PRACTICE SHEET

CLASS: 10

TRIGONOMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

1. In each of the following, one of the six trigonometric ratios s given. Find the
values of the other trigonometric ratios.

(i) sin A = 2/3

(ii) cos A = 4/5
(iii) tan C = 11/1
(iv) cot C = 12/5
(v) sec A = 13/5
(vi) cosec C = √10

2. Find tan P and cot R. Is tan P = cot R?

3. In △PQR, right-angled at Q, PQ = 4cm and RQ = 3 cm. Find the value of sin

P, sin R, sec P and sec R.
4. If cot θ = 7/8, evaluate
(i) (1+sin θ)(1–sin θ)/ (1+cos θ)(1–cos θ)
(ii) cot2 θ
5. If 3cot A = 4, check whether (1–tan2A)/(1+tan2A) = (cos2A – sin2A) or not.
6. If tan θ = a/b, find the value of (cos θ + sin θ)/ (cos θ – sin θ)
7. If 3 tan θ = 4, find the value of
8. If cos θ = 12/13, show that sin θ(1 – tan θ) = 35/156
9. If sec θ = 5/4, find the value of
10. Evaluate each of the following:
(i) sin 45∘ sin 30∘ + cos 45∘ cos 30∘
(ii) sin 60∘ cos 30∘ + cos 60∘ sin 30∘
(iii) sin2 30∘ + sin2 45∘ + sin2 60∘ + sin2 90∘
(iv) tan2 30∘ + tan2 45∘ + tan2 60∘
(v) sin2 30∘ cos245∘ + 4tan2 30∘ + (1/2) sin2 90∘ − 2cos2 90∘ + (1/24) cos20∘
(vi) 4(sin4 60∘ + cos4 30∘) − 3(tan2 60∘ − tan2 45∘) + 5cos2 45∘
(vii) (cosec2 45∘ sec2 30∘)(sin2 30∘ + 4cot2 45∘ − sec2 60∘)
(viii) cosec3 30∘ cos60∘ tan3 45∘ sin2 90∘ sec2 45∘ cot30∘
(ix) cot2 30∘ − 2cos2 60∘ − (3/4)sec2 45∘ – 4sec2 30∘
(x) (cos0∘ + sin45∘ + sin30∘)(sin90∘ − cos45∘ + cos60∘)

(xi)

11. Find the value of x in each of the following:

2sin 3x = √3
12. Prove the following trigonometric identities:
(i) (1 – cos2 A) cosec2 A = 1
(ii) (1 + cot2 A) sin2 A = 1
(iii) tan2 θ cos2 θ = 1 − cos2 θ
(iv) cosec θ √(1 – cos2 θ) = 1
(v) (sec2 θ − 1)(cosec2 θ − 1) = 1
(vi) tan θ + 1/ tan θ = sec θ cosec θ
(vii) cos θ/ (1 – sin θ) = (1 + sin θ)/ cos θ
(viii) sin2 A + 1/(1 + tan 2 A) = 1
(ix) 1 – cos θ/ sin θ = sin θ/ 1 + cos θ
(x) (1 – sin θ) / (1 + sin θ) = (sec θ – tan θ)2
(xi) tan2 θ − sin2 θ = tan2 θ sin2 θ
(xii) (sec θ + cos θ) (sec θ – cos θ) = tan2 θ + sin2 θ
(xiii) (cosec θ + sin θ)(cosec θ – sin θ) = cot2θ + cos2θ
(xiv) (cosec A – sin A)(sec A – cos A)(tan A + cot A) = 1
(xv) (cos2 θ/ sin θ) – cosec θ + sin θ = 0

(xvi)

(xvii)
 (xviii)

(xix)

(xx)
(xxi) sec6 θ = tan6 θ + 3 tan2 θ sec2 θ + 1

(xxii)

(xxiii)

(xxiv)

(xxv)

(xxvi)

(xxvii)

(xxviii)

13.

14.

15.
16. A tower stands vertically on the ground. From a point on the ground, 20 m
away from the foot of the tower, the angle of elevation of the top the tower is
60°. What is the height of the tower?
17. The angle of elevation of a ladder against a wall is 60° and the foot of the
ladder is 9.5 m away from the wall. Find the length of the ladder.
18. A kite is flying at a height of 75 meters from the ground level, attached to a
string inclined at 60° to the horizontal. Find the length of the string to the
nearest meter.
19. A vertical tower stands on a horizontal place and is surmounted by a vertical
flag staff. At a point on the plane 70 meters away from the tower, an observer
notices that the angles of elevation of the top and bottom of the flag-staff are
respectively 60° and 45°. Find the height of the flag staff and that of the tower.
20. A vertically straight tree, 15 m high, is broken by the wind in such a way that its
top just touches the ground and makes an angle of 60° with the ground. At
what height from the ground did the tree break?
21. A vertical tower stands on a horizontal plane and is surmounted by a vertical
flag staff of height 5 meters. At a point on the plane, the angles of elevation of
the bottom and the top of the flag staff are respectively 30° and 60°. Find the
height of the tower.
22. A person observed the angle of elevation of a tower as 30°. He walked 50 m
towards the foot of the tower along level ground and found the angle of
elevation of the top of the tower as 60°. Find the height of the tower.
23. The shadow of a tower, when the angle of elevation of the sun is 45°, is found
to be 10 m longer than when it was 60°. Find the height of the tower.
24. A parachute is descending vertically and makes angles of elevation of 45° and
60° at two observing points 100 m apart from each other on the left side of
himself. Find the maximum height from which he falls and the distance of point
where he falls on the ground from the just observation point.
25. On the same side of a tower, two objects are located. When observed from the
top of the tower, their angles of depression are 45° and 60°. If the height of the
tower is 150 m, find the distance between the objects.
26. The angle of elevation of a tower from a point on the same level as the foot of
the tower is 30°. On advancing 150 meters towards the foot of the tower, the
angle of elevation of the tower becomes 60°. Show that the height of the tower
is 129.9 metres.
27. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from a point A on the ground is 30°.
On moving a distance of 20 meters towards the foot of the tower to a point B
the angle of elevation increases to 60°. Find the height of the tower and the
distance of the tower from the point A.
28. From the top of a building 15 m high the angle of elevation of the top of tower
is found to be 30°. From the bottom of the same building, the angle of elevation
of the top of the tower is found to be 60°. Find the height of the tower and the
distance between the tower and the building.
29. On a horizontal plane there is a vertical tower with a flag pole on the top of the
tower. At a point 9 m away from the foot of the tower the angle of elevation of
the top and bottom of the flag pole are 60° and 30° respectively. Find the height
of the tower and the flag pole mounted on it
30. A 1.5 m tall boy is standing at some distance from a 30 m tall building. The
angle of elevation from his eyes to the top of the building increases from 30° to
60° as he walks towards the building. Find the distance he walked towards the
building.
31. The angle of depression of the top and bottom of 8 m tall building from the top
of a multistoried building are 30° and 45°. Find the height of the multistoried
building and the distance between the two buildings.
32. A statue 1.6 m tall stands on the top of a pedestal. From a point on the ground,
angle of elevation of the top of the statue is 60° and from the same point the
angle of elevation of the top of the pedestal is 45°. Find the height of the
pedestal.
33. From the top of a 7 m high building, the angle of elevation of the top of a cable
is 60° and the angel of depression of its foot is 45°. Determine the height of the
tower.
34. The angle of elevation of the top of the building from the foot of the tower
is 30° and the angle of the top of the tower from the foot of the building is 60°.
If the tower is 50 m high, find the height of the building
35. From a point on a bridge across a river the angle of depression of the banks on
opposite side of the river are 30° and 45° respectively. If the bridge is at the
height of 30 m from the banks, find the width of the river.
36. Two poles of equal heights are standing opposite to each other on either side
of the road which is 80 m wide. From a point between them on the road the
angles of elevation of the top of the poles are 60° and 30° respectively. Find the
height of the poles and the distances of the point from the poles.
37. A man sitting at a height of 20 m on a tall tree on a small island in the middle of
a river observes two poles directly opposite to each other on the two banks of
the river and in line with foot of tree. If the angles of depression of the feet of
the poles from a point at which the man is sitting on the tree on either side of
the river are 60° and 30° respectively. Find the width of the river.
38. A vertical tower stands on a horizontal plane and is surmounted by a flag staff
of height 7m. From a point on the plane, the angle of elevation of the bottom of
flag staff is 30° and that of the top of the flag staff is 45°. Find the height of the
tower.
39. The length of the shadow of a tower standing on level plane is found to be 2x
meters longer when the sun’s attitude is 30° than when it was 30°. Prove that
the height of tower is x(√3+1) meters.
40. A balloon is connected to a meteorological ground station by a cable of length
215 m inclined at 60° to the horizontal. Determine the height of the balloon from
the ground. Assume that there is no slack in the cable.