SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH THPT NĂM 2024

TỈNH QUẢNG NINH Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH - Bảng A

Ngày thi: 05/12/2024
ĐỀ THI CHÍNH THỨC Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút, không kể thời gian giao đề
(Đề thi này có 14 trang)

Họ tên, chữ kí của Họ tên thí sinh: ........................................................................ Số báo

giám thị danh
Ngày sinh: .................................................................................
1. ...............................................
Nơi sinh: ....................................................................................
...................................................
Học sinh trường: ....................................................................
2. ..............................................
Số phách
Hội đồng coi thi: ....................................................................
..................................................
Phòng thi: ..................................................................................
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Số phách Điểm bài thi: Họ tên, chữ kí của giám khảo Số phách
phúc khảo
Bằng số: .......................................... 1: ........................................................

Bằng chữ: ....................................... 2: ........................................................

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Số phách Điểm bài thi chấm phúc khảo: Họ tên, chữ kí của giám khảo
phúc khảo chấm phúc khảo
Bằng số: ………………………………..……………
1: .........................................................
Bằng chữ: ………………………..………………….
2: ........................................................

- Thí sinh làm bài vào đề thi này. Nếu viết sai thì gạch bỏ rồi viết lại;
- Thí sinh không được sử dụng tài liệu, kể cả từ điển;
- Giám thị không giải thích gì thêm.
HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE
• Bài nghe gồm 4 phần; mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mỗi lần cách nhau 05 giây.
• Mở đầu và kết thúc bài nghe có tín hiệu nhạc.
• Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe.

I. LISTENING (5.0 points)

Part 1. (1.0 point): Listen to the lecture and decide whether the following statements are True
(T) or False (F). Write your answers in the corresponding boxes provided.

STATEMENTS T/F
1. In a previous lecture, Dr North talked about the humankind’s relationship with sailing.
2. The focus of today’s talk will be on European fishing problems.

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 3. During the last century, the world population has grown very fast.
4. As well as over-fishing, the fact that oceans are more polluted is a reason for fishing
stock being on the point of collapse in the Pacific.
5. In the UK, fish used to be seen as a luxury.
Part 2. (1.0 point): Listen to the recording and answer the questions with NO MORE THAN
FOUR WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in the space provided.
1. What happened to an isolated area in Siberia in 2016?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. What did the Russian officials soon find out?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. What did these functionaries have to burn so as to control the spread?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. What is the adverse effect of burning carbon on permafrost?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. What are the other effects of climate change aside from droughts in some areas and floods in others?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
Part 3. (1.0 point): You will hear two sports commentators called Heidi Stokes and Rob Aslett
taking part in a discussion on the subject of gyms. Circle the correct answer (A, B, C or D) which
fits best according to what you hear.
1. What do Rob and Heidi think about government proposals regarding the problem of obesity?
A. They over-emphasize the role of dietary factors.
B. They represent a radical solution that must be worth trying.
C. They over-estimate the extent to which the fitness industry can help.
D. They are attempting to accommodate too many varied perspectives.
2. Heidi agrees with the suggestion that regular gym attendance______.
A. can discourage people from keeping fit in other ways
B. may lead to obsessive behaviour in some cases
C. generally forms the basis of a healthy lifestyle
D. could be harder to keep up in rural areas
3. When asked about motivation, Rob suggests that many gym clients lose interest______.
A. if they don’t get good value for money
B. if they don’t find it enjoyable on a social level
C. if they don’t make it part of a wider fitness regime
D. if they don’t perceive real gains in personal fitness
4. What does Heidi suggest about memership levels in gyms?
A. The best ones restrict access at peak times.
B. Most recruit more people than they cope with.
C. It is impossible to predict demand with any accuracy.
D. Over-recruitment can be counter-productive in the long run.
5. Rob thinks the key to successful gym markeing lies in______.
A. remaining true to the core values of fitness and strength
B. appealing to a wide cross-section of the population
C. joining forces with providers of the related activities
D. specialising in the needs of certain key groups
Part 4. (2.0 points): Listen to a talk about the 73rd United Nations General Assembly and
complete the following sentences. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the
recording for each blank.
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 THE 73rd UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY – 5 KEY ISSUES
1. China’s internment camps
- Beijing authorities stand accused of imprisoning minority Uyghur Muslims in secret internment
camps to (1) _________________________ them.
- Government of China (2) _______________________the accusation, notwithstanding
incontrovertible (3) _________________________ presented by those released from the camps.
2. Rohingya Crisis
- At least 10,000 people have their lives claimed as a result of Myanmar’s (4) ____________________
against the ethnic and religious minority.
- The UN Human Rights council accuses the nation of (5) _________________________ against the
Rohingya.
3. South Sudan’s civil war
- The civil war has taken its toll and resulted in Africa’s (6) _________________________, in which
more than 2 million people are forced to flee the country.
- (7) _________________________ have been prohibited from travelling.
4. Yemen
- The worst humanitarian crisis in the world was created as a civil conflict turned into an
(8) _________________________ between regional archrivals Iran and Saudi Arabia.
5. The United States’ zero tolerance policy
- America’s policy has led immigrants and (9) _________________________ to be taken into custody.
- The United Nations Human Rights Council considers this policy (10) _________________________
as it has caused separation and detention of the families.
II. LEXICO- GRAMMAR (3.0 points)
Part 1. (1.0 point): Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. Circle the
letter A, B, C or D to indicate your answer.
1. ______, sheep were then used for wool.
A. Having first domesticated for milk production
B. Having been first domesticated for milk production
C. Because they had been first domesticated for milk production
D. Although they had first domesticated for milk production
2. ______, the catfish is prized for its taste.
A. As ugly-looking B. Ugly-looking as it is
C. As it is ugly-looking D. With lucky look
3. Employees who have a ______are encouraged to discuss it with the management.
A. hindrance B. disturbance C. grievance D. disadvantage
4. I know you are upset about breaking up with Tom, but there are plenty more ______.
A. horses in the table B. cows in the shed C. tigers in the jungle D. fish in the sea
5. To solve this problem, it is advisable ______.
A. a drastic measure to be adopted B. that to adopt a drastic measure
C. that a drastic measure be adopted D. that a drastic measure is adopted
6. Gifted students may study a special modified curriculum or may progress through academic subjects
at an ______ pace.
A. accelerated B. infatuated C. deteriorated D. mesmerized
7. The mark for your composition was lower than you had expected because you ______ instead of
keeping to the point.
A. went off at a tangent B. are tongued in check
C. worked your tail off D. plumb new depths
8. In order to grow vegetables properly, gardeners must know______.
A. what are each vegetable’s requirements B. that the requirements for each vegetable
C. that is required by each vegetable D. what the requirements for each vegetable are
9. The company’s decision to downsize was a __________ to its reputation as a stable employer.
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A. bane B. boon C. debacle D. reprieve
10. The fact that she is having an affair with her boss is ________ obvious to everyone except her husband.
A. blindingly B. utterly C. radically D. highly
Part 2. (0.5 point): Fill in each blank with ONE suitable particle or preposition to make a
correct sentence. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1. Very short skirts worn with thick woollen tights are _________vogue at the moment.
2. Mary’s criticism was really scathing, but Frank simply shrugged it ________ and got on with the job.
3. The man was muttering _________ his breath as he walked down the road.
4. Before they opened the new factory, a lot of the young people round here were ________ the dole,
and often felt bored and frustrated.
5. It’s going to be a financially difficult year for us, but we’ll just have to tough it ________. Things
are bound to get better soon.
Part 3. (0.5 point): Each sentence below has four underlined parts, one of which is NOT
CORRECT. Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the incorrect ones.
1. Owing to their superior skill, highly competitive athletes have been known to win contestss and
A B C
break records even when suffered from injuries, physical disorders and infections.
D
2. Covid-19, a highly communicative disease, will wreak havoc on a massive scale unless necessary
A B C
prevention measures are implemented.
D
3. People gathered in the main square on the Independence Day to memorize those who had made the
A B C
supreme sacrifice for the liberation of the nation.
D
4. The team's spirits were really low after the first loss, but their morality was improved remarkably
A B C
after the next three consecutive victories.
D
5. A pharmacist’s ethical standards have to be high because he is entrusted to the storage and
A B C
distribution of dangerous drugs.
D
Part 4. (1.0 point): Use the word given in capitals in brackets to form a new word that fits the
gap. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1. They were accused of (HUMAN) __________________ in their treatment of the hostages.
2. They used to be (RECONCILE) __________________ enemies, but now they have managed to
bury the hatchet for the sake of mutual benefits.
3. The story broadens the horizon of the children about their (BEAR) __________________.
4. Jim is one of the most (SPEAK) __________________ members of the committee.
5. There was a/an (PERCEIVE)______________change in the tone of her voice. Almost nobody
could recognize it.
6. He denied the accusation (CONVINCE) __________________, which made me think he was
guilty.
7. Operation Rescue was an organization notorious for its (FRONT) __________________tactics and
its implacable opposition to abortion under all circumstances.
8. They’ve (CHARGE) __________________ us 10 % on the price of the holiday because of a rise in
air fares.
9. Sometimes I'm really shocked by the (CONTEMP) __________________behaviour of shop
assistants.

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10. He is such a/an (KNOW) __________________. We have taught him this four times but he can’t
on one aspect of it.

III. READING (6.0 points)

Part 1. (0.9 point): Read the text and fill in each gap with ONE suitable word. Write your answers
in the spaces provided.
LOST LUGGAGE
Approximately one airline passenger in every thousand arrives at their destination to find that
(1)__________ or all of their baggage has not arrived with them. For many passengers this means a
wait of hours or days, with all the associated inconvenience, (2) __________ the missing item is being
located and forwarded. Others, less fortunate still, have to resign (3) __________to the fact that their
bags are actually lost and, as the days turn into weeks, face the fact that they are unlikely ever to see
them again.
To prevent loss (4) __________ at least assist recovery, passengers are urged to make sure that
indentification tags are secure and up-to date, an itinerary with addresses is enclosed and that bags are
distinguisable from others of the same make. Airlines recommend the use of coloured tape or large
elasticated straps made specifically for this purpose.
Lost or delayed luggage actually costs the world’s airlines over 6 billion per year. They get
some of this back, however, by selling off those lost items which are never claimed by their rightful
owners, (5) __________months of intensive tracking, airlines send hopelessly lost luggage to
companies which sort the contents and then put them on sale at bargain prices. At one such company
in Alanbama, the leftovers of flying are laid out in a vast store, (6) __________has itself now become
an attraction for tourists from all over the world. Who knows, they may even come across some of
their own stuff.
Part 2. (1.2 points): Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the
word that best fits each gap.
Iconic Symbol Lost to Galapagos Forever
The news of the demise of Lonesome George, thought to be the last-surviving member of his
species, Geochelone abingdoni, is unlikely to come as a shock to those who (1)_______the fortunes of
Galapagos, the habitat that inspired the Darwinian theory of evolution, and one that is now genuinely
under real threat and in danger of being (2)_______harmed by human activity, with the main source of
damage being tourism.
Early visitors to the archipelago were what could be (3) ________true nature-loving tourists, a
group which did little collective or individual harm to the islands and did not interfere with the fragile
balance of the ecosystem. However, in more recent times, eco-tourism has grown to enjoy almost cult-
like popularity. Eco-tourists are a very different beast though and are rather more (4) ________in their
tastes. Therefore, while, on the (5)______of it, they come to marvel at the natural splendours the
archipelago (6)_______, they do so only on the understanding that their comfort will not be sacrificed,
requiring tour providers to take special measures to accommodate their more discerning tastes.
Large companies are best positioned to offer these eco-tourists the luxuries they have come to
expect, but their popularity with visitors is sidelining local operators, a proportion of whose revenue
goes towards the upkeep and conservation of the precious ecosystem. Sadly, the large international
tour companies are far less benevolent with the (7)________of their activities, which results in a
double-edged sword situation whereby, due to larger numbers of tourists, more and more of the
islands’habitat is being disturbed while, at the same time, less funding is being made available to
conserve the ecosystem.
If the situation continues to (8) ______, Lonesome George may be but the first of many rare
and endangered creatures to disappear.
1. A. track B. pursue C. observe D. grasp
2. A. irrespectively B. irreversibly C. irrelevantly D. irreverently
3. A. coined B. termed C. stated D. shared
4. A. delineating B. deliberating C. discriminating D. debilitating
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5. A. front B. face C. cusp D. side
6. A. hosts B. lends C. boasts D. homes
7. A. results B. proceeds C. finances D. costs
8. A. deteriorate B. disrepair C. decompose D. distress
Part 3. (1.5 points): Read the following passage and circle the best answer A, B, C or D to the
questions according to the text.
Four stages of planetary development
The planet Earth has passed through four-stages of planetary development. All terrestrial
planets pass through these same stages to some degree, but some planets evolved further or were
affected in different ways.
The Four Stages
The first stage of planetary evolution is differentiation, the separation of material according to
density. Earth now has a dense core and a lower-density crust, and that structure must have originated
very early in its history. Differentiation would have occurred easily if Earth were molten when it was
young. Two sources of energy could have heated Earth. First, heat of formation was released by in-
falling material. A meteorite hitting Earth at high velocity converts most of its energy of motion into
heat, and the impacts of a large number of meteorites would have released tremendous heat. If Earth
formed rapidly, this heat would have accumulated much more rapidly than it could leak away,
and Earth was probably molten when it formed. A second source of heat requires more time to
develop. The decay of radioactive elements trapped in the Earth releases heat gradually; but, as soon as
Earth formed, that heat began to accumulate and helped melt Earth. That would have helped the planet
differentiate.
While Earth was still in a molten state, meteorites could leave no trace, but in the second stage
in planetary evolution, cratering, the young Earth was battered by meteorites that pulverized the newly
forming crust. The largest meteorites blasted out crater basins hundreds of kilometers in diameter. As
the solar nebula cleared, the amount of debris decreased, and after the late heavy bombardment, the
level of cratering fell to its present low level. Although meteorites still occasionally strike Earth and dig
craters, cratering is no longer the dominant influence on Earth's geology. As you compare other worlds
with Earth, you will discover traces of this intense period of cratering, on every old surface in the solar
system.
The third stage, flooding, no doubt began while cratering was still intense. The fracturing of the
crust and the heating produced by radioactive decay allowed molten rock just below the crust to well
up through fissures and flood the deeper basins. You will find such flooded basins with solidified lava
flows on other worlds, such as the moon, but all traces of this early lava flooding have been destroyed
by later geological activity in Earth's crust. On Earth, flooding continued as the atmosphere cooled and
water fell as rain, filling the deepest basins to produce the first oceans. [A] Notice that on Earth
flooding involves both lava and water, a circumstance that we will not find on most worlds. [B]
The fourth stage, slow surface evolution, has continued for the last 3.5 billion years or more.
[C] Earth’s surface is constantly changing as sections of crust slide over each other, push up
mountains, and shift continents. [D] Almost all traces of the first billion years of Earth’s geology have
been destroyed by the active crust and erosion.
Earth as a Planet
All terrestrial planets pass through these four stages, but some have emphasized one stage over
another, and some planets have failed to progress fully through the four stages. Earth is a good standard
for comparative planetology because every major process on any rocky world in our solar system is
represented in some form on Earth.
Nevertheless, Earth is peculiar in two ways. First, it has large amounts of liquid water on its
surface. Fully 75 percent of its surface is covered by this liquid; no other planet in our solar system is
known to have such extensive liquid water on its surface. Water not only fills the oceans but also
evaporates into the atmosphere, forms clouds, and then falls as rain. Water falling on the continents
flows downhill to form rivers that flow back to the sea, and in so doing, the water produces intense
erosion. You will not see such intense erosion on most worlds. Liquid water is, in fact, a rare material
on most planets. Your home planet is special in a second way. Some of the matter on the surface of this
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world is alive, and a small part of that living matter is aware. No one is sure how the presence of living
matter has affected the evolution of Earth, but this process seems to be totally missing from other
worlds in our solar system. Furthermore, the thinking part of life on Earth, humankind, is actively
altering our planet.
1. Why does the author mention the ‘Earth’ in paragraph 1?
A. To explain the stages in planetary development for the Earth in detail
B. To contrast the evolution of the Earth with that of other planets
C. To demonstrate that the Earth passed through similar stages to those of most planets
D. To give an example of exploration of the terrestrial planets
2. Which of the sentences below best expresses the information in the highlighted statement in the passage?
A. The Earth may have been liquid because the heat collected faster than it dissipated if the
formation took place quickly.
B. Because of-the rapid formation of the Earth, the crust took a long time to cool before it became a
solid.
C. The liquid core of the Earth was created when the planet first formed because the heat was so
high and there was little cooling.
D. The cooling caused the Earth to form much more quickly as it met with the intense heat of the
new planet.
3. The word ‘pulverized’ in the passage is closest in meaning to .
A. melted into liquid B. broken into small parts
C. frozen very hard D. washed very clean
4. What can be inferred about radioactive matter?
A. It floods the planet’s crust. B. It generates intense heat.
C. It is an important stage. D. It is revealed by later activity.
5. According to paragraph 4, how were the oceans formed?
A. Ice gouged out depressions in the Earth. B. Rain filled the craters made by meteorites.
C. Earthquakes shifted the continents. D. Molten rock and lava flooded the basins.
6. According to the passage, which stage occurs after cratering?
A. Flooding B. Slow surface evolution C. Differentiation D. Erosion
7. What is the author’s opinion of life on other planets?
A. She does not know whether life is present on other planets.
B. She does not express an opinion about life on other planets.
C. She is certain that no life exists on any planet except Earth.
D. She thinks that there is probably life on other planets.
8. Look at the four squares that show where the following sentence could be inserted in the passage.
‘At the same time, moving air and water erode the surface and wear away geological features.’
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
9. The word ‘process’ in the passage is closest in meaning to .
A. regulation B. improvement C. procedure D. definition
10. All of the following are reasons why the Earth is a good model of planetary development for
purposes of comparison with other planets EXCEPT_____________.
A. The Earth has gone through all four stages of planetary evolution
B. Life on Earth has affected the evolution in a number of important ways
C. All of the fundamental processes on terrestrial planets have occurred on Earth
D. There is evidence of extensive cratering both on Earth and on all other planets
Part 4. (1.2 points): You are going to read an extract from a book about Creole language. For
questions 1-8, choose the best answer from the sections (A-E). Some of the choices may be
required more than once. Write your answers in the spaces provided next to the questions.

Creole Language in Jamaica

A.
Language in Jamaica today reflects the history of the country’s interaction with a variety of cultures
and languages from many ethnic, linguistic, and social backgrounds. Aside from the Arawaks, the
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original inhabitants of Jamaica, all its people were exiles or children of exiles. Over 90% of the 2.5
million people living in Jamaica today are descendants of slaves brought from western Africa by the
British. The local Jamaican language is a reflection of a history of contact with a variety of speakers,
but the official language remains Standard English. The most influential speakers were immigrants
from Africa and Europe. Kwa, Manding, and Kru are amongst the variety of prominent African
languages apparent in Jamaican history. Early Modern English was brought to the Caribbean by
sailors, soldiers, indentured servants, convicts, and lower-class settlers in the form of regional and non-
standard dialects.
B.
Today the Jamaican creole language, called Jamaican Patois, falls at one extreme of the linguistic
spectrum while Standard English lies at the other end of the spectrum. The majority of the population
speaks a language which falls in between the two. At one end there is the educated model spoken by
the elite, which follows the “London Standard”. At the other extreme is what linguists call “creolized”
English, fragmented English speech and syntax with African influences developed during the days of
slavery. This is the speech of the peasant or labourer with little education. In the middle of the
language scale there is the inclusion of Jamaican rhythm and intonation of words, which evolved
within the country, as well as the presence of other uniquely Jamaican traits including retention in
common speech of English words now rare or poetic as well as new formations such as alterations of
existing words.
C.
Jamaican history and the formation of Patois are based on the experience of exile. In the early 16th
century Spanish settlement began in Jamaica with the Arawaks as their first slave labour force. Within
100 years very few Arawaks survived due to a deadly epidemic. The only evidence of the Arawak
dialect in Jamaica today is a few loan words, place names, foods natural objects, and events. Xaymaca
is actually an Arawak word meaning “island of springs”, which is where the name Jamaica is derived
from. It is possible that the first contact of the Arawaks and the Spaniards may have led to an early
pidgin or bilingualism among the first generation of mixed blood. Throughout Spanish rule, the
Arawaks had contact with Spanish colonists, Portuguese, Amerindians brought in as slaves from other
parts of the Caribbean, and West Africans. Then, in 1655, the English attacked the Spanish colony
bringing with them new influences. Arriving with the invaders were soldiers recruited from England,
Barbados, and Montserrat; settlers from Surinam, Barbados, Bermuda, New England, and Virginia;
Jews from Brazil; indentured servants from Bristol; midland and northern lower-class English
speakers; convicts from large prisons in England; Romany speakers; and a variety of African speakers.
The birth of population centers, such as Port Royal, Passage Fort, and Kingston, served as a mixing pot
of many different speakers.
D.
Today linguists agree that East Indians, Spanish, and Arawaks have contributed a little vocabulary to
the Jamaican dialect, but the majority of non-English terms, grammar and phonology is African.
Africans came to acquire forms of English because of the domination of the English dialects of their
plantation-owning masters. The heyday of sugar, between 1700-1834, is the period thought to be most
responsible for the forming of Patois. At this time, increasing numbers of Africans were imported to
work on the large plantations. By the end of the century Africans made up a quarter of the slave
population and Creole took precedence over the African past. Increases in written records of Jamaican
Creole were seen at the time of the abolitionist movement from 1770 to 1838, but English continued to
influence Jamaican Creole in the form of biblical and prayer-book language.
E.
The perception that Englis-lexicon Creole languages are a form of “bad English” still persists today in
Jamaica. Jamaican Patois continues to be considered an unacceptable official language and an informal
language not to be used for any formal purpose. Creole speakers are often compared to those speakers
of Standard English. The similarity of Creole to English has led Creole speakers to be labelled as
socially and linguistically inferior, although Jamaica Creole is increasingly showing up in newspapers
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once known for their old-fashioned Standard English, on the radio, and in songs. Indeed, in the past 30
or 40 years linguists have finally begun to recognize Creole as a language in itself.

In which section are the following mentioned? Your

answers
1. The reason why Jamaican Creole is looked down upon
2. A source by which Jamaicans were exposed to English after Patois developed
3. How most people speak in Jamaica
4. The name of the legally recognized language of Jamaica
5. Why there are not many Arawaks in Jamaica today
6. The part of society that speaks the London Standard of English
7. The places where most Jamaican people live
8. A significant development during the years when growing sugar was important

Part 5. (1.2 points): Read the passage and do the tasks that follow.
Just relax…
A.
Hypnosis is an intriguing and fascinating process. A trance-like mental state is induced in one person
by another, who appears to have the power to command that person to obey instructions without
question. Hypnotic experiences were described by the ancient Egyptians and Greeks, whilst references
to deep sleep and anaesthesia have been found in the Bible and in the Jewish Talmud. In the mid-
1700s, Franz Mesmer, an Austrian physician, developed his theory of ‘animal magnestism’, which was
the belief that the cause of disease was the ‘improper distribution of invisible magnetic fluids’.
Mesmer used water tubs and magnetic wands to direct these supported fluids to his patients. In 1784, a
French commission studied Mesmer’s claims, and concluded that these ‘cures’ were only imagined by
the patients. However, people continued to believe in this process of ‘mesmerism’ and it was soon
realised that successful results could be achieved, but without the need for magnets and water.
B.
The term hypnotism was first used by James Braid, a British physician who studied suggestion and
hypnosis in the mid-1800s. He demonstrated that hypnosis differed from sleep, that it was a
physiological response and not the result of secret powers. During this same period, James Esdaile, a
Scottish doctor working in India, used hypnotism instead of anaesthetic in over 200 major surgical
operations, including leg amputations. Later that century, a French neurologist, Jean Charcot,
successfully experimented with hypnosis in his clinic for nervous disorders.
C.
Since then, scientists have shown that the state of hypnosis is a natural human behaviour, which can
affect psychological, social and/or physical experiences. The effects of hypnotism depend on the
ability, willingness and motivation of the person being hypnotised. Although hypnosis has been
compared to dreaming and sleepwalking, it is not actually related to sleep. It involves a more active
and intense mental concentration of the person being hypnotised. Hypnotised people can talk, write,
and walk about and they are usually fully aware of what is being said and done.
D.
There are various techniques used to induce hypnosis. The best-known is a series of simple
suggestions repeated continuously in the same tone of voice. The subject is instructed to focus their
attention on an object or fixed point, while being told to relax, breathe deeply, and allow the eyelids to
grow heavy and close. As the person responds, their state of attention changes, and this altered state
often leads to other changes. For example, the person may experience different levels of awareness,
consciousness, imagination, memory and reasoning or become more responsive to suggestions.
Additional phenomena may be produced or eliminated such as blushing, sweating, paralysis, muscle
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tension or anaesthesia. Although these changes can occur with hypnosis, none of these experiences is
unique to it. People who are very responsive to hypnosis are also more responsive to Suggestions when
they are not hypnotised. This responsiveness increases during hypnotism. This explains why hypnosis
takes only a few seconds for some, whilst other people cannot be easily hypnotised.
E.
It is a common misunderstanding that hypnotists are able to force people to perform criminal or any
other acts against their will. In fact, subjects can resist suggestions, and they retain their ability to
distinguish right from wrong. This misunderstanding is often the result of public performances where
subjects perform ridiculous or highly embarrassing actions at the command of the hypnotist. These
people are usually instructed not to recall their behaviour after re-emerging from the hypnotic state, so
it appears that they were powerless while hypnotised. The point to remember, however, is that these
individuals chose to participate, and the success; of hypnotism depends on the willingness of a person
to be hypnotised.
F.
Interestingly, there are different levels of hypnosis achievable. Thus deep hypnosis can be induced to
allow anaesthesia for surgery, childbirth or dentistry. This contrasts to a lighter state of hypnosis,
which deeply relaxes the patient who will then follow simple directions. This latter state may be used
to treat mental health problems, as it allows patients to feel calm while simultaneously thinking about
distressing feelings or painful memories. Thus patients can learn new responses to situations or come
up with solutions to problems. This can help recovery from psychological conditions such as anxiety,
depression or phobias. Sometimes, after traumatic incidents, memory of the events may be blocked.
For example, some soldiers develop amnesia [loss of memory] as a result of their experiences during
wartime. Through hypnosis these repressed memories can be retrieved and treated. A variation of this
treatment involves age regression, when the hypnotist takes the patient back to a specific age. In this
way patients may remember events and feelings from that time, which may be affecting their current
well-being.

For questions 1-5: The passage has six sections, A-F. Choose the correct heading for each section from
the list below. Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 1-5. Three of the headings don’t fit.

List of Headings
i. Use of hypnotism in criminal cases
ii. The normality of hypnotised subjects’ behaviour
iii. Early medical experiments with hypnotism
iv. Early association of hypnosis with psychology
v. Dangers of hypnotism
vi. How to hypnotise
vii. Hypnosis and free will
viii. Difference between mesmerism and hypnotism
ix. Therapeutic uses of hypnosis
x. Origins of hypnosis (Example)

Example: Section A: x

Your answers:

1. Section B: ___ 2. Section C: ___ 3. Section D : ___ 4. Section E : ___ 5. Section F: ___

For questions 6-8: Complete the notes below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer. Write your answers
in the spaces provided.
References to hypnotism can be found in both the Talmud and the Bible. Even when Mesmer’s
(6) ________________were not used, successful results occurred without them. Braid identified
10-A
hypnosis as a natural (7) ________________response, rather than magical or mystical. Early
psychological studies showed the difference between sleep and hypnosis. Successful hypnosis requires
the subject’s active mental concentration. Consequently subjects can speak or move around and are
(8) ________________ of their surroundings.

IV. WRITING (6.0 points)

Part 1. (1.0 point): Read the following text and use your own words to summarize it in a
paragraph of about 90 words. You MUST NOT copy or re-write the original.
Nanotechnology is a new field of applied science. It is an effort to create very tiny machines on
a nano scale. A nano is a unit of measurement which stands for ten to the negative power of nine. It is
used to describe very small things.
One example of nanotechnology in modern use is the making of polymers. These are based on
molecular structure. Another is the design of computer chip layouts. These are based on surface
science.
At the nano-size level, the properties of many materials change. For example, copper changes from
opaque to clear. Solid gold becomes liquid at room temperature. Insulators like silicon become
conductors. All of these activities open up many potential risks.
Due to their altered states, nano particles become more mobile. They are also more likely to
react with other things. There are four ways for nano particles to enter the human body. They can be
inhaled, swallowed, absorbed through the skin, or injected. Once these particles are in the body, they
are highly mobile.
In fact, the way these particles react inside living things is still not fully understood. But
scientists guess that these tiny objects could easily overload defensive cells. This would weaken a
body's defenses against diseases. Humans could easily lose control of particles this size. This would
lead to mass epidemics that would cause widespread disease and death.
Another concern about nanotechnology is of the environmental risks. One report details the
possible disaster of the Earth being covered in a gray, sticky substance. This terrible event is attributed
to the unrestrained self-replication of microscopic robots. These robots are called nanobots and are
able to control themselves.
Therefore, scientists need to collect much more data before they are allowed to create and
release nanobots. They should be highly regulated by laws that only allow licensed scientists to do safe
experiments.
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Part 2. (2.0 points): The table below shows the number of motorbikes sold by four motorbike
manufacturers in Fantasia between 2018 and 2021. Summarise the information by selecting and
reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write at least 150
words.

Year
2018 2019 2020 2021
Brand

Honda 15,250 13,570 14,000 16,150

Yamaha 5,300 6,700 7,050 6,100

SYM 1,200 1,580 1,600 1,840

Suzuki 2,300 3,400 4,000 4,500

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Part 3. (3.0 points): Write an essay of about 250 words on the following topic.
Some people think that children should be taught at school to recycle materials and avoid waste. Other
people believe that children should be taught this at home.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
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14-A