Q List the causes of over voltages in a power system.
Q What do you mean by shunt compensation of transmission line?
Q List different methods of improving string efficiency.
Part B Questions
Q a)Derive the expression for Sag, when supports are at unequal levels.
b)What do you mean by FACTS? What are the devices used as FACTS devices? Lis the advantages of FACTS devices in power system.
Q a) What is Corona? What are the factors affecting Corona? What are the different methods to reduce Corona effect?
b)What are the advantages of HVDC transmission over HVAC transmission.
Q a) The capacitances ofa 3-phase belted cable are 12•6 pF between the three cores bunched together and the lead sheath and 7-4 PF
between one core and the other two connected to sheath. Find the charging current drawn by the cable when connected to 66 k V,
50 Hz supply.
b) Explain the methods of improving string efficiency
Q a) An overhead transmission line conductor having a parabolic configuration weighs 1 •925 kg per metre of length. The area of X-
section of the conductor is 2.2 cm^2 and the ultimate strength is 8000 kg/cm^2. The supports are 600 m apart having 15 m
difference of levels. Calculate the sag from the taller of the two supports which must be allowed so that the factor of safety shall
be 5. Assume that ice load is I kg per metre run and there is no wind pressure.
b)Explain the significance of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices in power system. Explain the working of any two
FACTS devices. List out the demerits of FACTS devices.
Q a) What do you mean by sag? Derive the expression for sag when the supports are at same level.
b)What are FACTS devices? How are they classified? Explain the working of any one FACTS device with the help of a diagram.
Q a) A three phase transmission line is being supported by three disc insulators. The potential across top unit and middle unit are 8K V
and 11KV respectively. Calculate (i) The ratio of capacitance between pin and earth to the self capacitance of each unit (ii)The line
voltage (iii) String efficiency
b)With the help of diagrams, explain what do you mean by intersheath grading.
MODULE 4
Part A Questions
Q Define following terms
(i) Arc voltage (ii) Restriking voltage (iii) recovery voltage
Q Differentiate between switching and lightning surges
Q Define the terms Restriking voltage, Recovery voltage and rate of rise of restriking voltage with reference to operation of circuit
breakers
Q List the causes of over voltages in a power system.
Q Draw the block diagram of static relay.
Q Explain the significance of insulation coordination in power system.
Part B Questions
Q a) With a neat sketch explain the principle of operation of a Vacuum Circuit Breaker
b)With the help of block diagram, Explain the principle of operation of a microprocessor-based relay.
Q a) Draw a neat sketch of any one of electromechanical relay and explain its construction and operation.
b)What are the primary causes of over voltages? How are the equipment protected from over voltages?
Q a) Explain the term duality in terms of amplitude and phase comparators in static relays
b) With the help of a neat diagram explain the working of SF6 circuit breaker. List the advantages of SF6 when used in Gas Insulated
substation.
Q a)Draw and explain the block diagram of microprocessor based over current relay
b)Explain with a neat circuit diagram the working principle of differential relay.
c)Explain the principle of fiber optic communication in transmission system
Q a)What are the basic requirements of a protective relaying?
b)Explain the construction and working of SF6 Circuit breaker
Q a)Explain the working of microprocessor based over current relay with the help of block diagram
b)Explain with the help of a diagram, the construction and working of any one type of surge diverter.
MODULE 5
Part A Questions
Q Write notes on different types of distribution systems.
Q What is effect of power factor on the cost of generation?
Q Distinguish between radial and ring main distribution systems
Q Elucidate the use of ABC cable in power system
Q Write a short note on distribution automation system.
Q What is a ring main distribution system and what are its advantages?
Part B Questions
Q a) With the help of neat sketches, explain, how to improve power factor using capacitors.
b) Write short notes on the following
i) Regulated energy market
ii) De regulated energy market
Q a) i)Draw and explain single line diagram showing a wpical AC distribution system.
ii) Define and explain the terms: feeder and distributor
b) i) What is Electricity Tariff
ii) What are the factors affecting Tariff?
Q a) A single phase a.c. generator supplies the follmxing loads :
(i) Lighting load of 20 kW at unity power factor.
(ii) Induction motor load of 100 kW at p.f. 0.707 lagging.
(iii) Synchronous motor load of 50 kW at p.f. 0.9 leading.
Calculate the total kW and kVA delivered by the generator and the power factor at which it works.
b) A 2-wire d.c. ring distributor is 300 m long and is fed at 240 V at point A. At point B, 150 m from A, a load of 120 A is taken and
at C, 100 m in the opposite direction, a load of 80 A is taken. Ifthe resistance per 100 m of single conductor is 0.03 ohm
find •
(i) current in each section of distributor
(ii) voltage at points B and C
Q a) A 800 metres 2-wire d.c. distributor AB fed from both ends is uniformly loaded at the rate of 1 •25 A/metre run. Calculate the
voltage at the feeding points A and B if the minimum potential of 220 V occurs at point C at a distance of 450 metres
from the end A. Resistance ofeach conductor is 0•05 Q/km.
b) An industry has a maximum load of 250kW at 0. 707p.f lag, with an annual consumption of 30,000units. The tariff is Rs.60/kVA of
maximum demand plus 15 paise per unit. Calculate the following.
(i) the flat rate of energy consumption.
(ii) annual savings if the [Link] raised to unity.
Q. a) Derive an expression for the most economical value of power factor which may be attained by a consumer
b) A single phase distributor 2 kilometres long supplies a load of 120 A at 0-8 p.f. lagging at its far end and a load of 80 A at p.f.
lagging at its mid-point. Both power factors are referred to the voltage at the far end. The resistance and reactance per km are
0.05 ohm and 0.1 ohm respectively. If the voltage at the far end is maintained at 230 V, calculate:
(i) voltage at the sending end (ii) phase angle between voltages at the two ends
Q a) Write short notes on the following
i. Two-part tariff
ii. Three part tariff
iii. Power factor tariff
b) Write short notes on distribution automation system
c) What do you mean by an aerial bunched cable? Compare its advantages and disadvantages.
