ELL101: Introduction to Electrical Engineering
Tutorial 7, Date: April 18, 2025
Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Delhi
1. The simple magnetic circuit shown has a cross-sectional area of 50 cm² and mean length of 2 m. The
relative permeability of the core is 100. The coil has 250 turns and the flux produced is 100 µWb.
Find:
(a) Reluctance of the magnetic circuit
(b) Current flowing through the coil
2. A ring of 30-cm mean diameter is made using a cylindrical iron rod of diameter 5 cm. A saw-cut
1-mm wide is made through the ring to create an air-gap. A coil with 500 turns of wire is wound on
the ring. Calculate the current required in the exciting coil to produce a flux of 4 mWb in the ring.
Assume the relative permeability of iron at this flux density as 800. Neglect any leakage or fringing
of the magnetic field.
3. The magnet circuit shown in the fig. below has 500 turns wound on each leg; find the current required
to establish a flux of 4mWb across the 0.1-cm air gaps. You are given the B-H characteristics of
different magn. materials.
4. In the magnetic circuit shown below, the relative permeability of the ferromagnetic material is 1200.
Neglect magnetic effect and fringing. All dimensions are in centimeters, and magnetic material has
a square cross-sectional area. Determine the air gap flux, air gap flux density, and the magnetic field
intensity in the air gap.
5. A single-phase transformer is rated at 100 kVA, 3300/400 V, 50 Hz. The transformer has 550 turns
on the primary and 110 turns on the secondary. When the transformer is connected to a 3300 V, 50
Hz supply on the primary:
(a) Calculate the secondary voltage on open circuit.
(b) Determine the full-load currents on both the primary and secondary sides.
(c) Find the maximum value of the magnetic flux in the core.
(d) If the no-load current drawn is 5 A at a power factor of 0.3 (lagging), calculate (i) the core loss
and (ii) the magnetizing component of the no-load current.
(e) Comment on how the core flux varies with load.
6. A single-phase transformer rated at 5 kVA, 200/1000 V, 50 Hz underwent the following tests:
Open circuit test: 200V, 1.2A, 90W
Short circuit test: 50V, 5A, 110W
(a) Determine the parameters of the approximate equivalent circuit referred to the low-voltage side.
(b) If the transformer is delivering 3 kW at 0.8 power factor lagging to a load connected on the
secondary (high-voltage side), and the input voltage on the primary (LV side) is maintained at
200 V, calculate the secondary terminal voltage and the percentage voltage regulation.
7. A transformer operates at its rated voltage and frequency with a flux density of 1.4 Wb/m2 . The core
losses under these conditions consist of Eddy current loss of 1000 W and Hysteresis loss of 3000 W.
Determine the new values of eddy current and hysteresis losses under the following conditions:
(a) The applied voltage is increased by 10% while maintaining the rated frequency.
(b) The frequency is reduced by 10% while the rated voltage is applied.
(c) Both the applied voltage and the frequency are increased by 10%.
8. The equivalent circuit of a step-up transformer with a 200/400 V rating has the following parameters,
referred to the low voltage side: equivalent resistance is 0.15 Ω, equivalent reactance is 0.37 Ω, core
loss resistance is 600 Ω and magnetizing reactance is 300 Ω. When the transformer is supplying a load
of 10 A at a power factor of 0.8 lagging, calculate the primary current and the secondary terminal
voltage.
