3rd Year 2nd Semester [Link]. (Engg.
) Practice Examination 2024
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
University of Dhaka
EEE-3201: Power Systems I (3 Credits)
Transmission Line Related Math Problems
Full Marks: Time:
Answer all of the following questions.
1. A three-phase 138-kV transmission line is connected to a 49-MW load at a 0.85 lagging
power factor. The line constants of the 52-mi-long(Medium Transmission Line) line are
Z = 95∠78° Ω and Y = 0.001∠90° S. Using nominal π circuit representation, calculate
the
(a) A, B, C, and D constants of the line (b) Sending-end voltage (c) Sending-end
current (d) Sending-end power factor (e) Efficiency of transmission (f)
Percentage of voltage regulation. (g) Derive that Vs = (1+ZY/2)VR +ZIR & Is =
(Y+ZY2/4)VR + (1+ZY/2)IR +ZIR & develop the general circuit parameter matrix.
(h) Draw the equivalent π circuit for the line.
2. A single-circuit, 60-Hz, three-phase transmission line is 150 mi long. The line is connected
to a load of 50 MVA at a lagging power factor of 0.85 at 138 kV. The line constants arc
given as R = 0.1858 Ω/mi, L = 2.60 mH/mi, and C = 0.012 μF/mi. Calculate the following:
(a) A, B, C, and D constants of the line & Charctristic impedance
(b) Sending-end voltage
(c) Sending-end current
(d) Sending-end power factor
(e) Sending-end power
(f) Total power at the sending and receiving side & power losses (active + reactive) in the line
(g) Transmission line efficiency
(h) Percentage of voltage regulation
(i) Sending-end charging current at no load
(j) Value of receiving-end voltage rise at no load if the sending-end voltage is held constant
(k) Attenuation constant and phase change constant per mile of the line
(l) Wavelength and velocity of propagation
(m) Incident and reflected voltages at the receiving end of the line
(n) Line voltage at the receiving end of the line
(o) Incident and reflected voltages at the sending end of the line
(p) Line voltage at the sending end
(q) Input impedence of the line [ Hints: Zin = Vs∕Is = (AVR+BIR)/(CVR+DIR) ]
(r) If the line is lossless, determine the (i) SIL of the transmission line (ii) phase constant (iii)
wave length & (iv) velocity of propagation.
(s) Explain the Ferranti Effect in long transmission lines.
3. Verify that (cosh γl − 1)/sinh γl = tanh(1/2) γl
4. Show that the generalized circuit constants of all three transmission-line models satisfy the
condition that AD - BC = 1
5. Describe the key differences between short, medium, and long transmission lines in terms of
their length and modeling approach. Why the shunt admittance (capacitance) is considered
in the nominal π-circuit model for medium-length transmission lines but not for short
transmission lines?
6. A short transmission line has a series impedance of Z = 0.3+j0.6 Ω, the receiving-end
voltage is Vr = 33 kV (line-to-neutral) with a load of 20 MW at 0.85 lagging power factor
(a) Redraw the phasor diagram of the line assuming the receiving-end power factor of 0.85
lagging & assuming the receiving-end power factor of 0.8 leading.
(b) ) Calculate the sending-end voltage Vs and current Is.
(c) Determine the voltage regulation in percentage. If the load power factor is improved to
unity, recalculate the voltage regulation
(d) If the load is removed (no-load condition), calculate the receiving-end voltage .
Kanak
01-07-2025
7. A 300 MVA 20 kV three-phase generator has a sub-transient reactance of 20%. The
generator supplies a number of synchronous motors over a 64 km transmission line having
transformers at both ends, as shown on the one-line diagram of Fig. The motors, all rated
13.2 kV, are represented by just two equivalent motors. The neutral of one motor M1 is
grounded through reactance. The neutral of the second motor M2 is not connected to ground
(an unusual condition). Rated inputs to the motors are 200 MVA and 100 MVA for M1 and
M2, respectively. For both motors sub-transient reactance = 20%. The three-phase
transformer T1 is rated 350 MVA, 230/20 kV with leakage reactance of 10%. Transformer
T2 is composed of three single-phase transformers, each rated 127/13.2 kV, 100 MVA with
leakage reactance of 10%. Series reactance of the transmission line is 0.5 Ohm/km. Select
the generator rating as base in the generator circuit.
(a) . Determine the per-unit reactance for transformers T1 and T2 and motors M1 & M2
(b) Calculate the base impedance of the transmission line
(c) Draw the reactance diagram with all reactances in per unit
(d) If the motors M1 and M2 of Example 6.1 have inputs of 120 and 60 MW, respectively, at
13.2 kV, and both operate at unit power factor, find (i) the voltage at the terminal of the
generator and (ii) the voltage regulation of the line.
Kanak
01-07-2025
